Soft Power of Defence Diplomacy: A New Approach ... - ISIS Malaysia

15Appendix 2: US military cooperation and assistance programmes• International Military Education and Training (IMET): the primaryprogramme supporting the training of foreign military personnel (and alimited number of civilians) at US military training and educationinstitutions; also provides US military training and education in othercountries.• Expanded IMET (E-IMET): a sub-programme of IMET, mandated by theUS Congress in 1991, which focuses on non-combat and non-technicaltraining in areas such as defence management, civil-military relations andmilitary justice; approximately 30% of IMET-funded courses fall into theE-IMET category.• Foreign Military Interaction (FMI): a programme supporting a wide rangeof military-to-military contacts with other states.• Foreign Military Financing (FMF): grants and loans to help other states tobuy US military equipment, defence services and training; primarilysupports arms transfers to other states, but also supports training and otheractivities.• Joint Combine Exchange Training Programme (JCET): a programmeallowing US special forces to train with or provide training to foreignmilitary overseas.• Foreign Military Sales (FMS): the main programme for government-togovernmentsales of weapons to other states; the Department of Defenceserves as an intermediary and often provides maintenance and training.• Emergency drawdown and Excess Defence Articles (EDA): programmesallowing the US government to transfer weapons and training to otherstates in emergency circumstances or to dispose of surplus militaryequipment• Enhanced International Peacekeeping Capabilities (EIPC) Initiative: aninitiative designed to enhance the ability of other states to contribute tointernational peacekeeping missions.Source: Cottey, Andrew, Anthony Forster, Reshaping Defence Diplomacy: NewRoles for Military Cooperation and Assistance, Adelphi Series, Vol. 44, No. 365,2004, p. 10.