Final Draft Thesis Paper.pdf - Brandeis University
Final Draft Thesis Paper.pdf - Brandeis University
Final Draft Thesis Paper.pdf - Brandeis University
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proceedings,aswellastheintroductionofdemocracytotheregion.Asminoritiesintheseregions,theMuslimshadmoretoloseandthereforealotmoretogainfromtheirownstate(Jaffrelot,9).ItwasthisfearofdeclineandmarginalizationthatledtothefoundationofastateforMuslims.Infact,“thefirstMuslimseparatistmovementsresultedfromthereactionoftheMuslimelitefromNorthernIndia,whoseprivilegedpositioncametobechallengedbytheriseofHinduintelligentsia,agroupwhichbenefitedfromitsmorerapidassimilationintotheEnglish‐mediumeducationalsystemandtheanti‐MuslimbiasoftheBritishtillthelate19 th century”(Jaffrelot,10).AsadirectresultoftheseBritishpolicies,politicalpartiesandorganizationsliketheMuslimleaguewereformed,withthegoaloffosteringMuslimunityandpreservingthelanguageofUrdu,whichwaspromotedasthelanguageoftheMuslims.WhereMuslimsweretheminority,theideaofPakistanandpreservingMuslimrightsbegantospread.Onthecontrary,inplaceswheretheMuslimpopulationswerethemajority,suchasPunjaborBengal,Muslimsweremorecontentbecausetheyruledoverthemselves(Jaffrelot,11).FortheMuslimswhofeltmarginalizedbytheBritish,theyremainedhopefulthatIslamandUrducoulduniteandpromotemobilizationamongMuslimsacrossthesubcontinent. AftertheemergenceofthestateofPakistan,theriftsinPakistaniidentitybegantoemerge.OneoftheseriftswasbasedonthecompetingvisionsofthePakistanistate.TheMohajirssoughtastatebasedonthedoctrineofIslam.ThePunjabs,ontheotherhand,hadseenPakistanasthedirectresultofHindus29
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