Management of Snakebite and Research Management of Snakebite ...
Management of Snakebite and Research Management of Snakebite ...
Management of Snakebite and Research Management of Snakebite ...
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<strong>Management</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Snakebite</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Research</strong><br />
68<br />
Table 5. Biological properties <strong>of</strong> Russell’s viper venoms <strong>of</strong> Yangon division<br />
Source <strong>of</strong><br />
venom<br />
Length<br />
<strong>of</strong><br />
snake<br />
(cm)<br />
No. <strong>of</strong><br />
snakes<br />
pooled<br />
LD 50f<br />
µg/mouse<br />
ƒ = 95% fiducial limit<br />
Results are mean <strong>of</strong> duplicates <strong>and</strong> triplicates*<br />
MDD<br />
µg/<br />
mouse<br />
It is uncommon to see venom from one locality possessing all potent biological<br />
properties. It is noted that adult Russell’s viper venom <strong>of</strong> Kyauksae is devoid <strong>of</strong> capillary<br />
permeability increasing activity (CPI) <strong>and</strong> possesses poor defibrinogenating <strong>and</strong> lethal<br />
activities.<br />
Venom variation among young Russell’s vipers<br />
MCD*<br />
µg/ml<br />
MHD<br />
µg/rat<br />
MND<br />
µg/rat<br />
MCPID*<br />
µg/ml<br />
Htantabin 61-90 19 4.63+2.63 4.2 1.38 30.9 33.1 0.014<br />
91-120 15 3.26+2.78 1.8 0.98 35.1 21.6 0.008<br />
Kungyankone 61-90 27 8.74+3.94 1.8 0.63 32.4 20.4 0.033<br />
91-110 25 6.05+0.98 5.1 0.31 26.3 23.4 0.115<br />
Hmawbi 61-90 7 5.76+3.23 6.0 0.12 56.9 52.5 0.063<br />
91-110 8 5.18+2.23 6.0 0.34 52.5 40.7 0.037<br />
Hlegu 61-90 6 5.47+1.94 4.2 0.93 37.2 23.4 0.050<br />
91-110 6 9.31+2.65 6.3 0.48 32.7 50.1 0.030<br />
Indaing 61-90 20 6.38+0.98 6.3 0.54 49.0 67.6 0.032<br />
91-120 17 4.97+3.7 5.1 0.47 44.9 56.9 0.025<br />
Venom possessing potent biological properties from each division (Table 6), lower <strong>and</strong><br />
upper Myanmar (Table 7) <strong>and</strong> five divisions (Table 8) are shown in respective tables.<br />
Property<br />
LD 50<br />
µg/mouse<br />
Ayerwaddy<br />
n=3<br />
Nyaungdon<br />
2.87<br />
MHD µg/rat Danuphyu<br />
30.9<br />
MND<br />
µg/mouse<br />
MDD<br />
µg/mouse<br />
Table 6. Biological properties <strong>of</strong> venoms <strong>of</strong> young Russell’s vipers<br />
Daedaye<br />
29.85<br />
Nyaungdon<br />
2.4<br />
MCD µg/ml Nyaungdo<br />
0.1<br />
MCPID µg/ml Danuphyu<br />
0.004<br />
Lower Myanmar Upper Myanmar<br />
Yangon<br />
n=5<br />
Htantabin<br />
4.63<br />
Htantabin<br />
30.9<br />
Kungyankone<br />
20.4<br />
Kungyankone<br />
1.8<br />
Hmawbi<br />
0.12<br />
Htantabin<br />
0.014<br />
Bago<br />
n=5<br />
Wall<br />
3.96<br />
Letpadan<br />
32.36<br />
Minhla<br />
36.31<br />
Thayarwaddy<br />
2.4<br />
Minhla<br />
0.072<br />
Thayarwadd<br />
0.0007<br />
M<strong>and</strong>alay<br />
n=2<br />
Thaze<br />
6.30<br />
Kyauksae<br />
52.19<br />
Thaze<br />
39.8<br />
Thaze<br />
4.0<br />
Kyauksae<br />
0.04<br />
Kyauksa<br />
0.066<br />
Magwe<br />
n=1<br />
Taungdwingyi<br />
7.72<br />
41.7<br />
44.7<br />
3.0<br />
0.426<br />
0.089
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