Changeover - I International Congress On Rail Transport ...

JOINT OPERATION OF DIFFERENT
CHARACTERISTICS RAILWAYS
NETWORKS.
INFRASTRUCTURE SOLUTIONS
Ruth de San Dámaso Martín
rsdamaso@adif.es

3 WAYS TO SOLVE THE GAUGE COMPATIBILITY
PROBLEM IN THE SPANISH NETWORK
Changeover facilities and axles changing installations
Multiple gauge sleeper and third rail
2 HIGH-SPEED RAILWAY NETWORK EXECUTIVE DIRECTION

CHANGEOVER
INSTALLATIONS
Spanish Railways need to transfer rail traffic between High
Speed lines (UIC gauge 1,435 mm) and Conventional lines
(Iberian gauge 1,668 mm).
The fact is that it´s not only necessary inside the Iberian
peninsula but also to connect with Europe through the
French border.
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HIGH-SPEED RAILWAY NETWORK EXECUTIVE DIRECTION

CHANGEOVER
AUTOMATIC TRACK GAUGE CHANGEOVER IN SPAIN
260.000 trains, 325.000.000 passengers since 1969
60 High speed trains change track gauge daily.
Trains change gauge and electrification system at 15 Km/h
without stopping.
Changeover operations in High Speed Lines for
2.009
L.A.V. Madrid – Barcelona
L.A.V. Madrid – Valladolid
L.A.V. Madrid – Sevilla
8.030
Operations
10.950
Operations
5.056
Operations
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HIGH-SPEED RAILWAY NETWORK EXECUTIVE DIRECTION

CHANGEOVER
INSTALLATIONS IN SPAIN
1969- First TALGO changeover facility in Portbou
1981- Second changeover facility in Irun
1992 – Connection of conventional lines (1668 mm) with the
first Spanish High Speed Line Madrid-Sevilla in UIC gauge
(1435 mm)
2000 –Development of dual changeover facility for Talgo and
CAF trains.
2008 – Integration of both TALGO and CAF systems in the
same platform and the latest innovation: CAF + TALGO + DB
RAFIL / SUW 2000 platform
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HIGH-SPEED RAILWAY NETWORK EXECUTIVE DIRECTION

CHANGEOVER
Changeover facilities for passenger traffic. 2009
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HIGH-SPEED RAILWAY NETWORK EXECUTIVE DIRECTION

CHANGEOVER
TECHNOLOGIES
The technologies developed by TALGO and CAF are based on
the same principles but are not geometrically compatible.
ADIF has integrated both technologies in an unique
installation called dual changeover facility
(cambiador dual).
Currently there are 8 dual changeover facilities in use for
commercial passenger trains.
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HIGH-SPEED RAILWAY NETWORK EXECUTIVE DIRECTION

CHANGEOVER
TECHNOLOGIES
First development. Turnable Dual Changeover
8
HIGH-SPEED RAILWAY NETWORK EXECUTIVE DIRECTION

CHANGEOVER
TECHNOLOGIES
Second development. Horizontal Dual
Changeover
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HIGH-SPEED RAILWAY NETWORK EXECUTIVE DIRECTION

CHANGEOVER
TECHNOLOGIES
Third development. Both technologies by means of a
single platform
TCRS 3 allows the automatic
gauge change of both TALGO
and CAF technologies by means
of a single platform with
Track Gauge Interoperability
Different track gauges in different European
countries.
- Time reduction to
moving elements. Main
features:
commutate from one to the
other technology.
- Space reduction for the
whole system.
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HIGH-SPEED RAIL NETWORK EXECUTIVE DIRECTION

CHANGEOVER
TECHNOLOGIES
Unification of wheel’s displacement guide rails for both TALGO
and CAF technologies. The elastic TALGO system is adopted as
the common element.
TCRS3 Prototype. TALGO
position
TCRS3 Prototype. CAF
position
Track Gauge Interoperability
Different track gauges in different European
countries.
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HIGH-SPEED RAIL NETWORK EXECUTIVE DIRECTION

CHANGEOVER
TECHNOLOGIES
TCRS3 Prototype
12 HIGH-SPEED RAIL NETWORK EXECUTIVE DIRECTION

CHANGEOVER
TECHNOLOGIES
Latest innovation. UNICHANGER (TCRS 4)
CAF + TALGO + SUW 2000/RAFIL – DB platform
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HIGH-SPEED RAIL NETWORK EXECUTIVE DIRECTION

CHANGEOVER
OPERATION
As the train goes through the changing installation at a speed
in between 10 and 20 Km/h, the weight is shifted from the
wheels to a set of external bearings attached to the shafts
and then, the wheels are moved to the new position by a set
of guides embedded in the installation.
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HIGH-SPEED RAILWAY NETWORK EXECUTIVE DIRECTION

CHANGEOVER
OPERATION
There are two type of operations in an automatic changeover
installation depending of the type of trains being used:
• Towed trains. (Old TALGO trains without automatic gauge
changer in tractor heads)
• Auto propelled trains (New TALGO and CAF trains with
automatic gauge changer in driving shafts)
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HIGH-SPEED RAILWAY NETWORK EXECUTIVE DIRECTION

CHANGEOVER
THE OPERATION WITH TOWED TRAINS
The operation with towed trains takes the following steps :
1. Arrival of the train, detaching and parking tractor head.
6 minutes.
2. Passing of the first shaft through the changeover installation,
normally using the force of gravity.
3 minutes.
3. Attaching the tractor head on the other side.
4 minutes.
4. Pulling the rest of the train through the changeover
installation.
2 minutes.
Total used time
15 minutes
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HIGH-SPEED RAILWAY NETWORK EXECUTIVE DIRECTION

CHANGEOVER
TALGO OPERATIONS
Operations with TALGO serial VII (Towed Train) in the
changeover facility of Plasencia de Jalón (Zaragoza).
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HIGH-SPEED RAILWAY NETWORK EXECUTIVE DIRECTION

CHANGEOVER
TALGO OPERATIONS
Operations with TALGO serial VI (Towed Train) in the
changeover facility of Medina del Campo (Valladolid).
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HIGH-SPEED RAILWAY NETWORK EXECUTIVE DIRECTION

CHANGEOVER
THE OPERATION WITH SELF PROPELLED TRAINS
The operation with self propelled trains is made in less than a
minute.
The train enters the changeover installation at a speed
between 10 and 20 Km/h and automatically commutes
traction, brakes and voltage.
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HIGH-SPEED RAILWAY NETWORK EXECUTIVE DIRECTION

CHANGEOVER
THE OPERATION WITH SELF PROPELLED TRAINS
Serial 130 (TALGO) in
Valdestillas, Valladolid.
Serial 120 (CAF) in
Puigverd, Lleida.
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HIGH-SPEED RAILWAY NETWORK EXECUTIVE DIRECTION

CHANGEOVER
THE OPERATION WITH SELF PROPELLED TRAINS
Serial 120 (CAF) in
Valdestillas, Valladolid.
Serial BT (TALGO) in Campo
Grande, Valladolid.
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HIGH-SPEED RAILWAY NETWORK EXECUTIVE DIRECTION

CHANGEOVER
INSTALLATIONS IN SPAIN
SYMBOLS
T
Talgo Changeover
C
CAF Changeover
T/C
Dual Changeover
Vertical Talgo / CAF T/C
Dual Changeover Horizontal
Talgo / CAF
UIC gauge (1.435 mm)
Iberian gauge
(1.668 mm)
Mixed gauge (1.668
/1435 mm)
End of line
Cars of dragging
It indicates the direction of
raise of a ramp bigger than
3 mm/m
station
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HIGH-SPEED RAILWAY NETWORK EXECUTIVE DIRECTION

CHANGEOVER
INSTALLATIONS IN SPAIN
First Generation Changeover
Changeover of Portou (1969-)
Portbou
T
to Cerbere
to Cerbere and
Perpignan
España
Túnel de Balitres
Francia
Changeover of Irún (1981-)
Irún
T
España
to Hendaya
to Hendaya
and
Burdeos
Francia
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HIGH-SPEED RAILWAY NETWORK EXECUTIVE DIRECTION

CHANGEOVER
INSTALLATIONS IN SPAIN
Second generation Changeover
Changeover of Madrid-Atocha (1992-)
Madrid-Atocha
Cercanías
Madrid-Puerta de
Atocha
Changeover of Córdoba (1992-2006)
T
to Entrevías and Alcalá
to Santa
Catalina
to Cerro Negro and Barcelona to Madrid
to Ciudad Real and Sevilla
to Sevilla
to Valchillón and
Málaga
T
Córdoba
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HIGH-SPEED RAILWAY NETWORK EXECUTIVE DIRECTION

CHANGEOVER
INSTALLATIONS IN SPAIN
Second generation Changeover
Changeover of Majarabique, Sevilla (1993-Talgo and 1999-CAF)
to Huelva
to Sevilla and Cádiz
C
T
Majarabique (Apt.)
to Madrid
Changeover of Lleida (2003-2006)
to Manresa and Barcelona
Lleida
Pirineus
Section in service since march 2006
to Reus and
Tarragona
to Bif. Artesa de Lleida
to Madrid
T
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HIGH-SPEED RAIL NETWORK EXECUTIVE DIRECTION

CHANGEOVER
INSTALLATIONS IN SPAIN
Third generation Changeover
Experimental changeover of Río Adaja (2001-2008)
to Medina
del Campo
T/C
to Olmedo
de Adaja
Changeover of Plasencia de Jalón (2003)
to Madrid
Plasencia de
Jalón (Apt.)
T/C
to Grisén and
Zaragoza
to Zaragoza
and Lleida
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HIGH-SPEED RAIL NETWORK EXECUTIVE DIRECTION

CHANGEOVER
INSTALLATIONS IN SPAIN
Changeover of Zaragoza Delicias (2003)
to Casetas and
Madrid
to Bif. Moncasi and
Madrid
T/C
La Almozara
Zaragoza
Delicias
Changeover of Huesca (2003-2007)
to Jaca and
Canfranc
to Tardienta
and Zaragoza
C
Huesca
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HIGH-SPEED RAIL NETWORK EXECUTIVE DIRECTION

CHANGEOVER
INSTALLATIONS IN SPAIN
Changeover of Puigverd (2006-2007)
to Bif. Artesa de Lleida
and Madrid
to Lleida
C
Puigverd de Lleida
to l´Espluga and Roda (in
service since dic 06)
to Borges and
Reus
Changeover of Roda de Bará (2006-2008)
to Casetas and
Madrid
to Bif. Artesa de
Lleida and Madrid
T/C
T/C
Roda de Bará
Bonastre
to St.Vicenç de
Calders and
Barcelona
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HIGH-SPEED RAIL NETWORK EXECUTIVE DIRECTION

CHANGEOVER
INSTALLATIONS IN SPAIN
Changeover of Antequera-Santa Ana (2006)
to Córdoba and
Madrid (LAV)
Antequera
Santa Ana
T/C
a Málaga (LAV en construcción)
T/C
to Antequera and
Granada
a Fuente from Piedra and
Córdoba (Eje.Transv.)
to Fuente from Piedra and
Córdoba
to Bobadilla,
Algeciras and
Málaga
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HIGH-SPEED RAIL NETWORK EXECUTIVE DIRECTION

CHANGEOVER
INSTALLATIONS IN SPAIN
Changeover of Valdestillas and Valladolid (2007)
to Olmedo and Madrid Ch (LAV)
to Valladolid (access
underground in the future)
T/C
to Medina and Madrid P.Pío
Valdestillas
to Viana and Hendaya
to Valladolid (provisional)
El Pinar
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HIGH-SPEED RAIL NETWORK EXECUTIVE DIRECTION

CHANGEOVER
INSTALLATIONS IN SPAIN
Changeover of Campo Grande (2007)
to Olmedo and Madrid
Ch. (LAV)
to Medina and Madrid P.Pío
to Argales
Valladolid
C.G.
Valladolid
C.G.
T/C
to La Esperanza
and La Carrera
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HIGH-SPEED RAIL NETWORK EXECUTIVE DIRECTION

CHANGEOVER
INSTALLATIONS IN SPAIN
Changeover of Medina del Campo (2008)
to Valladolid and
Hendaya
to Zamora and
Orense
MEDINA DEL
CAMPO
T/C
to Río Adaja (experimental railway track OM)
and Olmedo
to Salamanca and
Portugal
to Gomeznarro
and Madrid P.Pío
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HIGH-SPEED RAIL NETWORK EXECUTIVE DIRECTION

CHANGEOVER
INSTALLATIONS IN SPAIN
Changeover of Madrid Chamartín (2007)
to Madrid At.Cercanías and Alicante
to Pitis and Pinar
to Madrid Hortaleza, Barcelona and Burgos
Vía 15
T/C
to Fuencarral
Taller 1.435
Vía 16
to Segovia and Valladolid
33
HIGH-SPEED RAIL NETWORK EXECUTIVE DIRECTION

CHANGEOVER
INSTALLATIONS IN SPAIN
Changeover of Alcolea de Córdoba (2009)
to Puertollano
and Madrid-Atocha (LAV)
to Jaén and Alcázar
de San Juan
T/C
to Córdoba and
Sevilla (LAV)
to Sevilla
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HIGH-SPEED RAIL NETWORK EXECUTIVE DIRECTION

AXIS-CHANGING
CONECTION WITH CONVENTIONAL RAILWAY
NETWORK DURING CONSTRUCTION.
Axis-changing devices built at Construction Bases
• Useful only for construction trains and machines.
• Instalations are usually left to help further maintenance.
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HIGH-SPEED RAIL NETWORK EXECUTIVE DIRECTION

MULTIPLE GAUGE SLEEPERS
BOTH GAUGES
• Sleepers with possibility of track assembly in both gauges
that allows to change conventional lines to standard gauge in
the future (developed in 1989).
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HIGH-SPEED RAILWAY NETWORK EXECUTIVE DIRECTION

MULTIPLE GAUGE SLEEPERS
TECHNOLOGIES
37
HIGH-SPEED RAILWAY NETWORK EXECUTIVE DIRECTION

THREE-RAILS SLEEPERS
TWO GAUGES AT SAME TIME
•Developed in 1999. Sleepers with both gauges that allows
operate simultaneously trains in Spanish and Standard
gauge.
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HIGH-SPEED RAILWAY NETWORK EXECUTIVE DIRECTION

THREE-RAILS SLEEPERS
TWO GAUGES AT SAME TIME
Detail of fastening
of closer rails,
possible with
Pandrol or SKL-1
clip.
Finished Railtrack
39
HIGH-SPEED RAILWAY NETWORK EXECUTIVE DIRECTION

THREE-RAILS SLEEPERS
SWITCH GEARS:
Mixed gauge switch
Change of side rail
40
HIGH-SPEED RAILWAY NETWORK EXECUTIVE DIRECTION

THREE-RAILS SLEEPERS
Three Rails Railroad. 2009 scenario
Olmedo –
Medina del Campo
Tardienta –
Huesca Girona –
Figueres
41
HIGH-SPEED RAILWAY NETWORK EXECUTIVE DIRECTION

THREE-RAILS SLEEPERS
ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS: CONTACT LINE EFFECTS
42
HIGH-SPEED RAILWAY NETWORK EXECUTIVE DIRECTION

THREE-RAILS SLEEPERS
SEPARATION OF ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS
• 25 kV A.C. 3 kV D.C.
• It´s needed to aisolate the catenary and returns
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HIGH-SPEED RAILWAY NETWORK EXECUTIVE DIRECTION

THREE-RAILS SLEEPERS
EFFECTS ON SAFETY SYSTEMS: ASFA BALISE DOUBLE WIDE
ASFA DOUBLE-WIDE BALISE
ASFA CONVENTIONAL-WIDE BALISE
ASFA DOUBLE-WIDE BALISE wider and
centered with the two axes to get
onboard detection equipment both in
Iberian width and International width.
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HIGH-SPEED RAILWAY NETWORK EXECUTIVE DIRECTION

THREE-RAILS SLEEPERS
EFFECTS ON SAFETY SYSTEMS : WIDTH DETECTION
Detection is needed to properly define wide
pathways depending on the width of each
change in the act.
It is possible to have two trains of different
widths in a same track circuit.
The wide detection is performed by axle
counters.
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HIGH-SPEED RAILWAY NETWORK EXECUTIVE DIRECTION

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION
Ruth De San Dámaso Martín
rsdamaso@adif.es