Chemical Anchor Technical Handbook

Theory Section
Failure Modes
Chemical Anchoring
Contents Applications
Chemical Anchoring
Theory
Product Overview
Effects of Static
Loading
Modes
of Failure
Combined
Load
Anchor fastenings subjected to a continually increased load can cause the
failure patterns depicted here:
A B C C1 D
The cause of failure is determined by the weakest point in an anchor
fastening. The following modes of failure occur mostly when a pure
tensile load is placed on single anchors that are a sufficient distance from
an edge or the next anchor:
• break-out (A)
• anchor pull-away (B)
• failure of anchor parts (C/C1)
These failure causes govern the maximum loading capacity of anchors.
If the anchor is only a small distance from the edge, this may cause edge
breaking (D). In this case, the ultimate loads are smaller than those of the
previously mentioned modes of failure. In the cases of break-out, edge
breaking and anchor pull-away, the tensile strength of the fastening base
material is exceeded.
Product Overview
Chemical Anchoring
Theory
Contents Applications
Product Details
Shear Load
Additional
Information
Essentially, the same modes of failure take place under a combined load.
As the angle between the direction of the applied load and the anchor
axis increases, break-out (A) becomes less common.
A shell-like area of spall on one side of the anchor hole is generally caused
by shear loads. The anchor parts then suffer bending tension or shear failure.
However, the edge breaks away if the distance from an edge is small and the
shear load is towards the free edge of a building component.
Additional
Information
Product Details
1.4