Rental Housing - UN-Habitat

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IV.F. Mobility and eviction...............................................................................91IV.G. Landlord-tenant conflict..........................................................................94V. Public policy: Debunking the myths.............................................................103V.A. Myth 1: ‘Everyone owns in affluent countries’......................................103V.B. Myth 2: ‘Everyone wants to be a homeowner’ .......................................105V.C. Myth 3: ‘Ownership offers people a better life’ .....................................112V.D. Myth 4: ‘No one invests in rental housing’ ............................................116V.E. Myth 5: ‘Renting is inequitable’ .............................................................118V.F. Myth 6: ‘Governments should prohibit the renting of poor qualityaccommodation’...................................................................................120V.G. Myth 7: ‘Mobility is bad for you’...........................................................123V.H. Myth 8: ‘Homeownership encourages the emergence of a politicallystable society’ ......................................................................................125VI. Appropriate forms of public intervention and assistance .........................131VI.A. Determining the appropriate level of government responsibility ..........131VI.B. A balanced government housing policy ................................................134VI.C. Encouraging large-scale investment in rental housing ..........................136VI.D. Encouraging the self-help landlord .......................................................140VI.E. Improving the quality of the housing stock ...........................................152VI.F. Affordability and rent control measures ................................................158VI.G. Affordability and the role of subsidies ..................................................162VI.H. Conciliation and arbitration...................................................................164VII. Promoting rental housing: An international agenda ............................... 171VII.A. Stimulating a debate about rental housing ...........................................171VII.B. Human rights and tenure ......................................................................173VII.C. Persuading governments to include renting in their policy agendas ....180VII.D. Research needs.....................................................................................182VII.E. The ultimate task ..................................................................................183List of references.................................................................................................187Appendices: Choice of case studies....................................................................213Appendix 1. South African rental housing ......................................................215Appendix 2. Reviving private investment in rental housing in Colombia.......225Appendix 3. Leasing: The best of renting and owning?..................................231Appendix 4. The accelerated repossession procedure in the UnitedKingdom .............................................................................................. 235Appendix 5. The rental slums of Kenya..........................................................237Appendix 6. The family dimension: Sharing West African style....................241Appendix 7. Is the “American Dream” materialized in housing? ...................247viii<strong>Rental</strong> housing
Page 1: Rental HousingAn essential option f
Page 7: ContentsPreface ...................
Page 11 and 12: List of acronyms and special termsA
Page 15 and 16: OntologicalsecurityOwner‘Pirate
Page 17 and 18: TugurioUNCHSUNCRDUNDPUNECEUNECLACUN
Page 19 and 20: Executive summary1. Few governments
Page 21 and 22: a better life; ownership always pro
Page 23 and 24: I. Introduction: The significance o
Page 25 and 26: Many governments have neglected ren
Page 27: irrelevant. Despite arguments that
Page 31 and 32: Table 1. Housing tenure for selecte
Page 39 and 40: I.F.1. Rural versus urban versus me
Page 41 and 42: Despite this proximate relationship
Page 43 and 44: One reason is that the cost of land
Page 45 and 46: 46. Mwangi, 1997: 141.47. Korboe, 1
Page 47 and 48: II. The nature of the rental housin
Page 49 and 50: In most developed countries, the va
Page 51 and 52: Photograph 1: Council housing in Ca
Page 53 and 54: Photograph 2: Public rental housing
Page 55 and 56: In the early 1990s, USAID denounced
Page 57 and 58: Box 1. (continued).obligation to us
Page 59 and 60:
It is most unlikely that these coop
Page 61 and 62:
Photograph 3: Renovated hostel acco
Page 63 and 64:
Photograph 4: Rental housing in one
Page 65 and 66:
But the real exception is Kenya whe
Page 67 and 68:
Photograph 6: Backyard accommodatio
Page 69 and 70:
ments, hotels and pensions”. Simi
Page 71 and 72:
A similar pattern is found in other
Page 73 and 74:
44. Almarza, 1997; Chiappe de Villa
Page 75 and 76:
III. Landlords, tenants and sharers
Page 77 and 78:
ever, in Soweto, Johannesburg, land
Page 79 and 80:
Contemporary landlords in most poor
Page 81 and 82:
Table 11 provides some support for
Page 83 and 84:
In the United Kingdom:“private re
Page 85 and 86:
In Bamako, Mali, 25 per cent of nat
Page 87 and 88:
“longer-term sharing can also hav
Page 89 and 90:
Differences in the incidence of sha
Page 91 and 92:
are unschooled in accounting practi
Page 93 and 94:
Often renting is only a temporary a
Page 95 and 96:
43. De Decker, 2001: 27.44. Varady
Page 97 and 98:
133. Chant and Ward, 1987.134. Gilb
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IV. Problematic issues in rental ho
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IV.B. Rent levelsLandlords, and par
Page 103 and 104:
per cent of their income on rent, w
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doubt the poor Mexican landlord was
Page 107 and 108:
In Latin American cities, many poor
Page 109 and 110:
Figure 2. Service levels and rental
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egarded by many of the people in th
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IV.F. Mobility and evictionTenant f
Page 115 and 116:
comes, owning and renting are not s
Page 117 and 118:
moved due to strained relations wit
Page 119 and 120:
Table 12. Landlord-tenant relations
Page 121 and 122:
Notes1. De Decker, 2001: 35.2. Davi
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92. Gilbert, 2003; Huchzermeyer, 20
Page 125 and 126:
V. Public policy: Debunking the myt
Page 127 and 128:
Other developed countries have actu
Page 129 and 130:
deserved affluence”. 27 Ownership
Page 131 and 132:
ility for future tenure options. Th
Page 133 and 134:
their accommodation” 52 and, in S
Page 135 and 136:
Kingdom, governments strongly encou
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families gain from owning a home, t
Page 139 and 140:
Gradually, however, in most countri
Page 141:
the police and judiciary to evict t
Page 144 and 145:
“choice at different stages of th
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The lesson must be that rules do no
Page 148 and 149:
course, Netherlands, Germany and Sw
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45. Rodríguez and Icaza, 1993: 44.
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136. Saunders, 1990.137. Flood, 200
Page 154 and 155:
consensus is limited to those eleme
Page 156 and 157:
of satisfying that promise. Of cour
Page 158 and 159:
Such a view has been espoused by ma
Page 160 and 161:
attempts were made to stimulate pri
Page 162 and 163:
In theory, cooperatives have a majo
Page 164 and 165:
Box 3. (continued).Buildings will t
Page 166 and 167:
The recently approved Colombian ren
Page 168 and 169:
Interest in this kind of approach i
Page 170 and 171:
epaying a loan to be a burden that
Page 172 and 173:
Photograph 8: At risk in an earthqu
Page 174 and 175:
Venezuelan landlords are frightened
Page 176 and 177:
electrical connections to backyard
Page 178 and 179:
Where the authorities are prepared
Page 180 and 181:
medium and long-term, through mutua
Page 182 and 183:
is sometimes exaggerated and contra
Page 184 and 185:
“Economists are very critical of
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more than one-quarter of all househ
Page 188 and 189:
Colombia, a society that has more t
Page 190 and 191:
42. Kumar, 2001: 7.43. Kumar, 2001:
Page 192 and 193:
133. Ramaswamy and Charavarti, 1997
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“the first priority in redressing
Page 196 and 197:
national) law. Thus, renewed commit
Page 198 and 199:
parties - to every landlord-tenant
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security of tenure would presumably
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even in the United States of Americ
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convince some policy makers that al
Page 206 and 207:
cannot afford adequate housing to i
Page 208 and 209:
186 Rental housing
Page 210 and 211:
——, Archer, R.W., Tanphiphat, S
Page 212 and 213:
Castro, S. Rabello de, (2002), “F
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Deprés, C., (1993), “A hybrid st
Page 216 and 217:
Secure land tenure for the urban po
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Green, G., (1988), “The quest for
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IYSH (International Year of Shelter
Page 222 and 223:
——, (1990), “The state and ho
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Mugo, P.N., (2000), “An analysis
Page 226 and 227:
Pugh, C., (1987), “Housing in Sin
Page 228 and 229:
Skinner, R.J., Taylor, J.L. and Weg
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——, (1997), The Istanbul Declar
Page 232 and 233:
Varley, A., (1987), “The relation
Page 234 and 235:
212 Rental housing
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to be spent on maintenance; overcro
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The neglect of rental housingSome a
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1999 was intended to provide a nati
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1,700 units. Two more projects in B
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demonstrated that one-quarter of So
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224 Rental housing
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work. Housing production would incr
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most cases to go to court. In those
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230 Rental housing
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Apart from the doubts of bankers an
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234 Rental housing
Page 258 and 259:
Most landlords seek possession beca
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fuel, education, health care, adequ
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240 Rental housing
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Box 6. Family housing in Bamako, Ma
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investing in certain kinds of prope
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246 Rental housing
Page 270 and 271:
concerned citizen of his community.
Page 272 and 273:
estate markets for African American
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