JSOU Report 12-5––––––––136October 22, 2010: In <strong>the</strong> village <strong>of</strong> Kandahar near Ganuwa, unidentifiedmilitants attacked and killed a local village head, MohammedTukur.*November 19, 2010: In Maiduguri, two unidentified militants rid<strong>in</strong>gmotorcycles and armed with Kalashnikov style rifles fired upon andkilled three people <strong>in</strong> front <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Gomari Jumat Wahabi mosque.*November 29, 2010: In Borno, a militant armed with a firearm, twoswords, and a knife attempted to kill a village chief <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> chief’scompound.*December 24, 2010: In Jos, 38 people were killed and 74 o<strong>the</strong>rs were<strong>in</strong>jured when militants detonated four improvised explosive devicesmade with dynamite <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> Kabong shopp<strong>in</strong>g market just m<strong>in</strong>utesapart from one ano<strong>the</strong>r. <strong>Boko</strong> <strong>Haram</strong> claimed responsibility for <strong>the</strong>attack. Meanwhile, a private security guard <strong>in</strong> Maiduguri was killedby militants <strong>in</strong> two vehicles when <strong>the</strong>y fired on him with unknownfirearms and threw an unknown number <strong>of</strong> petrol bombs at <strong>the</strong>S<strong>in</strong>imari Church <strong>of</strong> Christ. The group also threw petrol bombs at <strong>the</strong>Dala Baptist Church, sett<strong>in</strong>g it on fire. Five people <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g a pastorwere killed and 25 o<strong>the</strong>r people were <strong>in</strong>jured when militants attacked<strong>the</strong> Victory Baptist Church with firearms and petrol bombs. <strong>Boko</strong><strong>Haram</strong> claimed responsibility for <strong>the</strong>se attacks as well.December 24, 2010: Triple bomb blasts <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> city <strong>of</strong> Jos killed over80 people and wounded several dozen o<strong>the</strong>rs, while over 100 peoplewere killed <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> reprisal attacks <strong>in</strong> its aftermath. In a statementpublished on what is thought to be its website, http://mansoorah.ne,<strong>Boko</strong> <strong>Haram</strong> claimed responsibility. 351December 28, 2010: In <strong>the</strong> Z<strong>in</strong>nari area <strong>of</strong> Maiduguri, unidentifiedmilitants fired on a teach<strong>in</strong>g hospital and killed one policeman andtwo civilians.*December 31, 2010: In <strong>the</strong> neighborhood <strong>of</strong> Jikowyi <strong>in</strong> Abuja city,unidentified militants detonated an improvised explosive device at<strong>the</strong> Dunamis Church.*January 28, 2011: <strong>the</strong> Borno state candidate <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> All <strong>Nigeria</strong> People’sParty (ANPP) for <strong>the</strong> April 2011 gubernatorial elections was assass<strong>in</strong>ated,along with his bro<strong>the</strong>r, four police <strong>of</strong>ficers and a 12-year oldboy. <strong>Boko</strong> <strong>Haram</strong> was blamed for <strong>the</strong> kill<strong>in</strong>gs, though <strong>the</strong>re is somedebate about this. 352
Forest: <strong>Boko</strong> <strong>Haram</strong>––––––––––April 9, 2011: A poll<strong>in</strong>g center <strong>in</strong> Maiduguri was bombed by suspectedmembers <strong>of</strong> <strong>Boko</strong> <strong>Haram</strong>.April 15, 2011: Members <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> sect bombed <strong>the</strong> Independent NationalElectoral Commission headquarters <strong>in</strong> Niger state.April 20, 2011: <strong>Boko</strong> <strong>Haram</strong> killed a Muslim cleric and ambushedseveral police <strong>of</strong>ficers <strong>in</strong> Maiduguri.April 22, 2011: <strong>Boko</strong> <strong>Haram</strong> freed 14 prisoners dur<strong>in</strong>g a jailbreak <strong>in</strong>Yola, Adamawa state. 353May 29, 2011: On <strong>the</strong> day <strong>of</strong> President Goodluck Jonathan’s <strong>in</strong>auguration,three bombs exploded with<strong>in</strong> m<strong>in</strong>utes <strong>of</strong> each o<strong>the</strong>r at an artillerybrigades <strong>in</strong> Bauchi kill<strong>in</strong>g 13 people and <strong>in</strong>jur<strong>in</strong>g more than 40 o<strong>the</strong>rs.Later that even<strong>in</strong>g, ano<strong>the</strong>r explosion occurred at a nearby dr<strong>in</strong>k<strong>in</strong>gestablishment <strong>in</strong> Shadawanka, kill<strong>in</strong>g six people. 354May 30, 2011: Three men shot and killed Abba-Anas Umar Garbai, <strong>the</strong>younger bro<strong>the</strong>r <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Shehu <strong>of</strong> Borno, <strong>the</strong> most prom<strong>in</strong>ent traditionaland Islamic spiritual leader <strong>in</strong> nor<strong>the</strong>astern <strong>Nigeria</strong>. 355 A spokesmanfor <strong>Boko</strong> <strong>Haram</strong> later claimed responsibility.June 6, 2011: Dur<strong>in</strong>g a week <strong>of</strong> attacks on a church and police stations<strong>in</strong> Maiduguri, at least 14 people were killed <strong>in</strong> three explosions,<strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g three people outside St Patrick’s Catholic Church; DavidUsman, pastor <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Church <strong>of</strong> Christ <strong>in</strong> <strong>Nigeria</strong>, was shot dead bygunmen on motorcycles; and Ibrahim Birkuti, a Muslim cleric whohad criticiszd <strong>Boko</strong> <strong>Haram</strong>, was shot dead outside his home <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong>town <strong>of</strong> Biu, roughly 120 miles south <strong>of</strong> Maiduguri. 356June 7, 2011: In Maiduguri, gunmen attacked three police stations and<strong>the</strong> Ramat Square parade ground. Four explosions went <strong>of</strong>f at Gwangepolice station, two at Dandal police station while <strong>the</strong> seventh bombexploded near St. Patrick’s (Catholic) church. A spokesman for <strong>Boko</strong><strong>Haram</strong> also claimed responsibility, acknowledg<strong>in</strong>g that three <strong>of</strong> itsmembers who attacked <strong>the</strong> Gwange police station were killed. 357June 16, 2011: Four children were killed <strong>in</strong> a church playground <strong>in</strong> anexplosion <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> town <strong>of</strong> Damboa, south <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> state capital Maiduguri,Borno state. 358 *June 16, 2011: <strong>Boko</strong> <strong>Haram</strong> used a suicide car bomber to attack <strong>Nigeria</strong>’spolice headquarters (Louis Edet House) <strong>in</strong> Abuja. The explosion killedeight people, shattered <strong>the</strong> glass w<strong>in</strong>dows <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> seven-story policeheadquarters and destroyed dozens <strong>of</strong> vehicles <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> park<strong>in</strong>g lot. 359137
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On the cover: Residents inspect a p
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This monograph and other JSOU publi
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Recent Publications of the JSOU Pre
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About the AuthorJames J.F. Forest,
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PrefaceThe Islamic sect Boko Haram
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AcknowledgmentsProducing this resea
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Forest: Boko Haramfactions as “ev
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Forest: Boko Haramdescribes grievan
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Forest: Boko Haramlike Nigeria with
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Forest: Boko HaramIdeological and R
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Forest: Boko Haramorganization depe
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Forest: Boko Harambut rather there
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Forest: Boko Haramtheir children, a
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Forest: Boko Haramthat a government
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JSOU Report 12-5of Guinea. This has
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JSOU Report 12-5In May 1967, Gowon
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JSOU Report 12-5Figure 2. File phot
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JSOU Report 12-5Figure 4. Goodluck
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JSOU Report 12-5occasions. These gr
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JSOU Report 12-5a slow, painful dea
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- Page 141 and 142: Forest: Boko HaramBibliographyAdeso
- Page 143 and 144: Forest: Boko HaramCragin, Kim and S
- Page 145 and 146: Forest: Boko HaramHamill, Todd J. R
- Page 147 and 148: Forest: Boko HaramLast, Murray. 200
- Page 149 and 150: Forest: Boko HaramOsaghae, Eghosa.
- Page 151 and 152: Forest: Boko HaramTerrorism: Psycho
- Page 153: Forest: Boko HaramAppendix A: Recen
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- Page 161 and 162: Forest: Boko HaramAppendix B: Addit
- Page 163 and 164: Forest: Boko HaramU.S. House of Rep
- Page 165 and 166: Forest: Boko HaramConflict Studies
- Page 167 and 168: Forest: Boko HaramOdinkalu, Chidi A
- Page 169 and 170: Forest: Boko HaramEndnotes1. Mike O
- Page 171 and 172: Forest: Boko Haram25. John Horgan,
- Page 173 and 174: Forest: Boko Haram58. John Campbell
- Page 175 and 176: Forest: Boko Haram100.101.102.103.I
- Page 177 and 178: Forest: Boko Haram131. Portions of
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- Page 183 and 184: Forest: Boko Haram214. Atika Balal,
- Page 185 and 186: Forest: Boko Haram248.Paul Ohia, Mi
- Page 187 and 188: Forest: Boko Haram273. UN Office fo
- Page 189 and 190: Forest: Boko Haram312. Eric Rosand,
- Page 191 and 192: Forest: Boko Haram339. Jessica Glic
- Page 193 and 194: Forest: Boko Haramafrica-13724349;
- Page 195 and 196: Forest: Boko Haram388. “Nigerian