Principles and Techniques of Trauma Care

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TENSION PNEUMOTHORAX 2 nd intercostal space at mid-clavicular line • Give high flow oxygen • After aseptic skin preparation • Insert a large bore needle over rib: – 2 nd intercostal space – Over 3 rd rib at mid-clavicular line • Listen for hissing sound of air escaping • Insert chest drain 24 | Emergency and Essential Surgical Care (EESC) programme www.who.int/surgery
INSERTION OF CHEST DRAIN NAV A B C D Mark incision just above rib in mid-axillary line; use nipple as a landmark so incision not too low (A) Prepare area with antiseptic; inject local anaesthetic in area of incision down to pleura Make small transverse incision just above rib to avoid vascular injury; (A, B) Using a pair of large curved artery forceps, go over top of rib, penetrate pleura bluntly, enlarge opening (C, D) 25 | Emergency and Essential Surgical Care (EESC) programme www.who.int/surgery
Page 1 and 2: EMERGENCY & TRAUMA CARE TRAINING CO
Page 3 and 4: Additional links to WHO Resources:
Page 5 and 6: MODULE 1 Principles and Techniques
Page 7 and 8: SIX PHASES OF TRAUMA CARE MANAGEMEN
Page 9 and 10: TRAUMA CARE MANAGEMENT Phase I Phas
Page 11 and 12: MAJOR TRAUMA Trauma mechanism: •
Page 13 and 14: PHASE I: TRIAGE Triage: sorting and
Page 15 and 16: AIRWAY Always assess the airway •
Page 17 and 18: TECHNIQUES FOR OPENING THE AIRWAY M
Page 19 and 20: AIRWAY Before attempting intubation
Page 21 and 22: INDICATIONS FOR CHEST DECOMPRESSION
Page 23: TENSION PNEUMOTHORAX • Air from l
Page 27 and 28: CIRCULATION: HAEMORRAGHIC SHOCK Ass
Page 29 and 30: CIRCULATION Obtain two large bore I
Page 31 and 32: DISABILITY or DAMAGE Checking for n
Page 33 and 34: GLASGOW COMA SCORE Eyes +Verbal + M
Page 35 and 36: EXPOSURE • Remove all patient's c
Page 37 and 38: PHASE III: SECONDARY SURVEY Head Ex
Page 39 and 40: REASSESSMENT • Always perform an
Page 41 and 42: Patient Referral and Transport 41 |
Page 43 and 44: DECISION MAKING Can we do procedure
Page 45 and 46: TRANSFER OF TRAUMA PATIENT Planning
Page 47 and 48: PATIENT SAFETY: Consent With invasi
Page 49 and 50: RECORD KEEPING Admission note/preop
Page 51 and 52: RECORD KEEPING Progress note - Need
Page 53 and 54: OXYGEN SUPPLEMENTATION • Reliable
Page 55 and 56: OXYGEN SUPPLEMENTATION • Start ox
Page 57 and 58: INTRAVENOUS ACCESS: Central veins F
Page 59 and 60: FLUIDS AND MEDICINES • Avoid flui
Page 61 and 62: SURGICAL CRICOTHYROIDOTOMY 4 • Ro
Page 63 and 64: Trauma in Children 63 | Emergency a
Page 65 and 66: TRAUMA IN CHILDREN Airway Breathing
Page 67 and 68: MANAGING THE AIRWAY IN A CHILD WITH
Page 69 and 70: LOGROLL IN SUSPECTED NECK TRAUMA
Page 71 and 72: OROPHARYNGEAL AIRWAYS • Can impro
Page 73 and 74: HOW TO GIVE OXYGEN 73 | Emergency a
Page 75 and 76:
INTRAVENOUS ACCESS IN CHILDREN •S
Page 77 and 78:
TRAUMA IN CHILDREN • Most sensiti
Page 79 and 80:
TRAUMA IN CHILDREN • Malnutrition
Page 81:
TRAUMA IN THE ELDERLY • Injury ri
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