BASEL II: PROBLEMS AND USAGE

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Depending on their legal form, universal banks are further classified into commercial, savings and mutual cooperative banks. This categorization is a characteristic feature of the German banking system and is often referred to as the three-pillar structure. Savings banks are banks which are owned by the federal, state or local municipalities, whereas mutual cooperative and commercial banks are privately owned. Mutual cooperative banks represent the largest sector comprising 60 percent of all banks in Germany at the end of 2008. In contrast, commercial banks and savings banks constitute only 14 and 23 percent, respectively. However, in order to obtain a better insight into the market structure, the amount of assets per banking sector should also be considered. The savings banks sector shows the largest share of total assets, accounting for 35 percent of total assets in the German banking system. This significant amount is a remarkable feature of the German banking structure. The commercial banks group, despite having the lowest number of banks among all three sectors, accounts for almost 30 percent of total assets compared to the cooperative banks sector with the largest number of banks and only 12 percent share in total assets of the whole banking industry. Due to the large number of banks and the fact that none of the groups has a significant market share, the German banking system is frequently described as having a highly fragmented structure. Figure 1 reflects the structure of the German banking system. Assets per Banking Group Specialized Banks Commercial Banks 23 % 30 % Number of Banks per Banking Group Specialized Banks 3 % Commercial Banks 14 % Mutual Cooperative Banks 12 % Savings Banks 35 % Mutual Cooperative Banks 60 % Savings Banks 23 % Figure 1. Number of Banks and Assets per Banking Group, 2007 2.1. Commercial Banks Within the group of commercial banks, three categories are distinguished, so called big banks, regional banks, and branches of foreign banks. Four big commercial banks include Deutsche Bank, Commerzbank, 14
HypoVereinsbank (HVB), and Postbank. 6 Whereas HVB and Postbank have emerged as big banks only in the late 20th century, Deutsche Bank and Commerzbank traditionally constitute the core of German commercial banking. The origin of Deutsche Bank and Commerzbank dates back to the 19th century. Both banks were established in 1870, however, they were split up into smaller banks after the Second World War. After the foundation of the Federal Republic of Germany, both banks were united again into single banks. Postbank, a former part of the German postal service, and HVB, a merger between two Bavarian banks, have joined the category of big banks in 2004 and 1999, respectively. The four big commercial banks constitute around 19 percent of total assets in the German banking industry (see table 1). 1987 1992 1997 2002 2007 Banks total Total Assets of Commercial Banks Commercial banks Big Commercial banks Regional commercial banks Table 1 Foreign Commercial banks N 4,468 314 6 157 59 TA 1,917 420 166 218 36 MS 100 22 9 11 2 N 4,407 336 4 196 56 TA 3,043 741 284 418 39 MS 100 24 9 14 1 N 3,414 326 3 187 77 TA 4,658 1,128 454 593 81 MS 100 25 10 13 2 N 2,365 273 4 186 83 TA 6,452 1,830 1,056 655 109 MS 100 28 16 10 2 N 2,016 260 5 159 96 TA 7,626 2,257 1,404 690 163 MS 100 30 19 9 2 N – number of banks, TA – total assets in billions of euro, MS – market share. 6 Before its acquisition by the Commerzbank in 2008, Dresdner Bank also belonged to the category of big commercial banks. 15
Page 1 and 2: 0/@39 77. =?
Page 3 and 4: 1
Page 5 and 6: II. Sadvokasova K.G FEATURES OF ORG
Page 7 and 8: 7;A?
Page 9 and 10: The adoption of the Capital Accord
Page 11 and 12: We express our gratitude to our col
Page 13: In order to create a legal basis fo
Page 17 and 18: The savings banks pillar of the Ger
Page 19 and 20: Number of banks 3500 3000 2500 2000
Page 21 and 22: However, the commercial banks secto
Page 23 and 24: 4.2. Supervisory Authorities Wherea
Page 25 and 26: With the amendments to the Banking
Page 27 and 28: The MaRisk contains comprehensive r
Page 29 and 30: Approach in 2008. Therefore, only a
Page 31 and 32: 5.2.1. Receiver Operating Character
Page 33 and 34: 5.2.3. Stochastic Tendency Stochast
Page 35 and 36: anks applying the LDA use the Poiss
Page 37 and 38: 7. Deutsche Bundesbank (2007): The
Page 39 and 40: There are several reasons why Hong
Page 41 and 42: comply with its regulations. The SF
Page 43 and 44: eview of an AI’s operations. The
Page 45 and 46: isk management. In addition, the HK
Page 47 and 48: data reveal deteriorated asset qual
Page 49 and 50: the saving deposit rate offered by
Page 51 and 52: Although to Lehman Brothers and AIG
Page 53 and 54: out warnings beforehand. Similarly,
Page 55 and 56: in the implementation of monetary a
Page 57 and 58: (see Jao 1997 for details). Hong Ko
Page 59 and 60: 9. (1999) “Free Banking and Infor
Page 61 and 62: Appendix 1 Performance of the Hong
Page 63 and 64: Timotej Jagric Professor Department
Page 65 and 66:
was in the following period dominat
Page 67 and 68:
gazette of RS, No. 131/06) allowed
Page 69 and 70:
In Slovenia the loan-to-value ratio
Page 71 and 72:
lending for needs not related to th
Page 73 and 74:
Banking supervisors examines whethe
Page 75 and 76:
Slovenian financial system) and lea
Page 77 and 78:
Ownership structure of the Slovenia
Page 79 and 80:
implementation of the IRB approach
Page 81 and 82:
and implement them. Besides direct
Page 83 and 84:
Banka Slovenije recommended that ba
Page 85 and 86:
domestic enterprises, and would hel
Page 87 and 88:
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Okan Veli Şafakli
Page 89 and 90:
’% 16/?/1A3?7@A71@ /;2 :/7; 7;271
Page 91 and 92:
When analyzed at current prices, fr
Page 93 and 94:
Sectoral Distribution of Working Po
Page 95 and 96:
(% A63 ?35B9/A
Page 97 and 98:
)% /@@3@@:3;A
Page 99 and 100:
G.S. Seytkasimov The rector of the
Page 101 and 102:
were instrumental in creating the c
Page 103 and 104:
The operations carried out by these
Page 105 and 106:
The main characteristics of the ban
Page 107 and 108:
in the sphere of accounting and rep
Page 109 and 110:
tasks were determined with orientat
Page 111 and 112:
K.G. Sadvokasova Cand.Econ.Sci., th
Page 113 and 114:
of RK, which it executed till 2004,
Page 115 and 116:
Track record of the changes in the
Page 117 and 118:
But since 2004 with the creation of
Page 119 and 120:
A.A. Mycina The Doctor of Economics
Page 121 and 122:
Data about the banks of the second
Page 123 and 124:
Years Indicators of banks of the se
Page 125 and 126:
cent in 2002 to 31,3 per cent (3,5
Page 127 and 128:
increased nearly twofold - from 521
Page 129 and 130:
The indicators of the ownership cap
Page 131 and 132:
change in the following 2002: the r
Page 133 and 134:
Table 22 continued Figures in billi
Page 135 and 136:
The instability on the global marke
Page 137 and 138:
K.G. Sadvokasova Cand.Econ.Sci., th
Page 139 and 140:
elationship that is affiliated as a
Page 141 and 142:
To strengthen control over the acti
Page 143 and 144:
K.G. Sadvokasova Cand. Econ. Sci.,
Page 145 and 146:
In the IMF document “Quality of f
Page 147 and 148:
1
Page 149 and 150:
Doc. Ing. Frantisek Pavelka CSc. He
Page 151 and 152:
slight overvaluation of their quali
Page 153 and 154:
f) the bank must have a programme o
Page 155 and 156:
From that by approach: BIA 0,92 %,
Page 157 and 158:
2002, banks are also required to ha
Page 159 and 160:
anks (judging by ballansovoy cost m
Page 161 and 162:
• UniCredit Bank CR, a.s.; • Ko
Page 163 and 164:
although a limited degree. From Boh
Page 165 and 166:
Initially the new century for the b
Page 167 and 168:
Table 1 Some indicators of banking
Page 169 and 170:
opinion of supervisors, as well as
Page 171 and 172:
II posts. Market discipline means t
Page 173 and 174:
To determine the credit risk is the
Page 175 and 176:
The borrower who does not have an e
Page 177 and 178:
• financial institutions - primar
Page 179 and 180:
Table 4 Distribution of commercial
Page 181 and 182:
2.4. Evaluation results of the new
Page 183 and 184:
once a year to 30 June on the inter
Page 185 and 186:
Ing.Oldřich Knaifl CSc. Head of Fi
Page 187 and 188:
Internal Ratings-Based Approach to
Page 189 and 190:
Capital Requirement + Expected Loss
Page 191 and 192:
A.O. Yepiphanov Doctor of Economics
Page 193 and 194:
continued to work with the status o
Page 195 and 196:
Among the peculiarities of banking
Page 197 and 198:
Table 1 The main indexes of banking
Page 199 and 200:
Speaking about the correlation of d
Page 201 and 202:
insuring of liquidity and profitabi
Page 203 and 204:
In 2008 under the influence of the
Page 205 and 206:
Index Race of core capital increase
Page 207 and 208:
The indexes of foreign capital pres
Page 209 and 210:
over during the financial crisis, f
Page 211 and 212:
An important moment in the developm
Page 213 and 214:
• the third component-basis “Ma
Page 215 and 216:
215
Page 217 and 218:
According to the data from the tabl
Page 219 and 220:
The requirements as to banking repo
Page 221 and 222:
From the point of view of formation
Page 223 and 224:
Let’s consider in details the pec
Page 225 and 226:
of Ukraine” [20]. This document s
Page 227 and 228:
Table 12 continued № Title of the
Page 229 and 230:
9. Поченчук Г.М. Проб
Page 231 and 232:
Type of the financial reporting Qua
Page 233 and 234:
Appendix 3 The general list of note
Page 235 and 236:
Appendix 4 Assessment of interest r
Page 237 and 238:
№ № of reporting form 15 618 16
Page 239 and 240:
№ of the table 1 2 Appendix 7 Inf
show all

BASEL II: PROBLEMS AND USAGE

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?