Understanding Neutron Radiography

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94. What does the term (R/h) refer to when speaking of intensity? a. radiation limits for humans b. roentgens per hour c. X -rays per hour d. radiation in hydrogen 95. Small amounts of exposure to neutrons or gamma rays: a. may have a cumulative effect that must be considered when monitoring for maximum permissible dose b. will be beneficial since they build up an immunity to radiation poisoning. c. will have no effect on human beings d. will have only a short-term effect on human tissues Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
96. Overexposure to neutron or gamma rays may cause damage to human: a. blood and skin b. skin c. internal organs d. all of the above 97. A general rule used-to define an excessive amount of radiation exposure is: a. anything above 0.4 R (rem) per week, although small amounts of radiation (0.4 R [rem] per week or less) are beneficial since they build up immunity to these rays b. any dose over 5 R (rem) per week c. any dose that causes a mid-range reading on a Geiger counter d. any unnecessary exposure to radiation Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
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Understanding Neutron Radiography R
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Neutron Source-Cyclotron Charlie Ch
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Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
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3. Techniques/Calibrations • Bloc
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Greek Alphabet Charlie Chong/ Fion
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Why Neutron Radiography? "finding l
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■ http://minerals.usgs.gov/minera
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Screen Types-1 1. Transfer screen-i
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IVONA TTS Capable. Charlie Chong/ F
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Reading-1 ASNTHBVol4Chapter16 Charl
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FIGURE 1. Electric bridge wire squi
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FIGURE 1. Electric bridge wire squi
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FIGURE 2. Comparison of neutron rad
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User’s Guide Unlike many other fo
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PART 2. Static Radiography with The
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2.2 Neutron Collimation Because the
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The source of thermal neutrons is a
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Parallel & Divergent Collimator - F
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5.1 Neutron cross sections Neutron
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The established direct imaging tech
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FIGURE 4. Neutron radiographs of nu
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FIGURE 4. Neutron radiographs of nu
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ASTM E803 - 91(2013) Standard Test
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FIGURE 5. Representative neutron ra
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Another reactor that has provided n
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FIGURE 7. Hot cell fuel inspection
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Hot cell Shielded nuclear radiation
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Applications: Hot cells are used to
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Hot Cell Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
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FIGURE 8. Cross section showing van
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FIGURE 9. Components of mobile deut
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FIGURE 10. Californium-252 sources
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FIGURE 11. Elevation of subcritical
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Californium-252 Neutron Source Char
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PART 3. Special Techniques of Neutr
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Other reactor centers have develope
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TABLE 2. Relative neutron attenuati
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FIGURE 14. Neutron radiographs of e
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The technique can provide high sens
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3.5 Neutron Gaging and Neutron Prob
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3.6 Closing Industry standards have
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Reading-2 ASNTNRTMQA123 Level-I Cha
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Level 1 Answers Neutron Radiographi
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Q1. Neutron penetration is greatest
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Q6. Many of the absorption differen
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Q11. Gadolinium conversion screens
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The neutrons transmitted through a
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Q20. For inspection of radioactive
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Q24. A graph showing the relationsh
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Q30. Which of the following materia
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Q34. Movement, geometry, and screen
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Q39. An Image Quality Indicator is
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TABLE 6. Properties of Some Thermal
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Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang Practical
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Q45. In the converter screen techni
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Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang Practical
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Q50. The primary advantage of using
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More Reading- before going further!
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7. IMAGE RECORDERS The neutron radi
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7.1. PHOTOGRAPHIC FILM 7.1.1. Conve
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TABLE 7.1. Nuclear properties of ne
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TABLE 7.2. Transmittance and film d
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However, the shape of the curves fo
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7.1.4. Film contrast. In discussing
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Figure 7.1. Characteristic curve of
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The slope of a curve at a particula
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Figure 7.3. Characteristic curve of
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7.1.5. Film sensitivity (film speed
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TABLE 7.3. Approximate comparison o
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Figure 7.4. Typical signal-exposure
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Page 173 and 174: 7.2.3. Exposure techniques and moun
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Page 177 and 178: The multifoil technique in fast NR
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Page 181 and 182: Q51. Neutron beams used in nondestr
Page 183 and 184: Q56. High-resolution gadolinium con
Page 185 and 186: Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang Practical
Page 187 and 188: Q61. Which element is commonly used
Page 189 and 190: Q63. Lead is: a. a good neutron shi
Page 191 and 192: 69. The emulsion side of a single-c
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Page 201 and 202: 89. An advantage of the fountain-pe
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Page 209 and 210: Q106. To achieve uniformity in neut
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Page 213 and 214: 111. A main disadvantage of gadolin
Page 215 and 216: 115. To an Operational Health Physi
Page 217 and 218: The neutrons transmitted through a
Page 219 and 220: Peach - 我爱桃子 Charlie Cho
Page 221 and 222: Good Luck Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
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Understanding Neutron Radiography

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