list of evidences 10d Barrie - The Shroud of Turin Website

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5:6) The TS Man too presents in correspondence of the side a blood and serum flow (Malantrucco1992).C14) “And Nicodemus, who at first came to Jesus by night, also came, bringing a mixture ofmyrrh and aloes, about a hundred pounds” (Joh 19:39). “Then they took the body of Jesus, andbound it in strips of linen with the spices, as the custom of the Jews is to bury” (Joh 19:40). Someresearchers states that the TS body was buried with aromas such as aloe and myrrh because on thecloth they found their traces 87 (Baima Bollone 1983).C15) “When Joseph had taken the body, he wrapped it in a clean linen cloth (or shroud), and laidit in his new tomb” (Mat 27:59-60). The TS Man too was wrapped in a new and expensive sheet,bought by a wealthy person 88 (Fanti and Marinelli 1998).C16)“Nor will You allow Your Holy One to see corruption” (Act 2:27). “For You will not leave mysoul in Sheol, Nor will You allow Your Holy One to see corruption”(Psa 16:10). The TS doesn’tshow signs of putrefaction (Fanti and Marinelli 1998).C17) “You shall let none of it (the Lamb) remain until morning, and what remains of it untilmorning you shall burn with fire. It is the Lord’s Passover” (Exo 12:10). Some researcher statesthat the TS presents a double sign: the disappearence and the burning, if one refers to the radianthypothesis (Rinaudo 1998).C18) “Then the other disciple, who came to the tomb first, went in also; and he saw and believed.For as yet they did not know the Scripture, that He must rise again from the dead 89 .” (Joh 20:8-9).“David, foreseeing this, spoke concerning the resurrection of the Christ” (Act 2:31). Onehypothesis states that the TS Man became mechanically transparent with respect to the sheet andshed a flash of energy that would be the cause of the body image formation (Jackson 1990).Perhaps the particular shape of the TS seen by John induced him to believe in Christ’sResurrection 90 .C19) “After that, He appeared to more than five hundred of the brothers at the same time, mostof whom are still living, though some have fallen asleep.” (1. Cor. 15:6) Paul has written this letterin the year 53-55. The time is too short (eyewitnesses) that all this might be an invention withouthistorical nucleus (Felzmann 2003).4) CONCLUSIONSThe first goal posed by the researches of ShroudScience Group on Yahoo has been reached: a listof evidences of the TS upon which to base their further debate on the body image formationproblem has been defined.As it appears from the notes posed to explain some facts, not all the researches are in fullagreement about all the points treated, and this will be the matter of a future discussion on the87 Interesting is that a large quantity of aloe and myrrh (about 30 kg) was used. Aloe and myrrh are already known atthis time as medical plants, especially for wounds of the skin (Felzmann 2003).88 It is important that a shroud is mentioned in the NT, bought by Joseph or Arimathea, a rich man. So there was ashroud in which Jesus was laid (Felzmann 2003).89 Most significant is the literary translation from Greek (Persili 1988): ”the other disciple (John), faster than Peter, runsahead and reaches first the sepulchre and, stooped, sees the lying bands (weakened, empty, but not tampered with)and the sudarium, that was on his head, not lying with the bands, but on the contrary wrapped (remained in thewrapping position, lifted, but not supported in its inside, because empty) in a unique position (extraordinary,exceptional because against the law of gravity). Similar is another translation (Zaninotto 1989) who continues:”Therefore Simon Peter, who was behind following him, arrives too and went into the sepulchre; and observes that theclothes are lying (because emptied) and that the sudarium, that was on his head, is not lying together with the clothes,but out (separated from them) it is still wrapped on a sole place (that of the head). Then John too went in and saw andbelieved” (Gv 20,4-9).90 As John was an eye-witness of the cruxifiction and burial, it seems likely that the gospel of John is historically themost accurate (Felzmann 2003).24
image formation hypotheses, but notwithstanding this, some most probable hypotheses can beformulated at the end of this paper.About the cause of image formation, the image was not painted by adding pigments and/ormedia to the cloth; the color was not produced by changes in the cellulose: it was a result ofreactions involving small amounts of impurities on the surface of the linen fibers.Many hypotheses have been presented and some natural hypotheses are under test, buthypotheses involving the Resurrection of Jesus of Nazareth can not be rejected. Among them themost probable are those correlated to surface electrostatic discharges caused by an electric field, anatural chemical reaction and an energy source coming from the enveloped Man.For the moment no hypothesis, able to scientifically explain all the peculiar facts detected on theTS exists. For this reason the further aim of the Group is that of deeply discussing the differenthypotheses posed. Up to now many hypotheses were done, but most of them fail when some factsas the following are considered together: -a) The image color resides only on the topmost fibers atthe highest parts of the weave (A7); -b) The medullas of colored image fibers are not colored (A10);-c) The image formed at a relatively low temperature (A16); -d) The color of the image-areas has adiscontinuous distribution (A29); -e) The body image appears on the TS as a photographic negative(A42); -f) The luminance distribution of both the frontal and dorsal images can be interpreted asrepresenting clearances between a three-dimensional surface of the body and a covering cloth(A43); -g) Side images surrounding the front and back body images are missing (A49); -h) Animage color is visible on some areas (face and perhaps hands) of the back surface of the cloth(A56); -i) No image formed under the blood stains (A62); -l) At least two types of blood can beobserved on the TS (A75); -m) blood wound shows a distinct serum clot retraction ring (A84).About the time needed for image formation, each hypothetical image-formation mechanism willhave different time limits; however, the production of a color on a colorless cloth absolutelyrequires chemical reactions. Colors are the results of the interactions between light and chemicalstructures.Almost all the researchers agree with the fact that the TS enveloped a man; the characteristic ofthe TS Man completely agree with what it is written in both the Old and New Testament aboutJesus of Nazareth: he was scourged, crowned with thorns, and he died on the cross.Still, many are the open problems that must be considered; among them there are those about thecomplete explanation of the blood stains, those about the TS enveloping of the Man, in particular incorrespondence of the face and the hands, those about the dating of the TS, those about the pollenstatistics, those regarding the possible presence of many objects imaged on the TS and many others.About the 1988 dating, the chemical evidence makes it highly probable that the radiocarbonsample was invalid. The technology and chemical composition of the cloth make it extremelyprobable that it is older than indicated by the radiocarbon age determination. The Holland cloth wasa good, documented example of Medieval linen, and it has little in common either structurally orchemically with the Shroud. A few simple photomicrographs would have shown that the areachosen was anomalous. The fact that there is absolutely no danger of autocatalytic decompositionas a result of the 1532 fire damage must be considered for the conservation of the TS.Obviously these problems and many others will be more easy to solve if the Turin people will beopen to furnishing new data to the Shroud Science Group and to any researcher interested indeepening the study about the most important relic of Christianity.REFERENCES1. ACCETTA A.: “Nuclear Radiation and the Shroud: Head Image”, Dallas International Conference on theShroud of Turin, Dallas, Texas, U.S.A., 25-28 October 2001.2. ACCETTA J. S. and BAUMGART J. S., "Infrared reflectance spectroscopy and thermographic investigationsof the Shroud of Turin," Applied Optics 19, 1921-1929 (1980).25
Page 1 and 2: EVIDENCES FOR TESTING HYPOTHESESABO
Page 3 and 4: -d) The body image is due to a chem
Page 5 and 6: A3) The TS weave is very tight; med
Page 7 and 8: Evans 1981; Gilbert and Gilbert 198
Page 9 and 10: A24) No painting pigments or media
Page 12 and 13: A45) The body image is non-directio
Page 14 and 15: A59) Although anatomical details ar
Page 16 and 17: A65) The image of the TS Man, appea
Page 18 and 19: A87) There is a class of particles
Page 20 and 21: 1978 photos and came from tacks use
Page 22 and 23: B10) Aloe and myrrh were found by m
Page 26 and 27: 3. ADLER A. D.: “Updating Recent
Page 28 and 29: 63. GUERRESCHI A: “New Elements R
Page 30: 135. SCHWALBE L. A. and R. N. ROGER

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