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HYDROXYUREA FOR CHILDREN WITH SICKLE CELL DISEASE 499 [23] Dover GJ, Brusilow S, Charache S. Induction of fetal hemoglobin production in subjects with sickle cell anemia by oral sodium phenylbutyrate. Blood 1994;84(1):339–43. [24] Resar LM, Segal JB, Fitzpatric LK, et al. Induction of fetal hemoglobin synthesis in children with sickle cell anemia on low-dose oral sodium phenylbutyrate therapy. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2002;24(9):737–41. [25] Sher GD, Ginder GD, Little J, et al. Extended therapy with intravenous arginine butyrate in patients with beta-hemoglobinopathies. N Engl J Med 1995;332(24):1606–10. [26] Davies SC, Gilmore A. The role of hydroxyurea in the management of sickle cell disease. Blood Rev 2003;17(2):99–109. [27] Halsey C, Roberts IA. The role of hydroxyurea in sickle cell disease. Br J Haematol 2003; 120(2):177–86. [28] Lori F, Foli A, Groff A, et al. Optimal suppression of HIV replication by low-dose hydroxyurea through the combination of antiviral and cytostatic (‘virostatic’) mechanisms. AIDS 2005;19(11):1173–81. [29] Dover GJ, Humphries RK, Moore JG, et al. Hydroxyurea induction of hemoglobin F production in sickle cell disease: relationship between cytotoxicity and F cell production. Blood 1986;67(3):735–8. [30] Platt OS, Orkin SH, Dover G, et al. Hydroxyurea enhances fetal hemoglobin production in sickle cell anemia. J Clin Invest 1984;74(2):652–6. [31] Charache S, Dover GJ, Moyer MA, et al. Hydroxyurea-induced augmentation of fetal hemoglobin production in patients with sickle cell anemia. Blood 1987;69(1):109–16. [32] Charache S, Dover GJ, Moore RD, et al. Hydroxyurea: effects on hemoglobin F production in patients with sickle cell anemia. Blood 1992;79(10):2555–65. [33] Letvin NL, Linch DC, Beardsley GP, et al. Augmentation of fetal-hemoglobin production in anemic monkeys by hydroxyurea. N Engl J Med 1984;310(14):869–73. [34] Gladwin MT, Shelhamer JH, Ognibene FP, et al. Nitric oxide donor properties of hydroxyurea in patients with sickle cell disease. Br J Haematol 2002;116(2):436–44. [35] Huang J, Yakubu M, Kim-Shapiro DB, et al. Rat liver-mediated metabolism of hydroxyurea to nitric oxide. Free Radic Biol Med 2006;40(9):1675–81. [36] Charache S, Terrin ML, Moore RD, et al. Effect of hydroxyurea on the frequency of painful crises in sickle cell anemia. Investigators of the Multicenter Study of Hydroxyurea in Sickle Cell Anemia. N Engl J Med 1995;332(20):1317–22. [37] Kinney TR, Helms RW, O’Branski EE, et al. Safety of hydroxyurea in children with sickle cell anemia: results of the HUG-KIDS study, a phase I/II trial. Pediatric Hydroxyurea Group. Blood 1999;94(5):1550–4. [38] Wang WC, Helms RW, Lynn HS, et al. Effect of hydroxyurea on growth in children with sickle cell anemia: results of the HUG-KIDS Study. J Pediatr 2002;140(2):225–9. [39] Ware RE, Eggleston B, Redding-Lallinger R, et al. Predictors of fetal hemoglobin response in children with sickle cell anemia receiving hydroxyurea therapy. Blood 2002;99(1):10–4. [40] Scott JP, Hillery CA, Brown ER, et al. Hydroxyurea therapy in children severely affected with sickle cell disease. J Pediatr 1996;128(6):820–8. [41] Jayabose S, Tugal O, Sandoval C, et al. Clinical and hematologic effects of hydroxyurea in children with sickle cell anemia. J Pediatr 1996;129(4):559–65. [42] Ferster A, Vermylen C, Cornu G, et al. Hydroxyurea for treatment of severe sickle cell anemia: a pediatric clinical trial. Blood 1996;88(6):1960–4. [43] de Montalembert M, Belloy M, Bernaudin F, et al. Three-year follow-up of hydroxyurea treatment in severely ill children with sickle cell disease. The French Study Group on Sickle Cell Disease. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 1997;19(4):313–8. [44] Ferster A, Tahriri P, Vermylen C, et al. Five years of experience with hydroxyurea in children and young adults with sickle cell disease. Blood 2001;97(11):3628–32. [45] Zimmerman SA, Schultz WH, Davis JS, et al. Sustained long-term hematologic efficacy of hydroxyurea at maximum tolerated dose in children with sickle cell disease. Blood 2004; 103(6):2039–45.
500 HEENEY & WARE [46] Wang WC, Wynn LW, Rogers ZR, et al. A two-year pilot trial of hydroxyurea in very young children with sickle-cell anemia. J Pediatr 2001;139(6):790–6. [47] Hankins JS, Ware RE, Rogers ZR, et al. Long-term hydroxyurea therapy for infants with sickle cell anemia: the HUSOFT extension study. Blood 2005;106(7):2269–75. [48] Hankins JS, Helton KJ, McCarville MB, et al. Preservation of spleen and brain function in children with sickle cell anemia treated with hydroxyurea. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2008;50(2): 293–7. [49] Fitzhugh CD, Wigfall DR, Ware RE. Enalapril and hydroxyurea therapy for children with sickle nephropathy. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2005;45(7):982–5. [50] Saad ST, Lajolo C, Gilli S, et al. Follow-up of sickle cell disease patients with priapism treated by hydroxyurea. Am J Hematol 2004;77(1):45–9. [51] Maples BL, Hagemann TM. Treatment of priapism in pediatric patients with sickle cell disease. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2004;61(4):355–63. [52] Singh S, Koumbourlis A, Aygun B. Resolution of chronic hypoxemia in pediatric sickle cell patients after treatment with hydroxyurea. Pediatr Blood Cancer;[epub ahead of print]. [53] Kratovil T, Bulas D, Driscoll MC, et al. Hydroxyurea therapy lowers TCD velocities in children with sickle cell disease. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2006;47(7):894–900. [54] Zimmerman SA, Schultz WH, Burgett S, et al. Hydroxyurea therapy lowers transcranial Doppler flow velocities in children with sickle cell anemia. Blood 2007;110(3):1043–7. [55] Ware RE, Zimmerman SA, Schultz WH. Hydroxyurea as an alternative to blood transfusions for the prevention of recurrent stroke in children with sickle cell disease. Blood 1999; 94(9):3022–6. [56] Sumoza A, de Bisotti R, Sumoza D, et al. Hydroxyurea (HU) for prevention of recurrent stroke in sickle cell anemia (SCA). Am J Hematol 2002;71(3):161–5. [57] Ware RE, Zimmerman SA, Sylvestre PB, et al. Prevention of secondary stroke and resolution of transfusional iron overload in children with sickle cell anemia using hydroxyurea and phlebotomy. J Pediatr 2004;145(3):346–52. [58] ClinicalTrials.gov. Stroke with transfusions changing to hydroxyurea (SWiTCH). Available at: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00122980. Accessed March 1, 2008. [59] Steinberg MH, Barton F, Castro O, et al. Effect of hydroxyurea on mortality and morbidity in adult sickle cell anemia: risks and benefits up to 9 years of treatment. JAMA 2003;289(13): 1645–51. [60] Pata O, Tok CE, Yazici G, et al. Polycythemia vera and pregnancy: a case report with the use of hydroxyurea in the first trimester. Am J Perinatol 2004;21(3):135–7. [61] Byrd DC, Pitts SR, Alexander CK. Hydroxyurea in two pregnant women with sickle cell anemia. Pharmacotherapy 1999;19(12):1459–62. [62] Grigg A. Effect of hydroxyurea on sperm count, motility and morphology in adult men with sickle cell or myeloproliferative disease. Intern Med J 2007;37(3):190–2. [63] Masood J, Hafeez A, Hughes A, et al. Hydroxyurea therapy: a rare cause of reversible azoospermia. Int Urol Nephrol 2007;39(3):905–7. [64] ClinicalTrials.gov. Long term effects of hydroxyurea therapy in children with sickle cell disease. Available at: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00305175. Accessed March 1, 2008. [65] Schultz WH, Ware RE. Malignancy in patients with sickle cell disease. Am J Hematol 2003; 74(4):249–53. [66] Miller ST, Sleeper LA, Pegelow CH, et al. Prediction of adverse outcomes in children with sickle cell disease. N Engl J Med 2000;342(2):83–9. [67] NIH. National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference statement: hydroxyurea treatment for sickle cell disease; 2008. Available at: http://consensus.nih.gov/2008/ Sickle%20Cell%20Draft%20Statement%2002-27-08.pdf. Accessed March 1, 2008. [68] Thornburg CD, Dixon N, Burgett S, et al. Efficacy of hydroxyurea to prevent organ damage in young children with sickle cell anemia. Blood 2007;110(11):3386. [69] Yan JH, Ataga K, Kaul S, et al. The influence of renal function on hydroxyurea pharmacokinetics in adults with sickle cell disease. J Clin Pharmacol 2005;45(4):434–45.
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Pediatr Clin N Am 55 (2008) xiii-xi
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Pediatr Clin N Am 55 (2008) 287-304
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DECISION ANALYSIS IN PEDIATRIC HEMA
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Nietert et al [30] Treatment of sic
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VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM IN CHILDREN
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PEDIATRIC ARTERIAL ISCHEMIC STROKE
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CARE OF PATIENTS WITH VASCULAR ANOM
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358 RODRIGUEZ & HOOTS Fig. 1. X-lin
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Table 1 Clotting factor concentrate
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Table 1 (continued ) Factor VIII (o
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364 RODRIGUEZ & HOOTS was administe
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366 RODRIGUEZ & HOOTS Antifibrinoly
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368 RODRIGUEZ & HOOTS infections an
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370 RODRIGUEZ & HOOTS Fig. 3. Schem
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372 RODRIGUEZ & HOOTS protein is no
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374 RODRIGUEZ & HOOTS [2] Berntorp
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376 RODRIGUEZ & HOOTS [42] Carcao M
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378 ROBERTSON et al von Willebrand
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380 ROBERTSON et al Fig. 2. A propo
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382 ROBERTSON et al a heterogenous
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384 ROBERTSON et al of considering
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386 ROBERTSON et al Type 2M Type 2M
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388 ROBERTSON et al Desmopressin is
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390 ROBERTSON et al References [1]
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392 ROBERTSON et al [46] Nesbitt IM
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394 BLANCHETTE & BOLTON-MAGGS A key
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396 BLANCHETTE & BOLTON-MAGGS recep
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398 BLANCHETTE & BOLTON-MAGGS and p
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400 BLANCHETTE & BOLTON-MAGGS Fig.
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402 BLANCHETTE & BOLTON-MAGGS in di
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404 BLANCHETTE & BOLTON-MAGGS the s
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406 BLANCHETTE & BOLTON-MAGGS findi
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408 BLANCHETTE & BOLTON-MAGGS as a
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410 BLANCHETTE & BOLTON-MAGGS splen
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412 BLANCHETTE & BOLTON-MAGGS with
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414 BLANCHETTE & BOLTON-MAGGS react
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416 BLANCHETTE & BOLTON-MAGGS [16]
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422 FASANO & LUBAN of storage and t
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424 FASANO & LUBAN Leukocyte reduct
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426 FASANO & LUBAN RBCs is decrease
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Table 1 Blood component characteris
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430 FASANO & LUBAN Alloimmunization
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432 FASANO & LUBAN of individual un
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434 FASANO & LUBAN patients have an
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436 FASANO & LUBAN adults; therefor
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438 FASANO & LUBAN [21]. Meta-analy
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440 FASANO & LUBAN Pretransfusion m
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442 FASANO & LUBAN [55,56]. This is
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444 FASANO & LUBAN [20] Roseff SD,
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Page 164 and 165: THALASSEMIA UPDATE 449 hypochromia
Page 166 and 167: THALASSEMIA UPDATE 451 Fig. 1. Chan
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Page 170 and 171: THALASSEMIA UPDATE 455 thromboses i
Page 172 and 173: THALASSEMIA UPDATE 457 On the basis
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Page 178 and 179: ORAL IRON CHELATORS 463 large iron-
Page 180 and 181: ORAL IRON CHELATORS 465 of 50 child
Page 182 and 183: ORAL IRON CHELATORS 467 Table 2 Com
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Page 200 and 201: HYDROXYUREA FOR CHILDREN WITH SICKL
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Page 228 and 229: 514 TRACY & RICE Table 1 Effect of
Page 230 and 231: 516 TRACY & RICE decreased bilirubi
Page 232 and 233: 518 TRACY & RICE [13] Bader-Meunier
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