Michigan Forest Communities - Michigan Association of ...

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17 Southern Lake-plain Oak-Hardwood Openings R Habitat Where present, this community type occupies poorly drained clay soils or sandy soils underlain by clay in the plain formed by meltwaters from the Wisconsin glacier. This flat or gently undulating plain extends inland up to 30 or 40 miles from the shores of lakes Erie and St. Clair and Saginaw Bay. Some of these lowland habitats are inundated in the spring, but during a dry summer they can become droughty. Sandy former stream channels and dunes are interspersed throughout the lake plains; on some of these dry-mesic or xeric habitats, dry oak forests (Type 8) are found in association with the present type. Historically, these savannas occurred in a mosaic with sandy oak flatwoods, hardwood swamps, and wet or mesic prairies. The greater Detroit area and shoreline developments now occupy much of the southernmost part of this habitat. 112
Southern Lakeplain Openings Many former openings have grown into closed oak forests. Signature trees • Bur oak • Pin oak • Swamp white oak • Eastern cottonwood Other common trees • Red maple • Silver maple • Green ash • Quaking aspen • Black cherry • Shagbark hickory Associated plants Shrubs mostly are characteristic of moist habitats: • American hazelnut • Shining sumac • Chokeberry • Buttonbush • Red-osier dogwood • Pale dogwood • Michigan holly • Autumn olive* • Blueleaf willow • Heartleaf willow 113
Page 1 and 2: Michigan Forest Communities A Field
Page 3 and 4: CONTENTS Acknowledgments . . . . .
Page 5 and 6: ACKNOWLEDGMENTS O ne does not trave
Page 7 and 8: INTRODUCTION Forests are continuall
Page 9 and 10: A SHORT HISTORY OF MICHIGAN FORESTS
Page 11 and 12: ECOLOGY OF MICHIGAN FORESTS • The
Page 13 and 14: MICHIGAN FOREST COMMUNITY TYPES A f
Page 15 and 16: MICHIGAN FOREST COMMUNITY TYPES ✔
Page 17 and 18: MICHIGAN FOREST COMMUNITY TYPES ✔
Page 19 and 20: 1 Southern Deciduous (Hardwood) Swa
Page 21 and 22: WETLAND FOREST COMMUNITIES Distribu
Page 23 and 24: WETLAND FOREST COMMUNITIES • Nort
Page 25 and 26: 3 Northern Hardwood-Conifer Swamps
Page 27 and 28: 4 Northern Rich Conifer (Cedar) Swa
Page 29 and 30: 6 Southern Mesic Deciduous (Maple-B
Page 31 and 32: CLOSED-CANOPY UPLAND FOREST COMMUNI
Page 33 and 34: Southern Dry-Mesic Oak Forests Sign
Page 35 and 36: 11 Northern Dry-Mesic Pine Forests
Page 37: Part III. Open-Canopy Upland Forest
Page 41 and 42: 18 Southern Oak Barrens R Habitat T
Page 43 and 44: Southern Oak Barrens Northern dewbe
Page 45 and 46: 19 Northern Pine and Oak Barrens R
Page 47 and 48: OPEN-CANOPY UPLAND FOREST COMMUNITI
Page 49 and 50: Great Lake Barrens Trees in barrens
Page 51 and 52: 21 Northern Balds, Cliffs, and Bedr
Page 53 and 54: Balds, Cliffs, and Glades Distribut
Page 55 and 56: OPEN-CANOPY UPLAND FOREST COMMUNITI
Page 57 and 58: BIRDS AND MAMMALS ASSOCIATED WITH F
Page 59 and 60: FIELD GUIDES TO SPECIES IDENTIFICAT
Page 61 and 62: ADDITIONAL REFERENCES Cleland, D.T.
Page 63 and 64: LATIN NAMES OF SHRUBS, GROUND FLORA
Page 65 and 66: LATIN NAMES OF SHRUBS, GROUND FLORA

Michigan Forest Communities - Michigan Association of ...

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