ODP Final Technical Report - Ocean Drilling Program - Texas A&M ...

Executive Summarymanagerial, and other matters regarding theoverall support of ODP.Joint Oceanographic Institutions, Inc. (JOI),now known as the Consortium for OceanLeadership, Inc., provided central managementand, through subcontractors, the fullarray of services at sea and on land for ODP.Texas A&M University (TAMU) served asScience Operator, and the Borehole ResearchGroup (BRG) at Lamont-Doherty EarthObservatory (LDEO) of Columbia Universityprovided logging and other wireline services.LDEO also provided Site Survey Data Bankservices. JOI’s responsibilities as ProgramManager also included management or supportof a number of Program-related activities,including the Joint Oceanographic Institutionsfor Deep Earth Sampling (JOIDES) ScienceAdvisory Structure (SAS) for ODP through theJOIDES office. Additionally, under a separatecontract, JOI managed the U.S. ScienceSupport Program (USSSP), which supportedU.S. scientists’ participation in ODP and carriedout much of the Program’s educationaloutreach efforts (e.g., Distinguished LectureSeries, Schlanger Fellowships, etc.).Scientific direction for ODP was providedby JOIDES, an international organization ofadvisory committees and panels that providedplanning and program advice regardingscience goals and objectives, facilities, scientificpersonnel, and operating procedures.Long-range planning for the Program wasconducted utilizing reports generated fromthe 1981 and 1987 Conferences on ScientificOcean Drilling (COSOD) and 1993 U.S. Committeeon Post-1998 Ocean Drilling (COM-POST) meeting, 1990 and 1996 ODP LongRange Plans, 65 Predrilling Workshops heldbetween 1985 and 2003, and recommendationsthat were provided every 3–5 years by apanel of experts called the Performance EvaluationCommittee (PEC).“ODP was an internationalpartnership… organized to exploreEarth’s history and structureas recorded in the ocean basins.”Scientists representing the ODP partnersreviewed drilling proposals and participated ineach ODP research cruise. This unique formatbrought together researchers from universities,industry, and government laboratories inthe member nations to work in a state-of-theartshipboard laboratory on focused scientific1986 19871989Leg 108, Eastern TropicalAtlantic: Documenteda shift to drier climatein Central East Africathought to have been theimpetus for human migrationfrom Africa starting2 million years ago.Leg 113, Weddell Sea:Cored southernmost siteat 70.8°S and documentedthe establishment of apermanent West Antarcticice sheet at ~5 Ma.Leg 115, MascarenePlateau: Recovered firstevidence of long-livedhotspot tracks.Leg 116, Distal BengalFan: Established thehypothesis that uplift ofthe Himalayas enhancedglobal cooling.Leg 128, Japan Sea:Installed the first longtermocean-bottomseismometer in one of theworld’s most activeearthquake zones, offwestern Japan.