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Chapter 3THE DVB/DAVIC PROTOCOL3.1 IntroductionDigital Video Broadcasting (DVB) has become one of the most exciting developmentsin the area of consumer electronics at the end of the twentieth century [88]. The DVBProject emerged from a group called the Launching Group of European broadcasters,consumer electronics manufacturers and radio regulatory bodies in 1992. Since then anumber of protocol specifications have emerged. This chapter presents a review of theDVB project and the main standards produced by this group. Special attention is paid tothe DVB/DAVIC protocol specification, which is the one that will be analysed,optimised and improved in subsequent chapters. Here the main characteristics, as wellas the architecture, MAC operation, and a description of the exponential backoffalgorithm and the splitting tree algorithm adopted by the DVB/DAVIC protocol aredescribed.3.2 DVB project overviewThe focal point of the European DVB project is the development of standards for thedelivery of digital TV over satellite DVB-S, terrestrial DVB-T and more recentlydelivery of digital data over cable links DVB-C for the downstream channel and DVB-RCC (or DVB/DAVIC) for the upstream channel or return channel.The DVB-S (EN 300 421 [29]) is a satellite specification designed to operate within arange of transponder bandwidths (26 MHz to 72 MHz). However, the cable network onthe downstream direction DVB-C (ETS 300 429 [31]) has the same core as the satellitesystem, but the modulation system is based on QAM rather than QPSK.3-1