Agribusiness Handbook: Milk / Dairy Products - FAO

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Table 23: Milk production in the ETCs (thousand tons) Armenia ETCs Species 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 Azerbaijan Georgia Kyrgyzstan Cow 498.1 535.8 573.8 598.0 613.0 Goat 2.2 3.1 3.3 5.9 3.7 Sheep 13.4 16.3 17.5 30.8 19.5 Cow 1,147.0 1,188.6 1,226.1 1,273.0 1,301.0 Goat 5.4 5.5 5.5 5.4 5.5 Sheep 15.4 19.7 20.3 21.2 21.7 Cow 743.3 755.0 760.8 690.0 734.0 Goat 2.6 3.0 3.2 2.9 2.9 Sheep 19.2 22.3 23.7 21.5 21.1 Cow 1,159.2 1,132.5 1,151.4 1,165.2 1,192.0 Goat 2.1 2.9 8.2 8.3 8.5 Sheep 30.5 29.3 38.0 38.6 40.0 Cow 570.2 604.0 627.1 595.3 573.2 Republic of Moldova Goat 5.5 6.0 10.4 12.2 11.5 Sheep 17.4 17.7 21.1 19.9 18.8 Cow 292.4 328.6 300.0 325.0 335.0 Mongolia Goat 29.5 29.0 30.0 30.0 32.0 Sheep 25.0 28.0 28.0 30.0 32.0 Tajikistan Cow 424.8 450.4 488.0 494.0 529.0 Goat 34.4 39.8 45.0 50.9 54.6 Cow 4,024.6 4,211.9 4,447.2 4,821.4 5,121.0 Uzbekistan Goat 65.2 68.4 107.5 34.2 36.3 Sheep 420.0 400.0 450.0 500.0 500.0 Total ETCs All 9,547.4 9,897.8 10,386.1 10,773.7 11,206.3 Source: FAO 4.2.2 Azerbaijan Following the breakdown of the Soviet system, the dairy industry in Azerbaijan collapsed and has yet to recover. Some 900,000 milk animals produce 1.3 million tons of milk a year, with an average yield of 1,300 kg/cow. Farming practices suffer from the lack of breeding policy or genetic inputs, poor cow housing and no infrastructure to enable milk delivery to dairies. It is understood that there are about 30 dairies in the country. The largest is Milk Pro, which operates two 35
plants. The plant in Golchai is the largest in the country, and processes between 25 and 50 tons of milk per day, depending on the season. The other plant is in the capital Baku, where most of the other dairy plants are located. These are generally small: six are estimated to process 5 tons of milk/day, for example. 4.2.3 Georgia Livestock, especially cattle, are an important part of subsistence family livelihoods in Georgia. Primarily, they are a source of milk for consumption and conversion into cheese. According to a statistical survey conducted in 2007, individual farmers are responsible for 99.7% of Georgia’s milk production. Most of the increase in overall milk consumption has been covered by local production, thereby reducing the dependency on imports and increasing the self-sufficiency ratio from 68% in 1995 to 75% in 2005. The increase in total milk production was mainly due to an increased number of cows. Animal productivity is significantly limited by lack of access to veterinary services and animal health products and services, as well as expensive animal feed and poor-quality forage, and average milk yields are about 1,000 kg/cow. In 2007, the Russian dairy giant Wimm-Bill-Dann bought the third largest dairy producer in Georgia and has invested USD 500,000 in modernization of the 80-ton/day dairy plant, to serve the local market as well as the Azeri and Armenian markets. 4.2.4 Kyrgyzstan In Kyrgyzstan, 87% of the agricultural land is pasture. The livestock sector is the most important activity on marginal lands and high-altitude pastures. It is dominated by cattle, followed by goats, sheep, horses and yaks. Kyrgyzstan has about 1.1 million head of cattle, tended by about 350,000 small farmers. The dairy herd produces about 1.2 million tons of milk, for a total farm-gate value of USD 170 million. Smallholders sell production in excess of on-farm consumption to traders, who then sell to three outlets: the local fresh market, processors and exporters. Export activities dominate in the areas bordering Kazakhstan, with Kazakh milk processors sending tankers to collect raw milk. Adverse weather conditions over the last three years have put enormous pressure on the feed base. With limited fodder, milk production has declined significantly. Soaring food and fuel prices and declining remittances are forcing farmers (apart from the four to five large dairy farms that grow their own crops for use in prepared feeds) to sell livestock. As a consequence, the dairy processing industry has been developing rapidly for the last several years, while milk production has been relatively stagnant. The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) has recently invested in the Kyrgyz dairy sector. In 2008, it acquired a 34% stake 36
Page 1 and 2: agribusiness handbook Milk / Dairy
Page 3 and 4: This handbook is part of a series o
Page 6: INTRODUCTION Lactating mammals prod
Page 9 and 10: Table 2: Milking animals and yields
Page 11 and 12: ill. In developed countries, the po
Page 13 and 14: the latest EU members, the process
Page 15 and 16: 1.8 Costs and margins of milk produ
Page 18 and 19: 2. MILK PROCESSING 2.1 General The
Page 20 and 21: Figure 2: Cheese manufacturing proc
Page 22 and 23: Table 9: The world’s top dairy co
Page 24 and 25: 2.5 Dairy product prices Table 12:
Page 26 and 27: 3. THE WORLD DAIRY MARKET World mil
Page 28 and 29: World production of powered whole-
Page 30 and 31: ecause of the rise in dairy product
Page 32 and 33: 4. THE WESTERN BALKAN COUNTRIES (WB
Page 34 and 35: 4.1.3 The former Yugoslav Republic
Page 38 and 39: in Siut Bulak to support the compan
Page 40 and 41: Figure 3: Development of cattle own
Page 42 and 43: milk and yogurt, butter and cheese.
Page 44 and 45: 4.4 Consumption and trade in the ET
Page 46 and 47: 4.4.5 Georgia Consumption of milk a
Page 48: and the farm structure is fragmente

Agribusiness Handbook: Milk / Dairy Products - FAO

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