Brazil (Part VIII, English version) - Convention on Biological Diversity

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Ministry of Environmentconservation of renewable natural resources 12%; ProtectedAreas 9%; institutional development and strengthening 7%(Figure 3-8).12%9%7%30%From 1991 to 1997, NGOs received more than half theresources (51%). Federal institutions received 15%, and 9%went to state agencies. Municipalities with less than 120,000inhabitants received 22%, and those with a population ofmore than 120,000 inhabitants received 3% (Figure 3-9). Interms of the number of projects supported; NGOs contributed54%; federal organs 17%; state agencies 14%; municipaldistricts with less than 120,000 inhabitants received 13% andthose with over 120,000 inhabitants 2% (Figure 3-10).Considering geographical regions, 31% of the projectswere in the south-east; 30% in the south; 14% in the centralwest;13% in the north-east and 12% in the north (Figure 3-10). In terms of the distribution of the financial resources,the south received 32%; the south-east 31%; the north-east14%; the central-west 14%; and the north 9% (Figure 3-12).In terms of both the number of projects and the amount offinancing, more than 60% of the support was concentratedin the south and south-east. The smaller participation of thenorth and north-east is attributed to difficulties in formulatingtechnically adequate proposals, and less availability ofinformation is available in these areas. Besides, there areother sources of funding available for the Amazon (northernregion). Of all the projects supported by FNMA (up to March1997), 141 were directly related to biodiversity, almost 30%and with a combined total of R$ 6,536,640.70.New resources in the order of US$ 75 million are being17%Environmental educationand disseminationExtractivism, ForestManagement/ Conservationof natural resourcesResearch & technologicaldevelopmentProtected Areas25%Environmental ControlInstitutionalstrengtheningand developmentFigure 3-8. The percentage of projects (totalling 498) in differentareas supported by the National Environment Fund (FNMA)between November 1990 and September 1997.Source: <strong>Brazil</strong>, MMA, Secretaria de Coordenação dos Assuntosdo Meio Ambiente. 1997. O FNMA. Brasília. (Internal document).negotiated for the FNMA: US$ 45 million from a new IDBloan and US$ 30 million as the <strong>Brazil</strong>ian Governmentcontribution. The FNMA Co-ordination has already received275 project proposals for these resources, 39% of whichinvolve biodiversity (107 proposals totalling R$ 9,940,489.63).Thirty-four per cent of these proposals are from the south,28% from the south-east, 16% from the north-east, 12% fromthe central-west and 10% from the north. Thirty-five per centare from NGOs, 29% from small municipalities, 21% from federalorgans, 10% from municipal agencies, and 5% from thelarger municipal districts.14 %13 %6 %32 %According to topic, the largest demand is in the field offorestry extension, sustainable management andconservation of renewable natural resources (37%). Nextcomes technological research and development (32%),protected areas (25%, environmental control (3%),environmental education and diffusion (2%) andtechnological development and strengthening (1%).Extractivism, Forest Management/Conservation of natural resourcesProtected areas16 % 19 %Environmental education & disseminationResearch and technological developmentEnvironmental controlInstitutional strengthening & developmentFigure 3-7. Distribution of disbursements (totallingUS$26,021,003.86) for different thematic areas by the NationalEnvironment Fund (FNMA) between November 1990 andSeptember 1997.Source: <strong>Brazil</strong>, MMA, Secretaria de Coordenação dosAssuntos do meio Ambiente. 1997. O FNMA. Brasília.(Internal document).FNMA’s contribution to the conservation and sustainableuse of biodiversity has involved support in a number ofareas:• The implantation of protected areas and managementplans;• Restoration of degraded areas with the establishmentof agroforestry systems, the reconstitution of galleryforest, and agro-ecological programmes;• Research on biodiversity in protected areas;• Training in the administration and management ofprotected areas;136
First national report for the <strong>Convention</strong> on Biological Diversity - BRAZIL9%3%15%51%NGOMunicipalities with less than 120,000 inhabitantsFederalStateMunicipalities with more than 120,000 inhabitants22%Figure 3-9. Distribution of disbursements (totalling US$26,021,003.86) for different categories of organisations by theNational Environment Fund (FNMA) between November 1990 and September 1997.Source: <strong>Brazil</strong>, MMA, Secretaria de Coordenação dos Assuntos do Meio Ambiente. 1997. O FNMA. Brasília. (Internaldocument).14%2%17%54%NGOMunicipalities with less than 120,000 inhabitantsFederalStateMunicipalities with more than 120,000 inhabitants13%Figure 3-10. Distribution of projects (totalling 498) for different categories of organisations by the NationalEnvironment Fund (FNMA) between November 1990 and September 1997.Source: <strong>Brazil</strong>, MMA, Secretaria de Coordenação dos Assuntos do Meio Ambiente. 1997. O FNMA.Brasília. (Internal document).13%14%12%30%31%South-eastSouthCentral-westNorth-eastNorthFigure 3-11. Distribution of projects (totalling 498) for different regions of the country by the National Environment Fund(FNMA) between November 1990 and September 1997.<strong>Brazil</strong>ian Regions are shown in Figure 1.1.Source: <strong>Brazil</strong>, MMA, Secretaria de Coordenação dos Assuntos do Meio Ambiente. 1997. O FNMA. Brasília. (Internaldocument).14%14%9%32%31%South-eastSouthNorth-eastCentral-westNorthFigure 3-12. Distribution of disbursements (totalling US$26,021,003.86) for different regions of the country by the NationalEnvironment Fund (FNMA) between November 1990 and September 1997.<strong>Brazil</strong>ian Regions are shown in Figure 1.1.Source: <strong>Brazil</strong>, MMA, Secretaria de Coordenação dos Assuntos do Meio Ambiente. 1997. O FNMA. Brasília. (Internaldocument).137
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Brazil (Part VIII, English version) - Convention on Biological Diversity

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