bmdo technologies for biomedical applications - MDA Technology

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28SIMPLE ISOTOPE SEPARATION• A faster, cheaper method of separatingisotopes can help visualize brain function.BMDO HISTORYNanoDynamics, Inc. (New York, NY), developed a method for separatingcarbon isotopes through a BMDO Phase I SBIR contract for synthetic diamondfilm growth. BMDO has had a long-term interest in diamond substratesbecause of their superior thermal and conductive properties inmicroelectronic devices. Through this research, NanoDynamics found aneconomical method of separating carbon-12 and carbon-13 from natural carbonFor decades, gastricsources. The method can reduce the cost ofenriched carbon-12 from $100 to less thanulcers were considered a$10 per gram.result of excessive stomachacid production orHOW IT WORKSNanoDynamics’ separation process takesadvantage of the difference between thestress, until a determined masses of the two isotopes, in a methodcalled time-of-flight separation. The methaneresearcher deliberately gas from which the carbon isotopes are isolatedis accelerated to supersonic speeds, anddrank a solution containingHelicobacter pylori. Itthe two isotopes are collected from two separaterotating nozzles. This “garden hose”separation method is much more cost-effectivethan conventional distillation methods.took just a few moreMEDICAL SIGNIFICANCEyears to confirm that theCarbon-13 is a nonradioactive isotope thathas at least two medical applications in diagnosticmedicine. The first is as a constituentbacterium causes theof urea, which is administered orally as partgreat majority of ulcersof a simple test for the ulcer-causingin the stomach.pathogen Helicobacter pylori. The bacteriumingests the urea and excretes it as carbondioxide (CO2) as part of its metabolic waste.With a breath analyzer, the expired CO2 is analyzed for isotopic content,indicating the presence or absence of the bacterium. The breath test is amajor improvement over the two alternative procedures for detection,blood tests for antibodies to the organism and endoscopic stomach biopsy.A similar breath test can be used for nutritional studies, but with aminoacids tagged with the isotope. This information can be used to study ratesof protein turnover (how fast one uses proteins), energy expenditure(metabolic rate), and nutritional availability of certain foodstuffs.Chapter 2 - Observation TechnologiesSection A - DetectionBMDO Technologies for Biomedical Applications
Because it has properties that make it easy to detect in an MRI examination,carbon-13 can also be used as a constituent of glucose for functional MRIstudies. For instance, glucose utilization in the brain is routinely studied asa window into brain function. Neurologists ask patients to perform tasksand observe which areas of the brain “light up” because of increased glucoseutilization. In this way, researchers can deduce the basic functions of brainareas, and clinicians can assess patients for loss or gain of function duringthe course of a disease.VENTURES OR PRODUCT AVAILABILITYNanoDynamics is seeking partnerships to develop products.CONTACTNanoDynamics, Inc.Chia-Gee Wang, Ph.D.510 East 73rd StreetNew York, NY 10021Telephone: (212) 249-2232Facsimile: (212) 249-402129BMDO Technologies for Biomedical ApplicationsChapter 2 - Observation TechnologiesSection A - Detection
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