History of British animals - University of Guam Marine Laboratory

Grantia. ZOOPHYTA. SPONGIAD.E. 525Spongia comp. Fab. Fauna Groen. 448—S. foliacea, Mont. Wern.Mem. ii. 92. t. xii S. comp. Grant, New Edin. Phil. Journ. i. lCC.-ii.t. ii. f. 11, 12, 13-23.— On the under side of rocks near low watermark,common.Length seldom above an inch, white, ovate, and of uniform thicknessthroughout. The external surface is crowded with nnmerous spicula, thick,and bent at one end, tapering to the other ;the pores on the inner surfaceare larger, and the spicula triradiated ; besides these two well-marked formsof spicula, there are others linear, pointed, and of unequal lengths It isprobable that the radiated spicula of this or the following species constitutethe Asterias of AValker, Test. Min. t- iii. f. 90.113. G. botryoides.— Tubular, branched, inosculating, withsubclavate terminal simple orifices ;spicula triradiated.Spongia hot. Sol. Ell. Zooph. 190. t. 58. f. 1-4—S. complicata, Mont.Wern. Mem. ii. 97- t. 9. f. 3, 4.—At the roots of fuci, about low watermark,not uncommon.Branches in tufts, of a white colour, round, in some places adhering ; externallythe triradiated spicula are numerous ; internally they are few, andthe pores more obvious. The late Mr Montagu, to whom 1 communicatedspecimens of this species, having employed lenses with very weak magnifyingpowers, did not detect its peculiar spicula, and was in consequence ledto constitute a spurious species.114. G. ciliata.— Tubular, slightlycontracted towards theterminal aperture,the margin of which is ciliated.Spongia ciL Fab. Fauna Groen. 448.—S. cornata, Sol. Ell. Zooph. 190.t. lviii. f. 89. Mont. Wern. Mem. ii. 88—On fuci, near low watermark,not uncommon.About half an inch in length, and |th in thickness ;the surface is closelycovered with linear pointed spicula, having a terminal direction ; in the substanceof the sponge,besides these linear, there are other triradiated spicula.The internal surface is full of irregularly shaped pores.115. G — .pulverulenta. Ovate, thick, pulverulent, villous.Spongia ananas, var. Mont. Wern. Mem. ii. 97-t. xvi. f. 3—On corallines,rare.The substance of this speciesis thicker than the preceding, and the linearspicula on the surface are longer and more crowded; Montagu found hisspecimens on Cellaria scruposa ; mine were obtained from Serlularia cupressinaZetland.113. G. nivea.— Sessile, encrusting,with minute pores andcircular orifices ;spicula triradiate and quadriradiate.Spono-ia nivea, Grant, New Edin. Phil. Journ. i. 168-11. t. ii. f. 14, 15,Frith of16.—Under surface of sheltered rocks, Prestonpans Bay,Forth.Crust in patches, one or two inches in diameter, and about two lines inthickness ;the orifices are slightly elevated, thickened at the base, and verythin towards the margin ; spicula unequal, the side-arms of the quadriradiateones usually short.Sponges, the situation of which in the three ispreceding genera doubtful.1. S. digitata.—" With very slender, dichotomous branches, digitated at