Mine risk education training module - Avsi

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I N T R O D U C T I O N 3 GLOBAL BACKGROUND In order to fully understand the dangers related to the use of mines and UXO it is important to be aware of the history and international activities regarding the topic. Brief History A mine is a trap with no expiry date - “a silent killer.” This enclosed An unexploded rocket lies a few meters from a hut, Gulu District. explosive with a firing mechanism was invented in the early 1900’s. For years it has been a key weapon of war used between military forces to maim or kill the enemy, to protect sensitive areas, to act as an early warning signal, and to delay the pursuing army. Over the years mines have progressed with technological advances that have made them much more deadly. Because they are so efficient, adaptable to all terrains, easy to create and inexpensive to produce, mines have been used in many parts of the world. For these reasons, mines are used not only against military targets, but also against civilians. The problem with mines is not unique to Uganda. It is a global threat. More than 60 million mines are scattered throughout the world affecting over 70 countries Mines kill or mutilate roughly 26,000 people a year. That’s 500 victims a week, 71 per day, 3 per hour. (How many people will die during the course of this training) Mines have killed more people than nuclear, chemical and biological weapons combined Mines cost $3 - $30 to produce but $300 - $1000 to remove International Activities A significant concern was expressed by many different countries following the growing threat of mines and UXO in the world. An important step forward was made on 3 December 1997, at an international convention in Ottawa, Canada, in which a treaty was developed to ban the use of anti-personnel mines. This treaty prohibits the use, production, assembling, stockpiling and transferring of anti-personnel mines. As of 2004, over 140 countries, three quarters of the world’s nations, have signed the treaty but not all have ratified it. In order to ratify the treaty a country must consent to be bound by it, must halt all production and use of mines, and destroy all stockpiles. Uganda signed in 1997 and ratified in 1999. Since the Ottawa Treaty was enacted the number of mine producing countries has dropped from 54 to 14 (as of 2003). Countries that have a mine burden
Out of the Ottawa Convention, an international effort called the Humanitarian Mine Action Program developed. It focuses on some important aspects of the problems associated with mines. Survivor Assistance Support services available for victims (i.e. medical, rehabilitative, psychosocial, vocational, etc) Mine Risk Education Awareness trainings to inform the community on the dangers of mines and UXO Survey and assessment Mines are located, evaluated and reported to international bodies Mine clearance Trained professionals use specific machines or techniques to clear mines Stockpile Destruction Recovered and stockpiled mines are destroyed This module is part of the global effort to educate the population on the risks of mines and UXO . Similar awareness trainings are taking place in mine-affected countries throughout the world. A survivor learns to use her new limb, Gulu Regional Orthopedic Workshop. Anti-tank and anti-personnel mines and other ammunition. APPROACH TO TRAINING In order to fully understand the concepts presented in this Module, it is important to recognize the theoretical approach used. Prevention Activity First and foremost, the MRE trainings are a prevention activity, with the main goal of reducing the number of injuries and deaths caused by mines and UXO. In this case prevention is attempted through sensitization of the community. Sensitization Sensitization is developing knowledge and awareness among the target audience. This knowledge serves to change attitudes and behaviors in everyday life. It involves providing accurate information, sharing of personal experiences and attitudes, and offering a practical application of the topic. This aspect of training helps the participants learn the concepts and put them into practice in their communities. Community-based The type of sensitization AVSI uses is community-based. We view a person not as an isolated individual but rather as one who belongs and interacts within a larger group, a community. Therefore, we believe that it is important to include the members of the local community in presenting and promoting the training. Those who exhibit leadership in their communities, through either formal or informal roles, are chosen for training. They in turn are responsible for sensitizing their local communities. This grass roots/bottom-up approach seems to have greater impact and sustainability than other approaches. Awareness spreads as trainers share the message with individuals, families, and community groups. These people in turn communicate the topic to the wider community. I N T R O D U C T I O N 4
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