IndiaCommissioning under way at NSL’s Kurnool plantTHE Kurnool iron ore beneficiation plantbeing built in the southeast of India by Perthdual bulk commodity developer NSL Consolidatedremains on track. Commissioning onindividual equipment components for phaseone dry plant continues, with sales to be generatedby the end of June.As of early Mar ch all main plant items forphase one of the Kurnool operations had beenerected and commissioning on individualequipment components was progressing.<strong>The</strong> Mangal mine start-up is under way inpreparation to produce the first mainstream oredeliveries for sustained plant feedstock oncecommissioning moves to steady state production.In addition, the pr ocess of transferringMangal stockpiles to the stockyard for use asbeneficiation plant feedstock has started.A trip in March by NSL managing directorCedric Goode to the Chinese factory fabricatingthe phase 2 wet beneficiation plant,confirmed that fabrication is near completion.<strong>The</strong> plant will be shipped fr om Chinato India upon completion.<strong>The</strong> company is aiming at a phase one initialsteady annual production rate of 200,000 beneficiatedtonnes and r emains on track forsales revenue from Kurnool by June 30, <strong>2012</strong>.Phase one comprises a conventional crushing,screening and dry separation plant. <strong>The</strong>phase 2 wet beneficiation plant process, withannual capacity of an additional 200,000 tonnes,will be br ought into operation later in<strong>2012</strong> with completion and first sales contributionin the first half of 2013.<strong>The</strong> Kurnool stockyard is a 4.85 hectareindustrial site within the south-easter n Indianstate of Andhra Pradesh. As well asthe iron source at the nearby Mangal mine,the plant is also adjacent to NSL’s existingKuja iron mine.NSL’s plan for phases 3 and 4 incorporates1.5 million tonnes annual thr oughput by theend of 2014 aided by the acquisition of a thirdproject, Karimnagar, which has an explorationtarget of 62 million to 125 million tonnes ofmagnetite at grades of 20-50% ir on. Thisproject represents a ‘second generation’ forNSL in India with significantly larger potentialthan the Mangal and Kuja mines. <strong>The</strong> companyis also seeking other iron opportunitiesin India, which boasts a large but fragmentedindustry with many small-scale operations.India has annual ir on ore production ofabout 160 million tonnes, with 80 companiesoperating about 250 mines. India is theworld’s fourth largest steel producer and thirdlargest iron ore exporter.Commissioning of the dry separator at the Kurnooliron ore plant.NSL is the only for eign company to ownand operate iron ore mines in India. This firstmover position was reinforced recently withthe Rio Tinto announcement to invest $2 billioninto India’s significant iron ore industry.Vedanta to boost zinc and aluminium interestsVEDANTA Group is seeking full control of HindustanZinc and Bharat Aluminium and has offered170 billion rupees (US$3.4 billion) to buythe Indian government’s remaining stakes inboth entities. <strong>The</strong> gover nment is seeking tonarrow its fiscal deficit through measures includingasset sales and capping of expenses.Buying the stakes will give V edanta’sMumbai-based unit Sterlite Industries (India)control over a combined 964,000 tonnes ofannual zinc and lead-pr oducing capacityand full ownership of a 2 million tonne/yearbauxite mine.Vedanta is of fering to buy the gover n-ment’s 29.5% stake in Hindustan Zinc at a10% discount to the 20-day moving average.Sterlite, India’s biggest copper producer,already owns 64.9% of Hindustan Zinc.It bought 51% of Bharat Aluminium, whichowns the bauxite mine, in 2001 and a majoritystake in Hindustan Zinc a year later.Meanwhile, Vedanta is combining two ofthe group’s publicly-traded Indian units into anew company after a US$8.67 billion pur -chase of oil producer Cairn India. Sesa GoaLtd, India’s largest iron-ore exporter, will absorbSterlite in an all-share deal. Vedanta Aluminiumand Madras Aluminium will also bemerged into the new company, Sesa Sterlite.<strong>The</strong> arrangement will see the transfer of Vedanta’sdirect holding of 38.8% in Cairn Indiato Sesa Goa, together with the associateddebt of $5.9 billion. Post the transfer , SesaSterlite will have a 58.9% shar eholding inCairn India and Vedanta will have reduced itsloans outstanding by 61% to $3.8 billion, thuscutting debt-service costs by $300 million forthe year ending March 31, 2013.Vedanta’s chairman Anil Agarwal says,“Sesa Sterlite will be one of the largest globaldiversified natural r esources majors,supporting the country’s industrial growth.This transaction is a natural evolution, leadingto simplification of the gr oup’s structure.Sesa Sterlite will be the principaloperating company in the group and with itshigh quality assets, gr owth projects andstrong management, it is well placed tocreate value for all shareholders.”Sesa Sterlite is expected to have a worldclass,low cost asset base in close proximityto high growth markets. Increased diversificationis expected to reduce volatility of earningsthrough commodity cycles, loweringthe cost of capital and enhancing value.Sesa Sterlite will have exposur e to zinclead-silver,iron ore, oil & gas, copper, aluminiumand commercial power with assetsin India, Australia, Liberia, South Africa, Namibia,Ireland and Sri Lanka. This assetbase will benefit fr om a large capex pr o-gram that is largely invested, with capacityexpected to double in the next three years.54 | <strong>ASIA</strong> <strong>Miner</strong> | May/June <strong>2012</strong>
South PacificTests under way on Tuvatu samplesMETALLURGICAL testing is being carried out on samples fr om LionOne Metals’ Tuvatu Gold Project on the island of Viti Levu, Fiji. Resultsof the tests will indicate amenability to processing routes which mayinclude gravity concentration, flotation, intensive or traditional leaching,and gravity recoverable gold.Lion One has commissioned Australian mining services companyGekko Systems to conduct the tests and has shipped a 300kgsample of drill cor e composites to Australia for comminution,gravity, and flotation test work. Initial testing is expected to be completedby the end of July.Previous metallurgical studies performed on Tuvatu ores includea batch treatment campaign carried out in 1997 by Emperor Gold,on 968 tonnes of ore with a head grade of 3.63 grams/tonne gold.<strong>The</strong> bulk sample was treated through the Emperor Mill at Vatukoula,40km northeast of Tuvatu, yielding overall gold recoveries of 86.3%.Subsequent laboratory tests carried out by Metcon in connectionwith the 2000 feasibility study by Bateman Kinhill on a 338kg bulksample yielded 90% recoveries from a combination of gravity, flotation,and cyanidation.Lion One considers these tests to be relevant as they demonstratedthat the ores tested were amenable to conventional treatment, but isnot relying on their conclusions as the current tests will be conductedunder different specifications using current processing technologies.If warranted, further test work will focus on developing a r ecoveryprocess flowsheet, assessing the economics of gold extraction, generatingcapital and operating cost models, and design parametersfor any proposed processing facilities.Strategic Elements applies for goldfieldSTRATEGIC Elements has lodged over the entire area of the historicGolden Blocks Goldfield on New Zealand’ s South Island. <strong>The</strong>131sqkm project has had no modern exploration and encompassesseven historic mines that produced about 39,154 ounces of gold.<strong>The</strong> largest mine was Aorangi, which r eportedly produced about30,688 ounces of gold at an average grade of 36 grams/tonne. Potentialexists for further hidden discoveries outside of the old minesthat would have not been visible to the old miners who were focusedonly on gold in quartz veins.<strong>The</strong> project also includes three areas which have potential for intrusion-relatedgold similar to OceanaGold’s nearby Sam’s Creek goldproject with a JORC-compliant 770,000 ounces of gold. <strong>The</strong>se areascontain gold mineralized acid porphyry in float and outcrop samples.ASX-listed Strategic will follow a pr oven strategy to explore thearea. Since OceanaGold opened the Globe Progress mine in Reefton,it has produced more than 250,000 ounces with a significantamount from haloes of gold mineralization surr ounding the quartzveins that were mined historically. Mine workings at the moder nopen cast pit also indicate shoots with extensive down plunge extentsnot mined by early miners. Shallow faults could also mean mineralizationthat may not be visible at surface. <strong>The</strong> company willfollow the OceanaGold appr oach to explore the Golden BlocksGoldfield for disseminated gold mineralization.May/June <strong>2012</strong> | <strong>ASIA</strong> <strong>Miner</strong> | 55