bmdo technologies for biomedical applications - MDA Technology

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CHIP-STACKING TECHNOLOGYFROM IRVINE SENSORS & JPLBMDO HISTORYTo fit ever more circuitry into computers, manufacturers and designers havedemanded narrow line widths and novel chip architectures. Chip stackingis one approach to both increase the speed and decrease the size of multichipmodules (MCMs). This 3-D architecture would shorten chip interconnections,thus producing smaller, faster MCMs. BMDO has funded researchinto this technology at Irvine SensorsCorporation (ISC; Costa Mesa, CA) and theVisual processing takes upJet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL; Pasadena,CA) for a number of programs, includinga little more than half theVIGILANTE, an Innovative Science andbrain’s workload. Humans Technology project that has as its goal thedevelopment of a neural-network moduleare so pictorially oriented that can perform image recognition.• 3-D neural networks can quicklyprocess and analyze images.that the blind can interprettouch as a visual signal.Neural activity in areas ofthe brain that subservevision can be stimulatedby tracing outlines ofsimple objects on theskin of a blind subject.HOW IT WORKSISC creates its MCMs by thinning eachwafer layer to less than 100 micrometers,patterning it, and dicing it to form separateintegrated circuits. After surface metallization,the chips are stacked together, aligned,and bonded with a thermally compatibleepoxy. Raised metallic leads on the surfaceof each chip provide electrical contactbetween adjacent chip elements. Thesethrough-thickness electrical connectionsreduce circuit path lengths and therebyincrease the module’s operating speed. Theshorter current paths also reduce overallpower consumption.16Using this technology, ISC and JPL are working on a 3-D neural-networkmicroprocessor. Artificial neural networks are designed to behave approximatelyas human brains are thought to function; they enable patternrecognition and learning behaviors that are difficult for conventional computersto handle. Thus, a neural-network processor involves large numbersof data and processing nodes that continuously interact with each other.The ISC chip-stacking techniques can achieve the high interconnectiondensities necessary to construct an efficient and fast neural network.JPL and ISC jointly developed and designed a 3-D neural-network microprocessingmodule called 3DANN, as well as a new device called theNeural Processing Module (NPM). The 3DANN module is three-quartersthe size of two stacked sugar cubes; 64 of them will be integrated into acube to form the NPM. Mounted on the cube will be a column loadingChapter 1 - Information TechnologiesSection A - PresentationBMDO Technologies for Biomedical Applications
input circuit chip to convert video data from digital to analog form for parallelprocessing. This image-processing device is expected to be able to performspecialized functions at up to a trillion operations per second.MEDICAL SIGNIFICANCEMedical imaging applications demand an enormous amount of datathroughput for downloading and reviewing x-rays, computed tomographyscans, MRIs, and ultrasound studies in a timely and clinically practicalmanner. Just one mammogram can contain 24 to 40 megabytes of pixeldata. Considering that a single radiological consult on a suspicious mammogramrequires eight separate images (four current views compared withfour historical views), one patient means 192 to 320 megabytes of data.Anyone who has twiddled thumbs while downloading mere kilobytes ofdata over a pretty good T1 line will immediately recognize the problem.ISC’s device can process more than 15,000 images that are 64 x 64 pixelseach, while the embedded neural network can supplement the throughputfunction with computer-aided diagnosis software. As filmless or digitalmammography comes into common use, the 3-D processor will be inherentlycompatible with such systems.• This compact processor will meet theneeds of shrinking device sizes.VENTURES OR PRODUCT AVAILABILITYA military demonstration of the chip is scheduled for late summer 1997.CONTACTIrvine Sensors CorporationLynn O’Mara3001 Redhill Avenue, Building 3Costa Mesa, CA 92626Telephone: (714) 444-8718Facsimile: (714) 557-1260Email: lomara@irvine-sensors.comWWW: http://www.irvine-sensors.com17BMDO Technologies for Biomedical ApplicationsChapter 1 - Information TechnologiesSection A - Presentation
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