Management of Snakebite and Research Management of Snakebite ...

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Acceptability Study of Protective Boots Among Farmers of Taungdwingyi Township Tun-Pe, Warrell, D.A., Tin-Nu-Swe, Phillips, R.E., More, R.A., Myint-Lwin and Burke, C.W (1987b). Acute and chronic pituitary failure resembling Sheehan’s syndrome following bites by Russell’s viper in Burma. Lancet, ii: 763-767 Tun-Pe, Ba-Aye, Aye-Aye-Myint, Tin-Nu-Swe and Warrell, D.A (1991). Bites by Russell’s vipers (Daboia russelli siamensis) in Myanmar: effect of the snake’s length and recent feeding on venom antigeniamia and severity of envenoming. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine & Hygiene, 85: 804-808. Tun-Pe, Aye-Aye-Myint, Khin-Ei-Han, Thi-Ha and Tin-Nu-Swe (1995). Local compression pad as a first-aid measure for victims of bites by Russell’s viper (Daboia russelli siamensis) in Myanmar. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine & Hygiene, 89: 293-295 11
Management of Snakebite and Research 12 An Epidemiological Study of Snakebite and Venomous Snake Survey in Myanmar INTRODUCTION Snakebite is endemic in six rice growing divisions of Myanmar and is an important health problem in the country. It belongs to one of the priority diseases laid down in the national health plan. It is an occupational hazard of farmers and has been one of the 11 single leading causes of morbidity and mortality during the last three decades in the country. The epidemiological data on snakebite from 1954-88 has been reported (National Snakebite Seminar, 1989). An updated hospital-based morbidity and mortality survey on snakebite covering the period 1998-2000 will be presented. Also, an epidemiological study of snakebite cases admitted to Taungdwingyi hospital in 1994 (which has the highest incidence of snakebite in Myanmar) will be presented. Trends in snakebite Aye-Aye-Myint, Tun-Pe and Tin-Zar-Maw Venom Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Research (Lower Myanmar) Yangon Abstract A study of snakebite cases for 3 years (1998-2000) from 87 hospitals shows that the average prevalent rate of snakebite decreases from 24.6 to 17.4 x 100,000 and case fatality rate from 5.8 to 3.75%. Russell’s viper bite constitutes 60% (fatality rate 8.2%), cobra 6% (8%), green pit viper 5%, sea snake 0.4% and unknown 29% (3%). Russell’s viper bite occurs throughout the year with a definite seasonality. A majority of the bites occur during the ploughing and harvesting seasons. The age of the victims ranges from 6-76 years with high numbers of snakebite cases (49%) and case fatality (5.6%) in 15-25 years old age group. Russell’s viper bite occurs at work in the field and on the way home or to work. A majority of the bites occur in the lower limbs between 6 am-6 pm. The dead snakes brought by the victims suggest that Russell’s viper bite is most common followed by cobra bites. The study suggests that a community-based study of the epidemiology of snakebite would highlight the magnitude of the problem A study of snakebite cases for 3 years (1998-2000) from 87 hospitals shows that the average prevalent rate of snakebite decreases from 24.6 to 17.4 x 100,000 and case fatality rate
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