Annual Diving Report - Divers Alert Network

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4. DIVE FATALITIES ● A 47-year-old male died of an apparent heart attack while climbing a ladder after diving. He had ignored shortness of breath after diving on the previous day. Entrapment in situations with known hazards (8 cases). ● Two divers were trapped in narrow caves. ● Two divers were entangled or trapped while wreck diving. ● One diver was crushed while inspecting a tug boat in shallow water. ● Two divers were trapped in drains, one in a pond and one in a canal. ● One diver was trapped under an ice-covered part of a lake. Equipment problems (7 cases). The true incidence of equipment failure is uncertain because equipment was tested in only 35 cases, and test results were available only for 15. Equipment was not retrieved in six cases, and in 47 cases, there was no record of equipment testing. One or more equipment problems were documented in seven cases. ● Five divers had BC problems. o Three divers appeared to have made errors using their equipment. o Two divers could not inflate their BCs because of malfunction. Both sank to the bottom and drowned. ● One diver drowned due to inhalation of water from a missing diaphragm seal on his regulator. ● One diver using surface-supplied air had a knot in the supply hose that may have contributed to his death by reducing air flow. 4.4.6 Buddy system A common diving safety recommendation is for divers to dive as buddy pairs. Figure 4.4.6-1 shows the number of divers in the dive party or group that included the diver who died. In 10 percent of accidents the diver was diving alone. In another 10 percent, the diver was with a group but dived alone. 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 1 2 3-4 5-8 >8 Number of Divers in Party Figure 4.4.6-1 Number of divers in party (n=66). Annual Diving Report: 2006 Edition 57
4. DIVE FATALITIES The number of divers in the diving team is shown in Figure 4.4.6-2. The dive started with a formal buddy system in 45 percent of cases and with three or more divers in 19 percent. Fifty-three percent of the buddy teams separated during the dive and so really did not follow the buddy system. Separation of divers was sometimes a matter of choice and sometimes accidental. In some cases divers separated at the beginning of the dive because one diver delayed descent due to difficulty equalizing or needed some kind of equipment adjustment. Another typical separation occurred towards the end of the dive when one diver got low on breathing gas and ascended to the surface leaving the buddy behind. 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Solo diving Pair of divers Three or more Dive Team Figure 4.4.6-2 Number of divers in team (n=66). 58 Annual Diving Report: 2006 Edition
Page 1 and 2:
ANNUAL DIVING REPORT 2006 EDITION F
Page 3 and 4:
Acknowledgments Data for the 2006 R
Page 5 and 6:
International DAN Offices DAN Ameri
Page 7 and 8: 1. INTRODUCTION PDE is a prospectiv
Page 9 and 10: 1.2 Annual Diving Injury and Fatali
Page 11 and 12: 1. INTRODUCTION 48 years from 1989
Page 13 and 14: 2. PROJECT DIVE EXPLORATION The Sca
Page 15 and 16: 2. PROJECT DIVE EXPLORATION Table 2
Page 17 and 18: 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 2. PROJECT D
Page 19 and 20: 2.4 Dive Profiles 2. PROJECT DIVE E
Page 21 and 22: Percentage of Dives Percent of Dive
Page 23 and 24: Percentage of Dives 80 60 40 20 0 C
Page 25 and 26: 2. PROJECT DIVE EXPLORATION Ambiguo
Page 27 and 28: 2.5.2 Non-DCI Injury or Symptoms 2.
Page 29 and 30: 0 -40 -60 -80 -100 -120 -140 -160 2
Page 31 and 32: Case #3. Mild neurological DCS (DCS
Page 33 and 34: 3. DIVE INJURIES 3. DIVE INJURIES T
Page 35 and 36: 3. DIVE INJURIES treat fewer than 1
Page 37 and 38: 3. DIVE INJURIES The frequency of d
Page 39 and 40: Dizziness/Vertigo Skin Pulmonary He
Page 41 and 42: 3. DIVE INJURIES Figure 3.4-5 indic
Page 43 and 44: Percent of Cases 50 40 30 20 10 0 C
Page 45 and 46: 4. DIVE FATALITIES Table 4.1-1 Numb
Page 47 and 48: Percent of Fatalities 45 40 35 30 2
Page 49 and 50: 4. DIVE FATALITIES Figure 4.2-5 sho
Page 51 and 52: 4. DIVE FATALITIES Figure 4.3-3 sho
Page 53 and 54: 50 40 30 20 10 0 Surface pre-dive D
Page 55 and 56: Percent of Fatalities 30 20 10 70 6
Page 57: 4. DIVE FATALITIES Emergency ascent
Page 61 and 62: 5. BREATH-HOLD DIVING Details on th
Page 63 and 64: Number of Cases of Cases 10 8 6 4 2
Page 65 and 66: APPENDIX A. DIVE INJURY CASE REPORT
Page 71 and 72: APPENDIX B. DIVE FATALITY CASE REPO
Page 93 and 94: APPENDIX C. BREATH-HOLD INCIDENT CA
Page 95 and 96: 2004 Publications Refereed Articles
Page 97 and 98: computers. Undersea Hyperb Med 2004
Page 99 and 100: Vann RD, Wachholz CJ, Nord DA, Deno
Page 101 and 102: NOTES 100 Annual Diving Report: 200
Page 103: www.DiversAlertNetwork.org
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