s. history us history us history - Embassy of the United States

INDEXOUTLINE OF U.S. HISTORYSoviet Union détente policy, 289Watergate affair, 290NLRA. See National Labor RelationsAct (NLRA)No Child Left Behind Act, 333Noble Order of the Knights of Labor(1869), 193Non-Intercourse Act (1809), 84Noriega, Manuel Antonio, 317Norris, Frank, 196North American Free Trade Agreement(NAFTA), 317, 325North Atlantic Treaty Organization(NATO), 262North Carolina colony, 17, 30Northern Securities Company, 187Northwest Ordinance (1787), 71, 73,113, 135Northwest Passage, 9, 10Northwest Territory, 71, 113NOW. See National Organization forWomen (NOW)Nuclear weaponsIntermediate-Range Nuclear Forces(INF) Treaty, 304-305, 314Limited Nuclear Test Ban Treaty(1963), 243, 284Manhattan Project (atomic bombdevelopment), 225SALT I (Strategic Arms LimitationTalks), 289SALT II agreement, 292Soviet atomic bomb testing, 266Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI),313-314test bans, 284U.S. attacks on Hiroshima andNagasaki, 226U.S. defense buildup, 314U.S. military defense buildup, 314U.S. nuclear testing, 234U.S. policy during Cold War, 265Nullification doctrine, 83, 117-118OOath of office, presidential, 77Obasanjo, Olusegun, 295The Octopus (Norris), 196Office of Economic Opportunity, 286Oglethorpe, James, 18Oklahoma Territory, City, homesteadclaims, 101Oliver, King, 211Olney, Richard, 194On the Road (Kerouac), 270Organization of American States(formerly Pan American Union), 185Organization of the PetroleumExporting Countries (OPEC), 290Organized labor. See Labor unionsOrlando, Vittorio, 108PPacific Railway Acts (1862-64), 152Paine, Thomas, 60Palmer, A. Mitchell, 206-207Panama, U.S. invasion, 317Panama CanalGatun locks, 100-101treaties, 101, 184-185, 292Paris Peace Conference (1919), 108Paris, Treaty of (1783), 47, 64Parker, John, 59Parks, Rosa, 240, 273Patroon system, 14-15Peace Democrats or “Copperheads,”152Peace of Paris (1763), 33Penn, William, 18, 25, 30, 39Pennsylvania colonycolonial government, 30cultural developments, 27-28German settlers, 25population, 25Quakers as early setters, 18, 25, 27relations with Native Americans,18, 39schools and education, 27-28state constitution, 69See also PhiladelphiaPequot Indian War (1637), 16Perkins, Frances, 227Perot, H. Ross, 319, 323, 328Perry, Oliver Hazard, 85Pershing, John J., 205Persian Gulf War, 316-317Desert Storm campaign, 252-253PhiladelphiaAmerican Philosophical Society, 28as “City of Brotherly Love,” 18colonial period in, 18, 25Friends Public School, 27Independence Hall, 164-165Liberty Bell, 168private schools, 27subscription libraries, 28Philippine Islandselections, 312MacArthur’s return, 232U.S. relations, 183, 184World War II battles, 224-225, 232Pierce, Franklin, 137Pilgrims, 13, 22-23, 30, 65Pinckney, Charles, 81The Pit (Norris), 196Pitcairn, John, 59Pizarro, Francisco, 9Plains Indians, 10, 98, 180-181Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), 178, 272Political partiesAmerican Independent, 319Bull Moose Party, 318Constitutional Union Party, 139Democrats, 116, 137, 152, 153, 192,218-219Dixiecrats, 319Federalists, 76, 78, 81, 82, 86, 116Free Soil Party, 136, 137, 138Green Party, 332Know-Nothings, 120Populists, 191-192Progressive, 318-319Radical Republicans, 148-151Reform Party, 319Republicans (or Democratic-Republicans), 78, 81, 138, 139, 152,153, 218Socialists, 206, 318Southern Democrats, 139States Rights, 272third party and independentcandidates, 318-319Whigs, 119-121, 137-138, 152, 153Polk, James K., 134, 135Ponce de Léon, Juan, 9Population growthin cities and towns, 159household composition, 307postwar migrations, 267-268Population, U.S.in 1690, 24in 1775, 241790 census, 2001812 to 1852, 1241860 census, 132Populist Party, 191-192Powell, Colin, 294-295Presidency, U.S.Cabinet, 77-78, 280impeachment, 149-150, 290, 328,329oath of office, 77role of first lady, 324See also names of individualpresidentsPresidential elections1789 (Washington, first), 771797 (Adams), 821800 (Jefferson), 831824 (Jackson), 1161828 (Jackson), 1171860 (Lincoln), 1391864 (Lincoln), 147, 1531868 (Grant), 1501884 (Cleveland), 1591892 (Cleveland), 160356357