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Copyright statement This copy of the thesis has been supplied on condition that anyone who consults it is understood to recognise that its copyright rests with its author and that no quotation from the thesis and no information derived from it may be published without the author's prior consent.
Page 1: IN SITU MEASUREMENTS OF BUILDING MA
Page 5 and 6: Brian Pilkington In situ measuremen
Page 7 and 8: A critique of late 20th century and
Page 9 and 10: List of tables Table 1: Solver sens
Page 11 and 12: Chart 26: AT/Int plots for measurem
Page 13 and 14: List of fiqures Figure 1: Example c
Page 15 and 16: List of equations Equation (1) ....
Page 17 and 18: Acknowled-mments This study was sug
Page 19: Nomenclature Units within the thesi
Page 22 and 23: significant contributor to the sum
Page 24 and 25: Best practice for energy use in new
Page 26 and 27: material. The units used to describ
Page 28 and 29: and concrete at room temperature ar
Page 30 and 31: various building materials at the U
Page 32 and 33: with known thermal properties (Toul
Page 34 and 35: Regulatory framework The constructi
Page 36 and 37: Energy Performance of Buildings Dir
Page 38 and 39: "To dramatically improve the sustai
Page 40 and 41: The National Institute of Standards
Page 42 and 43: particular product, the manufacture
Page 44 and 45: and involves very long times in sam
Page 46 and 47: and volumetric heat capacity, of bu
Page 48 and 49: The early history of the thermal pr
Page 50 and 51: Hutchings (1938) as having develope
Page 52 and 53:
deduced values for A and B, introdu
Page 54 and 55:
instrument used, hence the process
Page 56 and 57:
Hooper and Chang (1953), reporting
Page 58 and 59:
and sample was significant. This pr
Page 60 and 61:
unless the H value was known or cou
Page 62 and 63:
Blackwell's 32mm diameter probe and
Page 64 and 65:
methodology could not be carried ou
Page 66 and 67:
methods, single needle thermal prob
Page 68 and 69:
An attempt to use the resistance of
Page 70 and 71:
whether they were as result of unkn
Page 72 and 73:
minute measurements and concluded t
Page 74 and 75:
9 Neglect of higher order terms in
Page 76 and 77:
matching the thermal properties of
Page 78 and 79:
calculations of Blackwell (1954) to
Page 80 and 81:
sawdust; and fireclay using a therm
Page 82 and 83:
sample of interest and a sample of
Page 84 and 85:
values for thermal conductivity and
Page 86 and 87:
cast into Araldite. With quartz, a
Page 88 and 89:
sample's edge and end losses from t
Page 90 and 91:
infinite homogenous sample heated b
Page 92 and 93:
e considered negligible, i. e. towa
Page 94 and 95:
measuring H independently. It is th
Page 96 and 97:
Batty et al gave guarded hot plate
Page 98 and 99:
This was to provide accurate data f
Page 100 and 101:
Davis (1984), in a book reviewed by
Page 102 and 103:
powders of such as brick dust, sand
Page 104 and 105:
was said to be connected to probe s
Page 106 and 107:
squares method was found. This was
Page 108 and 109:
a measured radius, the radius value
Page 110 and 111:
The new work was based on the Modif
Page 112 and 113:
on the curve. The short time soluti
Page 114 and 115:
measured for heat pump installation
Page 116 and 117:
(1993) to assume volumetric heat ca
Page 118 and 119:
in between. Measurements were taken
Page 120 and 121:
The probe was calibrated in PTFE, a
Page 122 and 123:
was highly accurate, even at very s
Page 124 and 125:
materials. It seems only one refere
Page 126 and 127:
Goodhew and Griffiths, at the Unive
Page 128 and 129:
Results were reported for agar immo
Page 130 and 131:
Identification of the linear asympt
Page 132 and 133:
those found through computer simula
Page 134 and 135:
grind rocks to dust for use with th
Page 136 and 137:
none of these materials were of cer
Page 138 and 139:
the use of the longest period over
Page 140 and 141:
Thermal conductivity is then calcul
Page 142 and 143:
A T(t) = the temperature change at
Page 144 and 145:
"With the exception of the results
Page 146 and 147:
marked differences between results
Page 148 and 149:
1 tw7zý Recognition of the correct
Page 150 and 151:
The effects of hole size for pre-dr
Page 152 and 153:
overall discussion and conclusions
Page 154 and 155:
new and simple method of assessing
Page 156 and 157:
potential difficulties in different
Page 158 and 159:
Chapter 4: Assessment of traditiona
Page 160 and 161:
instance, be anywhere between zero
Page 162 and 163:
the time window, were then averaged
Page 164 and 165:
900 H: Agar and PTFE Compared 0H PT
Page 166 and 167:
285 5796 1086772 -0 01471 22 17372
Page 168 and 169:
"%error 2to4 constants" chart, whic
Page 170 and 171:
It is of note that the estimated st
Page 172 and 173:
Axis adiustments Various researcher
Page 174 and 175:
worked back progressively from Os -
Page 176 and 177:
7 using equation (6) over successiv
Page 178 and 179:
various measurements taken with the
Page 180 and 181:
Figure 11: Laboratory based thermal
Page 182 and 183:
A simple gauge of repeatability was
Page 184 and 185:
It is interesting to note in Table
Page 186 and 187:
Probe Temperature v Elapsed Heating
Page 188 and 189:
Page 190 and 191:
Hole size and fillers This section
Page 192 and 193:
probes ranged from 0.9 Wm-l to 6.5
Page 194 and 195:
AT in a 2mm hole in aerated block,
Page 196 and 197:
and its trend. The slope is slightl
Page 198 and 199:
temperature stabilisation before an
Page 200 and 201:
Material (probe direction) Mean Mea
Page 202 and 203:
10 100 1000 s Chart 23: AT/Int plot
Page 204 and 205:
Power Level Assessment, PTFE - Low
Page 206 and 207:
it must be emphasised that the rise
Page 208 and 209:
1 Hz, within the time window used,
Page 210 and 211:
No theoretical or practical reason
Page 212 and 213:
Power Level Assessment, Agar Immobi
Page 214 and 215:
differences should appear in result
Page 216 and 217:
20mm, 30mm and 50mm from, and paral
Page 218 and 219:
Figure 15: Thermal images of a prob
Page 220 and 221:
A number of measurements were carri
Page 222 and 223:
Page 224 and 225:
Thermal Conductivity by TP08 of Aer
Page 226 and 227:
could then be visually assessed to
Page 228 and 229:
measurements, so switch gear could
Page 230 and 231:
The power was measured using the vo
Page 232 and 233:
ce: tcss Cr'Jflr te.: e Z,: Rex. 1
Page 234 and 235:
A number of problems with this meth
Page 236 and 237:
oom, both raising the ambient tempe
Page 238 and 239:
proportion of the data to be used.
Page 240 and 241:
Introduction to the case studies Th
Page 242 and 243:
heating cycles, data were downloade
Page 244 and 245:
approximately 0.03511C and chart 43
Page 246 and 247:
The second cob building was a small
Page 248 and 249:
1.20 , A calculated over 100s perio
Page 250 and 251:
through the morning. Internal measu
Page 252 and 253:
Base and Needle Temperatures Compar
Page 254 and 255:
value would be significantly greate
Page 256 and 257:
In Situ and Laboratory Results Over
Page 258 and 259:
Case study 4, Straw bale garages Me
Page 260 and 261:
0.08 In Situ and Laboratory Interna
Page 262 and 263:
Measurements were taken internally
Page 264 and 265:
Figure 27: The clay straw studio un
Page 266 and 267:
The heating pipes in the wall were
Page 268 and 269:
samples decreased. The thermographi
Page 270 and 271:
electrical resistance and to avoid
Page 272 and 273:
a and H on AT/Int so that they coul
Page 274 and 275:
Forminci holes for the thermal Drob
Page 276 and 277:
Contact with contemporary researche
Page 278 and 279:
and from the probe at later times.
Page 280 and 281:
measurements, the time windows for
Page 282 and 283:
such extents. A thermographic study
Page 284 and 285:
Conclusions This section provides a
Page 286 and 287:
as the results required, which, for
Page 288 and 289:
Described a new methodology to asse
Page 290 and 291:
o Axial and end losses o Convection
Page 292 and 293:
This draws into question the means
Page 294 and 295:
The slope assessment methodology as
Page 296 and 297:
A Calculated over 100s Periods - He
Page 298 and 299:
The second series - virtual constru
Page 300 and 301:
Appendix B: The experiment iog Belo
Page 302 and 303:
I Ref Date Material Probe Heat Lab
Page 304 and 305:
284
Page 306 and 307:
Ref Date Material Probe Heat Lab Ra
Page 308 and 309:
Ref Date Material Probe Heat Lab In
Page 310 and 311:
I Rol Date Material Probe Heat Lab
Page 312 and 313:
Page 314 and 315:
Rat Date Material Probe Heat Lab Ra
Page 316 and 317:
Page 318 and 319:
Appendix C: Example of experiment r
Page 320 and 321:
Appendix D: Voltra summary, series
Page 322 and 323:
Appendix E: Voltra summary, constru
Page 324 and 325:
References Abey J, Smallcombe J (20
Page 326 and 327:
Blackwell JH (1956) The axial-flow
Page 328 and 329:
Chambers N, Child R, Jenkin N, Lewi
Page 330 and 331:
FPAG Fuel - Poverty Advisory Group
Page 332 and 333:
Holman JP (1981) Heat Transfer, 5th
Page 334 and 335:
Lazarus N (2003) Beddington zero (f
Page 336 and 337:
Parkpoom S, Harrison GP, Bialek JW
Page 338 and 339:
Singh R, Saxena NS, Chaudhary DR (1
Page 340 and 341:
method, Rev. Sci. Instruments, v. 5
Page 342 and 343:
Bibliography Asher GB, Sloan ED, Gr
Page 344 and 345:
Gilbo CF (1985) Thermal conductivit
Page 346 and 347:
Sharma RG, Pande RN, Chaudhary DR (
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