Understanding Neutron Radiography

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These devices are commercially available. In reactor-based NR-facilities using automatic NR-film cameras, ionization of the ambient air by the gamma radiation neutralizes the static electricity produced during stepwise film displacement. Felt pads are here sufficient for dust removal. In order to limit the effects arising from self-decomposition, the nitrocellulose film should only be kept for short periods in closed confinements. Appropriate ventilation for removal of the nitrous gases should be applied in all other cases. It is strongly recommende that unused film is stored in a cool and dry environment at approx. 4°C and at a max. Relative humidity of 50%, away from any heat or source of ignition. Because the decomposition process is continuous, it is further proposed to take photographic copies of the exposed and processed nitrocellulose film which can then be destroyed. National and international regulations for transportation, storage, inspection and destruction of inflammable solid matter apply to nitrocellulose film also. Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang Practical.NR Chapter 7
Following recommendations and regulations should be considered by the users of nitrocellulose film: 1. Due to classification in the category of dangerous materials, the transportation by air or at the ground should be only performed by companies specialized in this field. Shipment as standard mail is prohibited. 2. Storage in small quantities is recommended. Storage should never be performed in metallic containers, but always in containers made of paper, cardboard or wood. 3. The storage boxes or containers should never be sealed in order to allow ventilation of the film. Foldings for closing of boxes or containers should be used instead of adhesive tape. 4. Rooms which are used for storage of more than 2 kg of nitrocellulose film should be fireproof, ventilated by forced ventilation system and be marked as a room containing inflammable material. Check on selfdecomposition once per year if the above mentioned and recommended storage conditions and temperature are maintained, otherwise once per 3 months. Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang Practical.NR Chapter 7
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Understanding Neutron Radiography R
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Neutron Source-Cyclotron Charlie Ch
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Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
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3. Techniques/Calibrations • Bloc
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Greek Alphabet Charlie Chong/ Fion
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Why Neutron Radiography? "finding l
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Screen Types-1 1. Transfer screen-i
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IVONA TTS Capable. Charlie Chong/ F
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Reading-1 ASNTHBVol4Chapter16 Charl
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FIGURE 1. Electric bridge wire squi
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FIGURE 1. Electric bridge wire squi
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FIGURE 2. Comparison of neutron rad
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User’s Guide Unlike many other fo
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PART 2. Static Radiography with The
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2.2 Neutron Collimation Because the
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The source of thermal neutrons is a
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Parallel & Divergent Collimator - F
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5.1 Neutron cross sections Neutron
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The established direct imaging tech
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FIGURE 4. Neutron radiographs of nu
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FIGURE 4. Neutron radiographs of nu
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ASTM E803 - 91(2013) Standard Test
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FIGURE 5. Representative neutron ra
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Another reactor that has provided n
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FIGURE 7. Hot cell fuel inspection
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Hot cell Shielded nuclear radiation
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Applications: Hot cells are used to
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Hot Cell Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
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FIGURE 8. Cross section showing van
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FIGURE 9. Components of mobile deut
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FIGURE 10. Californium-252 sources
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FIGURE 11. Elevation of subcritical
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Californium-252 Neutron Source Char
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PART 3. Special Techniques of Neutr
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Other reactor centers have develope
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TABLE 2. Relative neutron attenuati
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FIGURE 14. Neutron radiographs of e
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The technique can provide high sens
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3.5 Neutron Gaging and Neutron Prob
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3.6 Closing Industry standards have
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Reading-2 ASNTNRTMQA123 Level-I Cha
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Level 1 Answers Neutron Radiographi
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Q1. Neutron penetration is greatest
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Q6. Many of the absorption differen
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Q11. Gadolinium conversion screens
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The neutrons transmitted through a
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Q20. For inspection of radioactive
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Q24. A graph showing the relationsh
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Q30. Which of the following materia
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Q34. Movement, geometry, and screen
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Q39. An Image Quality Indicator is
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TABLE 6. Properties of Some Thermal
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Page 121 and 122: Q45. In the converter screen techni
Page 125 and 126: Q50. The primary advantage of using
Page 127 and 128: More Reading- before going further!
Page 129 and 130: 7. IMAGE RECORDERS The neutron radi
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Page 133 and 134: TABLE 7.1. Nuclear properties of ne
Page 135 and 136: TABLE 7.2. Transmittance and film d
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Page 139 and 140: 7.1.4. Film contrast. In discussing
Page 141 and 142: Figure 7.1. Characteristic curve of
Page 143 and 144: The slope of a curve at a particula
Page 145 and 146: Figure 7.3. Characteristic curve of
Page 147 and 148: 7.1.5. Film sensitivity (film speed
Page 149 and 150: TABLE 7.3. Approximate comparison o
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Page 175 and 176: TABLE 7.9. Neutron fluences for nit
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Page 189 and 190: Q63. Lead is: a. a good neutron shi
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Page 197 and 198: 81. When manually processing films,
Page 199 and 200: 85. Water spots on films can be min
Page 201 and 202: 89. An advantage of the fountain-pe
Page 203 and 204: 91. The average thermal neutron flu
Page 205 and 206: 96. Overexposure to neutron or gamm
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Page 209 and 210: Q106. To achieve uniformity in neut
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Page 213 and 214: 111. A main disadvantage of gadolin
Page 215 and 216: 115. To an Operational Health Physi
Page 217 and 218: The neutrons transmitted through a
Page 219 and 220: Peach - 我爱桃子 Charlie Cho
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Good Luck Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
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Understanding Neutron Radiography

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