Technology Today Volumn 3 Issue 1 - Raytheon

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16 THE FUTURE of RF Technology As shown in the systems described, RF Sensors and RF processing are key components in a large number of Raytheon’s systems. RF is used to transmit information via electromagnetic waves through space and translate these waves into intelligible information. RF components such as magnetrons, klystrons, amplifiers, semiconductors and MMICs have been conceived, developed, manufactured and improved ever since Marconi’s invention of the wireless telegraph in 1896. Today’s research and development at Raytheon is focused on technology that will improve the performance and capability of current systems. This research will afford cost-effective solutions to our customers’ changing scenarios and challenges related to national defense. New and emerging threats (such as terrorism and urban warfare) need to be counteracted with new approaches and quick implementation of RF technology. Raytheon possesses both the technology and the expertise to mold this technology into solutions to combat these new threats. Specific technology directions in research and development related to RF components and subsystems at Raytheon include: • Solid-State Active Electronically Scanned Antennas (AESA) • High-efficiency power amplifiers • Directed energy technologies • New semiconductors, including SiGe, InP and GaN for higher levels of integration, higher power and higher speed. • High Density MMICs and TR Modules • Frequency Agile sources • Digital receivers and transmitters (signal processing) • Software Defined Radio Architectures and their implementation • Higher bandwidth and higher sensitivity RF components • Radar stealth coatings and materials • Micro Electro Mechanical Structures (MEMS) Switching Just as important is Raytheon’s ongoing research and development related to systems improvements: • Ka band frequencies for higher resolution and pointing accuracy • Integrating multiple beams and simultaneous modes into single systems • Space-time, adaptive processing (STAP) and jammer-nulling techniques • Composite airframes • Netted Communications across platforms The Raytheon RF engineering community continues to change along with changing system requirements by improving collaboration and communication among engineers through symposia and information sharing. In addition, future RF engineers will be transforming themselves into systems designers as we work to find the best and most cost-effective solutions to our customers’ continuing needs. ■ 2003 RF Symposium Provides Interaction With Customers “This was one of the best technology forums that I have participated in,” says Tim Kemerley, Aerospace Components Division Chief, Air Force Research Laboratory. He praised the 2003 RF Systems Technology Network (RFSTN) Symposium at the Don CeSar Resort, April 21-24, 2003,in St. Petersberg Beach, Fla. “The quality and the breadth of the technology papers presented were very impressive,” he says. “I have worked with various components of Raytheon for 30 years. It is amazing to see them coming together in a powerful way! Thanks for inviting Department of Defense customers.” The annual Raytheon-wide symposium facilitates exchange of research results and novel ideas for microwave, millimeterwave and radio-frequency technology. Reflecting this year’s theme, “Innovative Technology for Customer Success,” Department of Defense (DoD) participants (Raytheon customers) attended to provide their perspectives. Usually kept company proprietary, this was the first RF symposium where customers were invited to participate in all technical sessions, joining the 390 Raytheon attendees and about 170 others from across the country who participated via webcast. Deputy Undersecretary of Defense for Science and Technology, Dr. Charles Holland, delivered the keynote address, stressing how selected RF technologies were enablers of future critical missions. Dr. Bobby Junker, Head, Information, Electronics & Information Sciences, Office of Naval Research, described the importance of advanced multifunction RF technologies to the Navy. Tim Kemmerly, Aerospace Components Division Chief, Sensors Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, presented an overview of Air Force sensor technology needs and key technical challenges for RF components. Dr Robert Leheny, Director of DARPA’s Microsystems Technology Office, gave his perspectives on the future of microelectronics for military systems, anticipating the end of Moore’s Law and citing the vital role of nanotechnology. Customers had the opportunity to view over 230 technical papers presented among the four parallel tracks. Interaction was encouraged with two poster sessions, two workshops on RF Filters and Antenna, Radome, Array Error Analysis and 30 vendor displays. This was the fifth annual Raytheon RF Symposium. DoD participation was very well received from Raytheon customers and participants. It was frequently mentioned that the interaction was worthwhile and should be encouraged in future symposia.
Leadership Perspective Dr. PETER PAO Vice President Technology Your responsibility in a Customer-Focused Company Being a customer-focused company is the foundation of Raytheon’s business strategy. The three pillars of this Customer Focused Management (CFM) strategy are Performance, Relationships and Solutions. But what does this mean to you as a Raytheon engineer? What is your role in executing this strategy? I would like to share some of my thoughts with you. Performance is about meeting our commitments — providing the best value solutions to our customers. It includes system performance, reliability, supportability, cost, schedule, weight, size, power and a few other critical requirements. We need to pay attention to all these parameters in every design phase. For example, not only does the design have to meet performance requirements, it must be viable and meet cost targets. We need to have a cost model so we can estimate production cost during system design. We can draw similar conclusions on reliability and maintainability. As many of you know, this means balanced design, and Raytheon Six Sigma TM is the right tool for this purpose. I strongly encourage you, as engineers, to learn and practice Raytheon Six Sigma. It is the path to follow on the journey of meeting our total commitment. Relationships are about building positive and solid connections with our customers. This can only be accomplished by understanding their challenges, anticipating their needs, proactively responding to their requests and following through on our commitments. Most of our major programs today are built on this kind of customer relationship. It always starts with a few engineers determined to understand and solve a customer’s problems. Building relationships takes time but, if we persist, customers will realize they can count on us and our company; that is how we win their trust and their business. To our customers, we are Raytheon. Our attitudes, our actions and our outcomes determine our image. Building customer relationships is not just for BD or program managers. It is up to each and every one of us. Providing solutions is our business, and innovative technology solutions are what we sell our customers. We must remember that the technology is the means, not the end. We can not “do” technology for technology’s sake, and we certainly cannot let our own bias — our love for the technology we develop — restrict or blind us. It is up to us to apply the most appropriate technology to provide the best solution to our customers, regardless of the source of that technology. This means, one, we need to work together as One Company to offer the best to our customers. And, two, we need to be “lifetime learners” as we continually track global technology development so we can apply it to solve our customers’ problems. Today our customers are facing different challenges. Their needs are changing, and our market is transforming at a rate that has never been experienced before in our industry. Companies that understand these changes — and are capable of providing the best solutions — will be the winners of this transformation. We have that capability but, now more than ever, this is the time we need to be customer-focused. When we connect with our customers, provide superior performance and solve their problems, we will grow our company. For more information about Raytheon Six Sigma, visit http://homext.ray.com/sixsigma/ GPS Continued from page 15 To meet the dual requirements for increased tracking performance and anti-jam, military GPS receivers require low phase noise, high dynamic range and precisely matched, RF down conversion channels. In order to meet these requirements, RF designers had to revert back to discrete GaAs amplifiers and mixers and precisely matched RF and IF filters. Shown on page 15 is a two-channel RF design for a high anti-jam GPS system. As shown, the large, discrete RF and IF filters dominate the design. Raytheon is studying ways to reduce the size and cost of these designs by a factor of 10, using state-of-the-art SiGe 0.18 CMOS RF ASIC technology and Thin Film Resonator (TFR) filters. The requirements for this GPS down converter include greater than 40 dB of channel-to-channel isolation, greater than 70 dB of dynamic range and very small channelto-channel differential group delay. It is also a priority to have more than one down converter channel in an RF ASIC design. Raytheon is leveraging state-of-the-art technology to greatly reduce the size and cost of RF designs. TFR filters provide promise, in that they have very linear phase characteristics over the required bandwidths and are small and low cost. However, the TFR manufacturers are concentrating on commercial applications. Specific custom filter designs for military GPS receivers using this new technology should be developed and tested. The GPS RF design represents the most difficult technical challenge in meeting future GPS receiver requirements. Newer, miniaturized weapon systems will require GPS receivers that are much smaller and lower in cost than today’s receivers for applications in projectiles, mortars, smart munitions, dismounted soldier and miniature UAVs. ■ 17
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Technology Today Volumn 3 Issue 1 - Raytheon

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