Bulletin 23. Potash in the Greensands of NJ, 1923 - State of New ...

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C0 IqTElqTS. V Ree_ts of field work-Continued. Pa_e. Other areas ............................................................ 90 Jobstown .......................................................... 90 Sykeswille ........................................................ 91 Wfightstowa ..................................................... 91 Jacobstown ........................................................ 92 New Egypt ........................................................ 92 Hornerstown ...................................................... 93 Cream Ridge and Davis ........................................... 94 Marlboro ......................................................... 94 Freehold .......................................................... 95 Eatontown ........................................................ 96 Farmingdale ....................................................... 97 Poplar _nd Elberon ................................................ 99 Asbury Park ....................................................... 100 Ocean Grove ..................................................... t01 Sea Girt .......................................................... 101 Lakewood ........................................................ 102 Atlantic City ...................................................... 103 S_tmmary of field data and estimates ................................... 103 General estimates for entire marl belt ....................................... 106 Summary for lime sand .................................................... 107 Commercial development ................................................... 107 Outlook .................................................................. 110 Avallabihty of potash in greensand .......................................... 113 Earher views on %oricultural value ......................................... 115 Mechaaiesl analyses of greensund ........................................... 116 Nature of investigation ................................................ 116 ]Preparation of samples ................................................. 116 We_ separation ........................................................ 116 Magnetic aepamtion .................................................... 118 SLoe of grains .......................................................... 119 Skapes of grains ....................................................... 122 Summary ............................................................ 122 Chemical analyses of greensand ............................................ 122 Character aud number of analyses ....................................... 122 Composition of gree_d .............................................. 123 Composition of product_ of wet separation ............................... 125 ]Potash content of the fines .............................................. 125 Composition of glauconite ............................................... ]27 Water-soluble poOsh .................................................. 12s Acid solubility ....................................................... 129 Solubility and av_tlability .............................................. 129 Organic matter ....................................................... 130 ]Phosphoric acid and lime ............................................... 130 Accompanying water .................................................. 132 Enrichment .............................................................. 133 ]Potash ............................................................... 133 Other subsmnoos ....................................................... 135 Stratigraphic notes ......................................................... 135 Conditions of sedimentation ............................................... 137 Nature and otlgia of glaueobite ......... •.................................... 138 Index .................................................................... 143 NEW JERSEY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
\ ABSTRACT OF REPORT. The greensand marl belt of Now Jersey extends across the State from the vicinity of Sandy Hook at the northeast to Delaware River near Salem at the southwest, a distance of about 100 miles. It is crossed at many places by railroads and by streams that flow into Delaware River. The potash in the greensand marl occurs chiefly in the mineral glauconite, which is essentially a hydrous silicate of ferric iron and potassium. Nearly all the Cretaceous formations contain glaneonite, but tufty three contain sufficient amounts to be considered commercially important, though in some others it is locally abundant. These three are the Navesink (the lowermost), Hornerstown, and Manasquan marl% which are described respectively as 25 to 40_ 30, and 25 feet thick. The marl beds, which form part of the Coastal Plain strata, strike about N. 55° E, and dip about 33 feet to the mile southeast, but there are some v_riations. The gently inclined and poorly consolidated beds that compose the marl arc beveled by erosion and covered to a greater or less extent by later deposits. Five type areas were explored by borings and made the basis of specific estimates. These were at Salem and Woodstown, in Salem County; Sewell, in Gloucester County; Somerdale, in Camden County; and Elmwood Road, in Burlington County. The data gathered from borings were supplemented by well data, both published and unpublished, and by field data on file in the office of the State department of conservation and development. 'It is conservatively estimated that the New Jersey greensands contain 256,953,000 short tons of potash (K_O) that could be mined by open-pit methods. At the rate of importation for ths five years preceding the World War, including 1914, this quantity could supply the needs of the United States for nearly 1,000 years. Should it ever become practicable to use underground methods of mining, the available quantity of potash would be enormously increased. The lime sand in probable commercial thickness is exposed or has been recognized in wells as far north as Wrightstown. Four companies have undertaken to produce or utilize the potash from New Jersey greensand. Small quantities of potash have been produced and marketed by some of these companies, but none are now producing. The potash industry of the United States was dealt a NEW JERSEY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
Page 1 and 2: ..~ . OF"THE " "- . 'o ' /' -"" STA
Page 3 and 4: DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR ALBERT B
Page 5 and 6: CONTENTS. Page. Abstract of report
Page 7: ILLUSTRATIONS. Page. I%_TE I. Geolo
Page 11 and 12: POTASH IN THE GREENSANDS OF NEW JER
Page 13 and 14: INTEODUCTION. ?5 ° 74-* Ter_clarY
Page 15 and 16: GEIgE[_AL FEATITRES OF THE DEPOSITS
Page 17 and 18: NEW JERSEY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
Page 19 and 20: 8 POTASH II_ TItlE GREENSANDS OF NE
Page 21 and 22: l0 POTASH IN THE GREENSART)S OF NE;
Page 23 and 24: 12 POTASI_ IN THE GREE_SANDS OF NE_
Page 25 and 26: i in the board, to original structu
Page 27 and 28: NEW JERSEY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
Page 29 and 30: 16 POTASH IN THE GREENSANDS OF NEW
Page 31 and 32: FIELD WORK. 17 So much water was pr
Page 33 and 34: FIELD WORK. 19 Determinatian of wei
Page 35 and 36: SALEM DTSr_ICr. 21 All localities d
Page 37 and 38: _ALEM DISTRICT. _ NEW JERSEY GEOLOG
Page 39 and 40: SALE_ DISTRICT, _5 The northwestwar
Page 41 and 42: SALE_ DISTRICT. 27 Combined record
Page 43 and 44: SALE]_ DISTRICT. 29 ESTIMATES OF _0
Page 45 and 46: WOODSTOWl_ DISTRICT. 31 I_OL_S 5 TO
Page 47 and 48: "N \ black, _wg fr_m_ to i_ h_ch_si
Page 49 and 50: WOODSTOWN DISTRICT. 35 Although the
Page 51 and 52: WOODSTOWN DISTRICT. 37 shallower to
Page 53 and 54: WOODSTOW_ DISTRICT. 39 Record of we
Page 55 and 56: UTILIZATIOI_ O1_ T_ DEPOSITS. The o
Page 57 and 58: SEWELL DISTRICT. 43 Section along r
Page 59 and 60:
SEWELL DISTRICT.. 45 J. L. North fu
Page 61 and 62:
SEWELL DISTRICT. _ Records o/holes
Page 63 and 64:
7 J t d SEWE_ DISTalOT. J 49 1 Loca
Page 65 and 66:
SEWELL DISTRICT. 51 BORn_S OF WEST
Page 67 and 68:
SEWELL DISTRICT. 53 The water at 40
Page 69 and 70:
SEWELL DTSTEICT. - 55 Record of wvI
Page 71 and 72:
SI.]WEr_LDIST_CT. 57 In digging lay
Page 73 and 74:
BLAO]iW0OO. 59 The pits in tMs vici
Page 75 and 76:
NEW JERSEY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
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SOMERDALE DISTRICT. 63 Loea|itysd,
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_0_/£ERDALE DISTRICT. _5 material
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SOi_/[ERDALE DISTRICT. 67 March, 19
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_AKLTOZq DISTRIOT. 69 The field of
Page 85 and 86:
Page 87 and 88:
_/[ARLTO_ DISTRICT. 73 marl hag a m
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M_RL_0S DIST_ICW. 75 At this locali
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Page 93 and 94:
78 POTASH I_I THE GREEI_TSA)TDS OF
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_0 POTASH IN THE GRREI_SA]VDS OF NE
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82 POTASH IN THE GREEIqSANDS OF NEW
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w_c_x_.ow_... 88 The well of .Edwar
Page 101 and 102:
BII_I_INGIIA_/f AI_D PEMBERTOIq. 8_
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BIBI_INGI_LAI_I A_TD PEMBERTON. 87
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BIRMINGHAM AND PEI_IBEItTOICf. _9 O
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vc_m_Tsrow_. 91 A railroad traverse
Page 109 and 110:
HOI_N]_STOWI% 93 Reeard o/we]Z el w
Page 111 and 112:
_HOLD. 95 of them are now inactive
Page 113 and 114:
FAItMI_,'GDALE. 9 7 Analyses of sam
Page 115 and 116:
POPLAR Ai_ID ELBERO_. 99 A sample c
Page 117 and 118:
sgA Gmr. 101 Here the tIornerstown
Page 119 and 120:
SUIV[MARY Or FIELD DATA AND ESTII_A
Page 121 and 122:
SU_MAt_Y OF FIELD DATAANn ESTI_ATES
Page 123 and 124:
COM_ERCIAI, DF, YELOPI_EN T. 107 Th
Page 125 and 126:
COMI_ERCIAL DEVELOPIV_E NT, 109 N.
Page 127 and 128:
OUTLOOK. 111 As wilt be observed fr
Page 129 and 130:
AVAILABILITY OF POTASH I]V GREEIgSA
Page 131 and 132:
EARLIER VIEWS OI'_ &GF_ICULTU_AL VA
Page 133 and 134:
_EO_ANICAL A_ALYSES OF G_EENSA_D. 1
Page 135 and 136:
• i_EGHA],TICAL ANALYSES OF GREEI
Page 137 and 138:
Somerd_l¢ ......... G-gA,., Do ...
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_EC_IAI_ICAL AI_ALYSE$ OF GREENSAND
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MECHANICAL ANALYSES OF GREENSAND. 1
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_EO_A_CA_ A_ALI_ES OF G_EE_SA_Do _7
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_nCHA_IC_a. A_AL_SES oF QnEE_S_). 1
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I_ECHANICAL ANALYSES OF GREENSAND.
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-m I ENRICHmEnT. 133 In laboratory
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% STRATIGRAPHIC COMPARISONS OF BORI
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13_ POTASH IN THE GREENSANDS OF _EW
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l_ POTAS_I I_ THE GREENSANDS OF NEW
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140 POTASH IN THE GREENSANDS OF NEW
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14_ POTAS_ IN THE GREENS_I_DS OF NE
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144 I_D_x. Pag_ I. Pag_ _ldridge, J
Page 163 and 164:
146 I_DEX. P_g_ W. Page. gize of g_
Page 165:
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Bulletin 23. Potash in the Greensands of NJ, 1923 - State of New ...

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