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4. Name the following compounds. K/U(a) CH 3CH 3(c)CH 2 CH CH 2Br(b)H 3 CClCH 2 CH 35. Draw a structural formula to represent each of C01-F18-OC12USG.aithe following compounds. K/U CLearning Tip(a) C01-F16-OC12USG.aimetadiethylbenzeneTraditional Names for AromaticHydrocarbonsAn older naming convention forsubstituted aromatic compoundsused the Greek prefixes ortho–,meta–, and para– to indicate thepositions of substituents. Ortho(b) 5-chloro-7-phenyloct-1-ynesubstituents are on adjacent carbonatoms in 1,2 positions. MetaC01-F17-OC12USG.aisubstituents are separated by 1carbon atom in 1,3 positions. Parasubstituents are located on oppositesides of the 6-carbon ring in 1,4positions.Biology 12 Study GuideBiology 12 Study GuideMAIN IDEA: Benzene is less reactive than alkenes but more reactive than alkanes. Since0176520848it participates in substitution reactions, benzene behaves more like an alkane.0176520848 Learning TipFigure Number C01-F18-OC12USG.ai6. Which of the following compound is the least reactive?Figure Number C01-F16-OC12USG.ai CompanyMPST/IReactivity of Hydrocarbons(a) benzeneCompanyIn general, saturatedMPShydrocarbonsTechnical(b) hex-1-yneTechnical are more stable than unsaturated Pass1st pass(c) hex-1-enePass hydrocarbons. Compared 1st pass toApprovedunsaturated hydrocarbons, each(d) hexaneApprovedNot Approvedbond in benzene is identical and7. Draw the chemical equation for the following reactions. Include the names ofNot ApprovedBiology these bonds 12 Study are much Guide more stablethe organic reactant and product. T/I Cthan a carbon–carbon double bond.0176520848(a) hydrogenation of benzeneTherefore, aromatic compounds areFiguremuchNumberless reactive thanC01-F17-OC12USG.aialkenes butCompany more reactive than alkanes. MPSTechnicalPass1st passApprovedNot Approved(b) substitution reaction of benzene using hydrochloric acid, HCl(aq)10 Unit 1 • Organic Chemistry NEL
Alcohols, Ethers, and Thiols1.4Vocabularyalcoholprimary alcoholsecondary alcoholtertiary alcoholhydrogen bondingdehydration reactionethercondensation reactionthiolTextbook pp. 32–39MAIN IDEA: Alcohols contain a hydroxyl group, –OH. The hydroxyl group allows alcoholsto form hydrogen bonds. Alcohols can be further classified as primary, secondary, andtertiary.1. What are two reactions that can be used for the commercial preparation ofethanol? K/U2. Since the electronegativity difference between carbon and hydrogen is_______________ than that between carbon and oxygen, the C—H bond is_______________ polar than the C—O bond. Also, the bond between carbonand _______________ is polar, so alcohol molecules are polar. K/U3. Match each alcohol on the left with the description and use on the right. K/U(a) ethanol(b) propan-1-ol(c) propan-2-ol(d) ethane-1,2-diol(e) propane-1,2,3-triol(i) polyalcohol with three –OH groups used inpharmaceutical preparations to help dissolveless polar compounds(ii) primary alcohol used as a solvent for lacquersand waxes, and as brake fluid(iii) polyalcohol with two –OH groups used asantifreeze in automobile engines(iv) secondary alcohol used as an antiseptic toclean the skin before injections(v) primary alcohol used in alcoholic beverages4. Indicate whether each of the following statements is true or false. If you thinka statement is false, rewrite it to make it true. K/U(a) The simplest aromatic alcohol has one hydroxyl group bonded tocyclohexane.Learning TipClassifying AlcoholsAlcohols are classified according tothe number of other carbon atomsthat are directly bonded to the carbonatom attached to the hydroxyl group,–OH. A primary alcohol has the –OHgroup attached to the carbon atomat the end of the carbon chain, whichhas only 1 carbon atom attached toit. A secondary alcohol has the –OHgroup bonded to a carbon atom thatis attached to 2 other carbon atoms.A tertiary alcohol has the –OH groupbonded to a carbon atom that isattached to 3 other carbon atoms.(b) As the size of the carbon chain of a simple alcohol grows, the alcoholbecomes less soluble in water because the hydrocarbon region of analcohol molecule is non-polar.5. Which of the following compound is a tertiary alcohol? T/I(a) 2,4-dimethylpentan-3-ol (c) 4-methylheptan-3-ol(b) 3-ethylhexan-3-ol(d) 3,5-diethyloctan-4-olNEL1.4 Alcohols, Ethers, and Thiols 11
Page 4 and 5: 1.1AlkanesTextbook pp. 8-17Vocabula
Page 6 and 7: Learning TipMolecular FormulasTo ob
Page 8 and 9: 3. Draw the structures of the follo
Page 10: MAIN IDEA: Hydrocarbons with multip
Page 15 and 16: MAIN IDEA: Alcohols can be produced
Page 20: 4. Which of the following compound
Page 23 and 24: 4. Name each of the following isome
Page 25 and 26: CHAPTER 1 SummaryOrganic CompoundsO

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