The Adoption of Agricultural Technology - Food Security Group

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-42.....pI'OIIl'8Ift~=A checklist of factors that are important for understanding adoption-... err IdapUan IlUdV JF8ctDr ....,.......1orIUMJ-'I~hpoIlOY........ ImpIIctEducation Measure years 01 schooling, Types 01 training availableparticipation in other to larmers. oJ ..j oJtraining.Age Age 01 decision maker. ..; ..j(Effect may be related toexperience, education,household characteristics.)Gender (Effect may be related to Sampling strategy to oJ ..jtype ollarming system or include women larmers.access to resources such What crops, systems,as credit, extension, etc.) operations do women haveresponsibility lor?Ethnic (Effect may be related to What are the different groups oJgroup, type 01 farming system or in the research area? Howetc. access to resources.) do they reler to themselves?Wealth Can be estimated by land ..j oJholding, income, or otherlactors. (Effect may berelated to specificresources.)Farm size (Ellect may be related Local measures 01 area. oJ ..jto larming system orresources.)""..joJ ..;"..j" "Labor Amount 01 labor available LaQor requirements 01 ..j oJlorce in household; hiring the technology.practices.Credit Participation in credit What credit programs exist oJ oJprograms; source of loans lor farmers? What arelor farming.their requirements? Whois eligible?Equipment Ownership of equipment; Equipment and machinery oJ oJand experience with rental. requirements 01 themachinerytechnology. Rental marketsin the area.Land Decision makers' access What are local customs and oJ ..j ..jtenure to specific field. vocabulary lor renting,borrowing, sharecropping?Labor in Amount 01 labor available Timing and amount 01 labor oJ oJfarming in household; hiring required by new technology.system practices; other labor Cropping calendar.demands in system.Other Intercropping and relay Local practices lor oJ ..jcrops in cropping in specilic intercropping, relaysystem field. Rotation history cropping, rotation.of specilic field.(continued...)
Checklist (cont'd.).....FactorBiologicalfactorsHow to IncludeIn surveyCharacteristics of specificfield, by season.Other InformationRefiningneeded for--survey designLocal vocabulary for weeds,pests, diseases. Susceptibilityof new technology.......researchprogram.,JPurpose of adoption studyInteractingwtthInput cr8d1tor marketpoRcymprovlng Asse88tng~xt.n.lon ImpactSoils,land typeSoil type, slope, othercharacteristics ofspecific field.Local vocabulary for landtypes. Experimentalevidence of differentresponses of technology.-JClimateRiskFarmers' opinions aboutliming of technology,climatic interactions.Farmers' opinions of riskof technology. Otherindicators of farmers'attitude to risk.Secondary data on climate. -JSecondary data on climate. -JHomeconsumptionOpinions on acceptabilityof new variety. Changesin food preparation.Local food preparation,types, and methods.-J .,JOutputmarketingFarm crop sales; amounts,timing.How and where are cropsmarketed in area? How doprices vary by season?-J .,J -JStorageHow do farmers store thecrop? Opinions oncharacteristics of newtechnology related to typeor timing of storage.Local storage techniques..,JFodderneedsTiming of fodderrequirements. Types offodder.Importance of animals andfodder in farming system..,J -JInputmarketsWhere farmers obtainspecific inputs. Knowledgeof input type, source.Local sources of inputs;availability. Localvocabulary for inputs.-J -JInformationContacts with extensionactivities. Knowledgeof technology. Source ofknowledge. Time of firstuse of technology.Types of extensionactivity in the research area.-JOnce the purpose and audience for an adoption study have been defined, the definition andmeasurement criteria for changes in farmers' practices have been identified, and hypotheses have beenlisted regarding reasons for differences in adoption patterns, the adoption study can be designed. Thenext chapter discusses issues related to choosing a sample, designing questions, and implementing thesurvey.-43
Page 9 and 10: I Chapter 1AdoptionStudiesWhy Study
Page 11 and 12: emphasis on participatory research
Page 13 and 14: of adoption study must be done with
Page 15 and 16: -7some idea of the degree to which
Page 17 and 18: 80 2. tudl Used to Assess Different
Page 19 and 20: Another issue in measuring adoption
Page 21 and 22: Yt and we can estimate K (the maxim
Page 23 and 24: Measuring ImpactEarlier sections di
Page 25 and 26: -17The Role of Adoption Studies in
Page 27 and 28: Bo 3. Variable and Criteria __'_."C
Page 29 and 30: Farmers in Bumbogo, Rwanda grow bea
Page 31 and 32: -23The following graph shows the ac
Page 33 and 34: -25One valuable contribution to ass
Page 35 and 36: 80 1A study of mechanical wheat har
Page 37 and 38: Chapter 3UnderstandingAdoptionThe F
Page 39 and 40: small test of farmers' skills (for
Page 41 and 42: Wealth. Wealthier farmers may be th
Page 43 and 44: degree of adoption may depend on th
Page 45 and 46: conditions of the preceding or foll
Page 47 and 48: equired inputs, then the technology
Page 49: help in analyzing the degree to whi
Page 53 and 54: Box 14. Gender Analysis and Adoptio
Page 55 and 56: Box 16. Labor Availability and Adop
Page 57 and 58: 80 1 te Trade-offsFarmers must ofte
Page 59 and 60: -51The adoption of technology is in
Page 61 and 62: -53Box 22. Source of Purchased Inpu
Page 63 and 64: Box 24. Knowledge of Recommendation
Page 65 and 66: services, or markets, it is importa
Page 67 and 68: - SamplingforcomparisonsTn many ins
Page 69 and 70: chosen for the survey will determin
Page 71 and 72: B. Measurements for input use may b
Page 73 and 74: 2. Where did you acquire the seed?1
Page 75 and 76: Cha ter 5MethodsforAnalyzingAdoptio
Page 77 and 78: One of the simplest and most useful
Page 79 and 80: For instance, a survey may show tha
Page 81 and 82: -73Revised[Oxen ownership (A) --.t~
Page 83 and 84: RevisedThe association is tested co
Page 85 and 86: The following example is a simple l
Page 87 and 88: where b o is the constant, b}' b 2,
Page 89 and 90: variables. And a high significance
Page 91 and 92: 1Decision trees are a method of rep
Page 93 and 94: ReferencesAcharya, M., and L. Benne
Page 95 and 96: Jha, D., B. Hojjati, and 5. Vosti.

The Adoption of Agricultural Technology - Food Security Group

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