New and poorly known Valanginian ammonites from South-West ...

BULLETIN DE L'INSTITUT ROYAL DES SCIENCES NATURELLES DE BELGIQUEBULLETIN VAN HET KONINKL1JK BELOISCH INST1TUUT VOOR NATUURWETENSCHAPPENSCIENCES DE LA TERRE, 70: S5-I20. 2000AARDWETENSCHAPPEN, 70: 89-120. 2000New and poorly known Valanginian ammonites from South-West Crimeaby Evgenij J. BARABOSHKIN & Irina A. MIKHAILOVAAbstract.kiceras inosiranzewi: pi. X, fig. 8a-b. pi. XXVI, fig. 11),H. biassalensis (- Karakaschiceras biassalense: pi. X,A revision of Valanginian ammonites from South-West Crimea has fig. 9a-b, pi. XII, fig. 2, pi. XXVI, fig. 4; Karakaschicerasrevealed a great variety of representatives of the family Neocomitidae.The following taxa are described: Lttppovella (Neoluppovelta) subgen.(?) sp. : pi. XI, fig. 3). H. desmoceroides {= Leopoldianov, Luppovella (Neohippovella) spinosa subgen.et sp. nov., BelbekicerasBARABOSHKIN, 1997, Belbekiceraa belbekii BARABOSHKIN, 1997, and II. Arnoldi (= Neohophceras pi. XIII, fig. 3a-b,desmoceroides: pi, XII, fig. 1; pi. XXVIII, fig. 10)Bodrakiceras gen. nov., Bodrakiceras constriction sp. nov., BusnardoitesNIKOLOV, 1977, Busnardoites (?) kojasdjilgensis sp, nov., Cam­p. 78) KARAKASCH referred mainly to the Hauterivian,pylotoxia gen. nov., Campylotoxia campylotoxa (UHLIO, 1902), Campylotoxiacampylotoxa densocostata subsp. nov,, Campylotoxia evolu-(p. 416). In his final biostratigraphical schema (thebut noted that they occurred with Valanginian formsta sp. nov,, Pseudacanthodiscus BAKABOSHKIN, 1997, Pseudacantho­adapted table between pp. 442 and 443) KARAKASCHdiscus crymicus BARABOSHKIN, 1997.Key-words: Crimea, Lower Cretaceous, Valanginian, ammonites,Neocomitidae.ResumeLa revision des ammonites du Valanginien du sud-ouest de ia Crimeea revele la grande variete des representants dc la famille des Neocomitidae.Les taxa suivants sonl decrits: Luppovelia (Neoluppovelta)subgen. nov, Lttppovella (Neoluppovelta) spinosa subgen.et sp. nov.,Belbekiceras BARABOSHKIN,1997. Belbekiceras belbekii BARABOSH­KIN. 1997, Bodrakiceras gen. nov., Bodrakiceras constrictum sp. nov..Busnardoites NIKOLOV, 1977, Busnardoites (?) kojasdjilgensis sp. nov.,Campylotoxia gen. nov., Campylotoxia campylotoxa (UHLIC, 1902), Recent investigations by BARABOSHKIN & MIKHAILOVACampylotoxia campylotoxa densocostata subsp. nov. TCampylotoxia (1994), BARABOSHKIN, (1997a,b), BARABOSHKIN &evoluta sp. nov,, Pseudacanthodiscus BARABOSHKIN, 1997',Psettdacanihodiscyscrymicus BARABOSHKIN, 1997.YANIN (1997) in the Bakhchisaray region (Belbek, Kacha,Bodrak Rivers) have demonstrated lhat most of theMots-clefs: Crimee, Cretace infejieur, Valanginien, ammonites, Neocomitidae.IntroductionThe Valanginian deposits and ammonite faunas of South-West Crimea were described by KARAKASCH (1889,1907,etc.). According to him (KARAKASCH, 1907), several levelsof conglomerates and sandstones with "Hoplitesoxygonius, Ostrea rectangularis'" were determined asValanginian (Table I). A part of the grey sandstonesabove with "Duvalia dilatata, Crioceras DuvaW* andother fossils was referred by him to the Hauterivian.Ammonites of the "Hoplites Leopold}" group: II. Leopold!(= Bodrakiceras sp.: pi. X, 2 la-b; Karaknschicerasbiassalense: pi. XIII, fig. 7a-b, pi. XXVI, fig. 10; Bodra­excluded most of these ammonites because of uncertaintiesin their interpretation. The biostratigraphical schemeof KARAKASCH was accepted by DRUSHITS (1960) exceptfor the Valanginian. DRUSHITS assumed the Valanginianfauna was redeposited in the basal sediments of theHauterivian. Most of the geologists who worked inthis region after DRUSHITS, used his scheme to definethe stratigraphical position of rocks. The error arosefrom an incorrect determination of the ammonite genus"Leopoldia " that DRUSHITS supposed to be Early Hauterivian."Hauterivian' 1succession must be referred to the Valanginian.The revision of the ammonite fauna collected bygeologists and students of Moscow State University overa period of 40 years has demonstrated the high diversityof Neocomitidae in this region. This article revises theammonites and deals with some new representatives ofthe Neocomitidae from the Lower Valanginian (mainly)of Belbek, Kacha and Bodrak Rivers (Figure 1). The bednumbering used in the article was taken from BARA­BOSHKIN & YANIN (1997).For the ammonite shell morphology we have used theinternational terminology. For the suture line we used theterminology developed by the "Russian School 1 " (seeMIKHAILOVA, 1983 for details). Measurements (Figure2), which seem to be important are given in mm (sizes)and in degrees (angles) after BARABOSHKIN & MIKHALOVA(1994).

Belbek River,Sbrosovy Log RavineDlinnaya Mt.,Prokhladnoe VillageCrjbrs2V J i t v

New and poorly known Valanginian ammonites from South-West Crimea 91Fig. 2 — The sculpture of Neohoploceras submartini (MALLADA) and main measurements (adopted after BAHABOSHKIN &MIKH AIL.OVA, 1994). Size (in mm): Diameter: D - of ihe shell, Du - of umbilicus; H - height of the whorl; Width: W- of the whorl, Wu - of ihe umbilical wall; angles (in degrees); a t- between radius of the shell and the direction ofthe main rib, ai - between radius of the shell and the direction of the secondary rib, ct 3- between secondary ribs; p -between plane of tubercles and plane of symmetry of the shell; y - between the umbilical wall and plane of symmetry ofthe shell.DepositoriesThe collection of ammonites is deposited in the Museum of theEarth in Moscow Stale University (MSU), under Nos. 93, 94,95. The other depositories: Monograph museum of the Departmentof Historical geology of Sankt - Petersburg StateFig. I — The position of investigated sections (stars on themap) and their correlation (after BARABOSHKIN &YANIN. 1997).Legend: 1: conglomerates; 2: soft/hard sandstonealternation with gravel and oolites; 3: soft/hardsandstone alternation; 4; oolitic sandstones withphosphorites; 5: oolitic sandstones; 6: soft sandstones;7: soft sandstone/clay alternation; 8: alternationof soft sandstones and sandy limestones; 9; sandylimestone/dolomitic limestone alternation; 10: clays;1 I: terrigenous flysh: 12: cross-bedding; 13: conglomeratesand pebbles; 14: phosphorites and phosphoritepebbles; 15: position of the ammonite finds; 16:unconformities: a - erosional type, b - hard groundtype; 17: correlation lines; a • reliable; b - presumableLetter indexes: Ti-J rlv Upper Triassic Lower JurassicTauric Formation: Cr|brs =- Upper Berriasian;Lower Valanginian: Cr\V\-u - Kilia/wlla otopetaZone, Cr]V|-p - ThurmaMucetaa pertransiens Zone,CriV r

New and poorly known Valanginian ammonites from South-West Crimea 93gensis sp. nov. was found in the upper part of Kojas-Dzhilga Ravine.The Himantoceras trinodosum Zone (beds Kp23/30-45of Mt, Rezanaya section) was determined on Ihe basis of asingle discovery of Himantoceras cf. lessinianum FAR-AONI et al, 1997 (PI. 4, Fig. 6; = Himantoceras cf.trinodosum: BARABOSHKIN & YANIN. 1997, BARABOSHKIN.1997). The interval consists of rhythmic alternation ofgrey carbonate sandstones (0.2-0.3 m), silty clays andbioturbated clays (0.3-1.2 m), which are usually badlyexposed. The sandstones contain pyrite concretions,phosphorites and plant debris. The ammonite assemblageincludes: Eulytoceras cf. borissiakJ KULJINSKAIA-VO-RONETZ, E. cf. phestum (MATHERON), Lytoceras sp,.Karaka.se/iiceras sp., Teschenites sp., Neotissoceras grasianum(D'ORBIGNY), N. subgrasianum (DRUSHITS),Partschiceras (?) aff. stuckenbergi (KARAKASCH) andPhyltopachyceras sp.The Teschenites callidiscus Zone is represented withinalternating grey sandstones (0.2-0.3 m.) and clayey sandstones(I -2 m.), which contain carbonate and pyrite concretions,phosphorites and large wood fragments. Thebest occurrence of this Zone is in the base of the Mt.Rezanaya section (beds Kp23/46-102), where its thicknessreaches 16-22 m. The following ammonite assemblagewas found there: Bochianites (?) sp., Dicostella cf.lubercitlato (ROMAN), Teschenites aff pachydicranusTHIEULOV. Teschenites sp. [- T. neocomienseformis (Ho-HENEGGER in UHLIG)sensuTHIEULOY, 1971] (PI. 4, Fig. 7),Oosterella cf. cultrata (D'ORBIGNY), Eulytoceras sp.,Protetragonites cf. quadrisulcatum tauricus KULJINS-KAIA-VORONETZ., Neolissoceras subgrasianum (DRLJSH-ITS). EuphyUoceras tethys (D'ORBIGNY), Partschiceras(?) sp. and Pfiyllopachyceras sp.The Eleniceras tauricum Zone was recognised in theVerkhorechie Village region (beds Kp23/103-116 of Mt.Rezanaya section and beds Kp28/l-9 of Mt. Belaya section)and in a small quarry at Nauchny. The succession iscomposed of grey clayey sandstones (0.5-2 m) and carbonatesandstones (0.1-0.3 m), which contain pyrite concretions.The thickness is about 17.5 m. in the KachaRiver outcrops, cutting northward to Selbukhra Mt.(Nauchny region) in the base of Lyticoceras nodosoplieatumZone of the Lower Hauterivian. A strong condensationoccurs northward of Nauchny. Remains ofEleniceras were found in a thin horizon with LowerHauterivian Leopotdia desmoceroides (KARAKASCH),Crioceratites (?) sp. and others forms there. The Elenicerastauricum Zone assemblage includes Eulytoceraskonushobaense KULJINSKAIA-VORONETZ, Eleniceras tauricum(ElCHWALD), E. stevrecense BRESKOVSKI, E. spinigerum(VON KOENEN) (PI. 4, Fig. 8), E. transsyivanicum(JEKELIUS), E. koeneni (KARAKASCH.), Eleniceras sp. andNeolissoceras grasianum (D'ORBIGNY).The Lower Hauterivian transgressively covers LowerValanginian rocksPalaeontologySuperfamily Perisphinctaceae STEINMANN, 1890Family Neocomitidae SALFELD, 1921Subfamily Neocomitinae SALFELD. 1921Genus Luppovella NIKOI.OV, 19661966 - Luppovella: NIKOLOV. p. 6421994 - Luppovella: BARABOSHKIN & MIKHAILOVA, p. 471996 - Kitianella: WRIGHT et al., p. 58Type: Thurmamiia (Kitianella) superba (SAYN, 1907,p. 51, pi. 4, fig. I8a-b), Valanginian, south-east France.Diagnosis: Moderately evolute to evolute, small to moderatein size. Whorl-section hexagonal high to low. Theumbilicus moderately shallow with subvertical umbilicalwall.Sculpture consists of single, bi- tripartite, intercalatedand bidichotomic ribs with tubercles. Ribs are grouped incycles, separated by constrictions. All ribs are slightlycurved, terminated by small ventral tubercles. Umbilicaland lateral tubercles are well developed in the branchedribs.Composition: Three subgenera: Luppovella(Luppovella,)NIKOLOV, 1966; L. (Planibulliceras) BARABOSHKIN &MIKHAILOVA. 1994 and L. (Neoluppovella) subgen. nov.Remarks: Luppovella (Planibulliceras) is distinguishedby the presence of well developed constrictions in theearly whorls, the presence of 2-3 simple ribs betweenbranched ribs, by rare ribbing in the adult and by unequalventral tubercles in the simple and branching ribs in theearly whorls. It is the earliest representative of the genusLuppovella (Figures 10-11).Luppovella (Neoluppovella) has well developed bidichotomicribs in the end of each cycle and equalventral tubercles on all of the ribs. The suture line is almostthe same as in Luppovella (Planibulliceras), having a wideasymmetric umbilical lobe (U) of the same deepness as forFig. 3 — Ammonites Hookeri, reproduced from BLANFOHO(1865: p. 83: pi. 17. fig. 1a-d>, Valanginian (?) ofthe Himalayas.

94 Evgenij J. BARABOSHKIN & Irina A. MIKHAILOVAthe ventral lobe (V) (Figure II). Neoluppovella is thedescendant of Planibutliceras (Figures 10-11).Luppovella (Luppovella) is characterised by the disappearanceof bidichotomic ribs ai the end of each cycle andearly disappearance of constrictions. The suture lineshows a very deep, relatively narrow, subsymmetric umbilicallobe (U), similar to Kiliatiella and Balkites (Figure11). Luppovella was derived from Neoluppovella (Figures10-11).Tuberculated Kilianella are also similar to Luppovella,but they have well-developed high ventral tuberclesin the last branch of terminal ribs in each cycle andsimple or bipartite ribbing in the adult. This featureclearly distinguishes KHianella from Balkites BOGDANO-VA & KVANTALIANI. 1983, and from Luppovella NIKOLOV,1966.Distribution: Lower Upper Valanginian of South-WestCrimea, (?) Busnardoites campylotoxum-Saynoceras verrucosumZones of Italy, (?) Saynoceras verrucosum Zoneof North Caucasus, Saynoceras verrucosum Zone of Bulgaria,Lower Valanginian of Pakistan, Himalaya, Valanginianof Morocco, Lyticoceras pseudoregale Zone ofArgentina.Subgenus Luppovella (Neoluppovella)subgen. nov.Subgeneric name: from Greek neos - new, and genusLuppovella NIKOLOV, 1966,Type species:. Luppovella (Neohtppovella) spinosa subgen.et sp. nov.. Lower Valanginian, Campylotoxia campylotoxaZone (?) of South-West Crimea.Diagnosis: Shell small, evolute. with octagonal whorlsectionand a convex and weakly keeled venter. Theumbilicus is shallow and broad.The whorl tlanks show single, bifurcate and bipartitebidichotomic ribs grouped into cycles separated fromeach other by constrictions. Ribs are thickened or becometuberciilate on the umbilical shoulder above mid-whorlheight or on the ventrolateral shoulder. The terminalribs of each cycle have flattened ventral tubercles, whichare larger than on other ribs; their angle with the planeof symmetry of the shell becomes smaller with age.Bifurcate ribs branch above the middle of the lateralside, or on the umbilical shoulder. Cycles of ribbingterminate in bifurcate ribs or by bipartite bidichotomicribs, having additional branching of adapetual ribs at midlateralsides. Suture line: See description of the typespecies.Composition: Luppovella (Neoluppovella) hookeri(BLANFORD, 1865); L. (Neoluppovella) spinosa subgen,et sp. nov.Remarks: Ammonites Hookeri was described by BLAN-FORD (1865: p. 83, pi. 17, fig. la-d. reproduced here:Figure 3) from the Valanginian (?) of the Himalayas.Later UHLIG (1910: p. 215. pi. XXV. fig. 2a-d> figureda species hookeri from the same region and referred it toAcanthodiscus UHLIG, 1905. NIKOLOV described Acanthodiscushookeri from the Berriasian of Bulgaria (NIKO­LOV, 1960: p. 187, pi. XXIV, fig. 3). However, because ofthe presence of the looped ribbing and other features thisspecimen was referred to Neocosmoeeras by DIMITROVA(1967: p. 118, pi. LIV. fig. 3). Himalayan samples differstrongly from Bulgarian ones and cannot be referred toeither Acanthodiscus, or Neocosmoeeras BLANCHET,1922. They differ from Acanthodiscus by the coarseribbing of ihe inner whorls, absence of bi- tripartite highbranching on each rib, the presence of constrictions andby ventral tubercles which arc not parallel to the plane ofsymmetry of the shell. Neocosmoeeras differs by thepresence of looped and zigzag ribbing, absence of constrictionsand by spiny ventral tubercles.A fragment of Acanthodiscus ex aff. A. hookeri (BLAN-FORD, 1865) was figured by LEANZA & WIEDMANN (1980:p. 953, pi. 7. fig. 1) from the Lower Hauterivian Lyticoceraspseudoregale Zone ofNeuquen Basin (Argentina).However, this specimen is very similar to the type ofLuppovella: L. superba (SAYN, 1907) and differs fromLuppovella (N.) hookeri by the absence of bidichotomicribs, by the presence of intercalated ribs and by the shapeof the ventral tubercles. According to AGUIRRE-URRLTA(1998) the Lyticoceras pseudoregale Zone is the equivalentof the uppermost Valanginian Pseudofavreila angulatiformisZone. Taking into account the find of Luppovella,it could be even older.Neocosmoeeras sp. aff. smithi (Utll.Ki, 1910) figured byCOLLIGNON (1962: p. 16, pi, 180, figs. 808, 809) fromMadagascar is almost identical with the holotype ofLuppovella (Neoluppovella) hookeri (BLANFORD, 1865).However, it was described from the Berriasella hoissieriZone, so we need some additional data to be sure of theidentification, which could affect, therefore, the determinationof the stratigraphic position of that specimen. Theassemblage of the other ammonites, figured from thelocality " L Coupe d'Andranomavo, F.st Malakiahna (Marovoay)"indicates the possible presence of the LowerValanginian there.The sculpture of the internal whorls of Luppovella(Neoluppovella) reminds one of Kiiiunella UHLIG. 1905.The latter genus differs in possessing deeper constrictions,strong ventral tubercles and the absence of thelateral tubercles on external whorls. Luppovella {Planibutliceras)BARABOSHKIN & MIKHAILOVA, 1994 is alsoclose to Luppovella (Neoluppovella) and is distinguishedby rare bidichotomic ribs, the presence of bifurcate ribswith a high virgation point on the whorl flank and by theearly disappearance of constrictions.Distribution: Lower Valanginian, Campylotoxia campylotoxaZone (?) of South-West Crimea, Lower Valanginianof the Prebalkan, Valanginian (?) of the Himalayas.

New and poorly known Valanginian ammonites from South-West Crimea 95Luppovella (Neoluppovella) spinosa subgen.et sp. nov.PI. 1, Figs.la-b, Text-fig. 4, 11Species name: from Latin spinosus - prickly.Holotype: MSU 95/1. Almost complete specimen ofgood preservation, found in bed Kp23/15. condensedhorizon around the Lower - Upper Valanginian boundary,Campylotoxia campylotoxa Zone (?), Verkhorechie Village,base of Rezanaya Mt.Description:. Small evolute shell with octagonal whorlsection.Venter convex, weakly keeled on early whorls.Umbilicus shallow, broad, having a narrow subverticalumbilical wall.Cycles of ribbing are separated by constrictions andcontain single, bifurcate and bipartite bidichotomic tuberculatedribs. The cycle begins with a simple weaklycurved rib. thickening above the mid-whorl height. Therib is terminated by a small tubercle on the ventral bend.Bifurcate ribs are of two types. The cycles of the internalwhorls (D

96 Evgenij J. BARABOSHKIN & Irina A. MIKHAILOVAon the umbilical shoulder and in the upper third of thelateral sides. Small spicate tubercles appear in the virgationpoints on the ventral bend. Ribs do not cross theventer.Suture line: with deep, comparatively symmetrical, umbilicallobe (U) and shorter narrow first umbilical lobe(U 1 ). The edge part of the suture line comes down steeplyto the umbilicus.Composition: Belbekiceras belbekii BARABOSHKIN.1997a.Remarks: The early whorls of this genus are similar tothe Berriasian Euthymiceras GRIGORICVA, 1938 andTranscaspiites LUPPOV, 1985, but differ from both inthe construction of its cycles of ribbing and sculpture ofthe last preserved whorl, which has some proximity toCampylotoxia gen. nov. (see below). Belbekiceras is distinguishedby the sculpture of its middle whorls. The newgenus is close to Eristavites NIKOLOV. 1966, but differs inpossessing bifurcating ribs, branching in the upper part oflateral sides with formation of a lateral tubercle.Distribution: Lower Valanginian of South-West Crimea.Belbekiceras belbekii BARABOSHKIN. 1997PI. 1, Figs, 2a-b, Text-fig. 5, 111997a - Belbekiceras belbekii. BARABOSHKIN, p, 117, pi. 37,fie, la-b.2000 - Belbekiceras belbekii: BARABOSHKIN, p. 105, pi. 5.fig. la-b.Holotype: MSU 94/1 by monotypy. An incompletephragmocone from bed Kp29/54, Lower Valanginian,Thurmanniceras pertransiens Zone of Sbrosovy Log Ravine.Belbek River, South-West Crimea.Description: Moderately involute, with high hexagonalwhorl-section, rounded in the later whorls and flattened inthe venter. Umbilicus broad, shallow; umbilical wallnarrow, somewhat separated from the lateral sides. Cyclesof ribbing are separated by weak constrictions andcontain simple, bi- and tripartite ribs. Simple ribs aresinuous, thickened in the upper third of the whorl height,slightly curved in the direction of the aperture; theydominate in the middle whorls, located at the beginningof each cycle. Bifurcating ribs are present closer to theend of cycles. The virgation point is in the upper third ofthe whorl height, forming a small, sharp tubercle. Thebranching of the terminal ribs occurs on the umbilicalshoulder, which is marked by a weak bulla. This type ofribbing prevails on the outer whorls, where tripartitebidichotomic ribs also exist. Ribs terminate on the ventrolateralshoulder by equal flattened tubercles, whichform an angle of 45 - 55" to the plane of symmetry of theshell. There are 3 cycles of ribbing per half whorl, whichcontain 4 simple and 2-3 bifurcate ribs.Measurements:aNo. D H W Du Wu Ct[ 2 CX3 P 794/1 51 21,5 17 19.5 5 25 -20 25 45-55 70* - minus means backward direction of the ribs after branchingSuture line: (Figure 5). Bisected ventral lobe has a highsecondary saddle and a large oblique lateral teeth lower to^uFig 5 — The suture line of the holotype of Belbekiceras belbekii BARABOSHKIN; MSU 94/1 at D=52.5mm and H= 11.8 mm; LowerValanginian, Thurmanmceras pertransiens Zone of Belbek River; bed Kp29/54,

New and poorly known Valanginian ammonites from South-West Crimea 97the side. The most deep umbilical (U), and first umbilical(U 1 ) lobes are narrow, nearly symmetrical. The sutureline gets shallower to the umbilicus. The two followingoblique lobes are shallow.Distribution: As for the holotype.Genus Bodrakicerasgen. nov.Generic name: from the Bodrak River in the Bakhchisarayregion of South-West Crimea.Type: Hoplites Inostranzewi (KARAKASCH. 1889, p. 434,pi. I, figs. 1-3), Lower Valanginian of South-West Crimea.Diagnosis: Medium to large, discoidai, sub-involuteshells with moderate narrow umbilicus and abrupt umbilicalwall. Whorl section varies from hexagonal to hightrapezoidal. Cycles of ribbing arc separated usually bynarrow constrictions and consist of ribs having 3 rows oftubercles in the inner whorls. Each cycle contains onesingle rib, one bifurcate rib and one trifurcate rib in theyoung whorls (D40nim). Ribs stemfrom the umbilical edge at an umbilical tubercle (onmould, or spines in the shell), directed into the umbilicusand terminate by a ventral tubercle. The row of strongtubercles present at mid-whorl height marks Hie point ofvirgation. Ribbing becomes weaker to completely smoothin the adult. Some of the species (the type species at least)have a narrow ventral groove on the inner whorls.Suture line: (Figure 6). The ventral lobe (V) has adiversely divergent teeth; the umbilical lobe (U) is verylarge tripartite and asymmetric; the first umbilical lobe(U ) is narrower and shorter than the umbilical lobe.Saddles are bipartite, equal, or the external saddle (V/U) is shorter than the first lateral saddle (U/U 1 ). Theumbilical seam portion ofthe suture line descends steeplyinto the umbilicus with age.Composition: (see PL 2, Figs. 1-6).? Bodrakiceras gibbosum(VON KOENEN. 1902); B. constrictum sp. nov., B.discoideum (COLLIONON, 1962);? B, heteroptychum(PAVLOW, 1892); B. inostranzewi (KARAKASCH, 1889);B. quadristrangttlaium (SAYN, 1907).? B. sttbgibbosutn(WIEDMANN in KUTEK et ai. 1989): B. moutonianum(D'ORBIGNY, 1849-1850); r lB. neumavri (BEHRENDSEN,1892).Remarks: Hoplites Inostranzewi (KARAKASCH, 1889:p. 434, pi. I, figs. 1-3), the type of Bodrakiceras (SPUNo.218/1) was refigured as Hoplites Leopoldi in laterwork of KARAKASCH, 1907: p. 76, pi. XXVI, fig. 11),because of the similarity with Leopoldia in the rapidreduction of the sculpture. The type of Bodrakiceras issignificantly different from the type of Karakaschiceras(SPU No.218/2, Hoplites biassalensis, KARAKASCH 1889:p. 435, pi. I, fig. 4, 5 and refigured in KARAKASCH, 1907:p. 76, pi. XXVI, fig. 4) and it differs from Karakascliicerasin fine ornamentation, absence of well developedlateral and ventral tubercles, absence of deep constrictionsand in having a very compressed involute shell. Inthe Crimean succession Bodrakiceras appears at the baseof the Valanginian succession, while Karakaschiceraswas recognised only from the uppermost Lower Valanginian(Kojas-Dzhilga region) and from the condensedhorizon on the Lower / Upper Valanginian boundary inKacha River sections. The holotype of Bodrakiceras inostranzewiis from Mangush Village (= Prokhladnoe Vil-Fig. 6 — The suture line of Bodrakiceras inostranzewi (KARAKASCH. 1 BS9>; MSU 95/3 under D-44 mm, H=15.0 mm; LowerValanginian, Thurmanniceraspertransiens Zone (?) of Dlinnaya Mt., Prokhladnoe Village.

98 Evgenij J. BARABOSHKIN & Iriua A. MIKHATLOVAlage today) and therefore, could appear either from theKiiianella otopeta Zone, or from the Thurmanniceraspertransiens Zone according to recent data (see BARA­BOSHKIN, 1997c and BARABOSHKIN & YANIN, 1997). Thefirst finds of Bodrakieeras in (he Kacha River successioncome also from the base of that section. Therefore, therange of Bodrakieeras (Figure 10) is extended upward tothe top of the Lower Valanginian and very probably up tothe base of the Upper Valanginian (if one takes intoaccount finds of Bodrakieeras from the condensed Lower/ Upper Valanginian horizon in Rezanaya Mt.). BothBodrakieeras and Karakaschiceras have smooth ornamentationin the adult, which makes them very similar.It is the reason why previous investigators did not makeany attempt to separate these two groups of ammonites.The exception was the work of WIEDMANN (in KUTEK eta!., 1989) who proposed to recognise two groups in thegenus Karakaschiceras. The group of Karakaschicerasquadristrangutanun (K. quadristrangidatum. K. hcteroptychum.K. subgibbosum) differs from the group of A'.biassatense (K. biassalense, K. pronecostatum K. pniszkowskii)by having smaller size, "persistent sculpture upto the adult (?), and more primary ribs than umbilicalbullae' 1 . AGUIRRE-URRETA (1998) following COMPANY(1987) considered Leopoldia quadristrangulata of SAYN(1907: p. 56, pi. Ill, fig. 21; pi. V, fig. 20) to be a juniorsynonym of Hoplites inostranzewi KARAKASCH and thereforedid not agree with such a separation. AGUIRRE-UR-RETA (1998) figured an extensive collection ofammonitesdetermined as macro- and microconchs of Karakaschicerasattenuatum (BEHRENDSEN, 1892), and "new combination"of K. iycoris (LEANZA & GIOVINE, 1949) and AT.neumayri (BEHRENDSEN. 1892). The former species in ouropinion is a true Karakaschiceras, with the exception ofthe examples figured in figs. 7.4.?7.8, 8.2. 8.3-4. 8.6-7and 8.8, which could probably be referred to Bodrakieerasin having a similar ribbing style of the inner whorls.The species neumayri is very close to Bodrakieeras,because of the similarity of the cycles of ribbing of theinner whorls and traces of lateral tubercles (figs. 10.8-9,10.10), However, the presence of 4-6 partite ribs ofthe middle to adult stage with strong umbilical tubercleis not very typical of Bodrakieeras (B. constrictum is theexception) and is similar to Busnardoites s. s. It is difficultto say something about Karakaschiceras Iycoris(LEANZA & GIOVINE, 1949) because its inner whorls areunknown.Among the ammonites figured by AGUIRRE-URRETA(1998) the closest to Bodrakieeras are samples of Neohoplocerasarnoldi (PICTET & CAMPICHE, I860) onfigs. 12.5. 12.6, 12.22-23, 12.24-25 because of the presenceof Bodrakieeras cycles of ribbing, constrictions and3 rows of tubercles. In our previous work (BARABOSHKIN& MIKHAILOVA. 1994. p. 44) we have already given ouropinion that Neohoploceras arnoldi (PICTET & CAM­PICHE, 1860) cannot be included in Neohoploceras becausethe lectotype of the species (PICTET & CAMPICHE,1860: p. 252, pi. 35, fig. I a-b) designated by SAYN (1907),does not possess deep constrictions and enlarged ventraltubercles in the terminal rib of the ribbing cycle (i.e.typical feaiures for Neohoploceras). According to thiscriterion, it seems to us that the only example of trueNeohoploceras figured by AGUIRRE-URRETA (1998) is theexample figured in her fig. 12.13-14. The remainingspecimens show ornamentation intermediate between"Karakaschiceras'" (—? Bodrakieeras) neumayri (BEH­RENDSEN, 1892) and Neohoploceras, which confirms theidea of the relation of the Bodrakieeras and Neohoploceras(Figure 10).Hoplites heteroptychum of PAVLOW (1892: p, 109, pi. 6(18), fig. 22: text-fig. 1) was referred to Karakaschicerasby KEMPER et at. (1981, p. 284), KVANTALIANI & SAKHARov(1986:p. 65, pi. II, fig. 1 la-b; text-fig. 10), WIEDMANN(in KUTEK et al. 1989). According to AGUIRRE-URRETA(1998. p. 51) this species should be included in thesynonymy of Neohoploceras arnoldi (PICTET&CAMPICHE,1860) because of the specifics of morphology. Unfortunately,the lectotype of the species was decomposed(KEMPER et al. 1981, p. 284), but PAVLOW'S figure andthe badly preserved sample from the type locality (1981:p. 284, pi. 41. fig. 16-17), demonstrates that it does notpossess complex bidichotomic ribs with high ventraltubercles - the very typical feature of Neohoploceras.On the contrary, it has cycles of ribbing and equal ventraltuberculation characteristic of Bodrakieeras. However,its more evolute shell and very late smoothing of ribbingdifferentiate this species from typical Bodrakieeras.Outer whorls of Hoplitides brandesi from the Saynocerasverrucosum Zone of Germany (VON KOENEN, 1902:p. 226, pi. VI I, fig. 1, 2a-c, 3a-b), have some similaritywith Bodrakieeras, however its fine-ribbed inner whorls(pi. VII, fig. 3a, pi. XXX, fig. 4a-b) are much closer toKarakaschiceras; because they do not have any tuberclesand significant constrictions.Hoplites (Hoplitides) gibbosum, described by VON KOE-NEN (1902: p. 226, pi. VII, fig. 1, 2a-c, 3a-b), from theSaynoceras verrucosum Zone of Germany and Karakaschicerasgibbosum, figured by KEMPER et al. (1981:p. 284, pi. 40. fig. 5-6) is even closer to Bodrakieeras inhaving coarse-ribbed middle whorls, becoming smooth inthe adult. However, absence of knowledge of theinner whorls makes its definition as Bodrakieeras questionable.Karakaschiceras subgibbosum WIEDMANN (in KUTEK etat., 1989: p. 733.pl. I. fig. 3A-B; pi. 2, fig. 2, text-fig. 4C,5D) probably could also be referred to Bodrakieeras.Several features differentiate it from Bodrakieeras: inflatedwhorl section, coarse ribbing with umbilical andlateral tubercles, absence of constrictions and the presenceof equal ventral tubercles. The latter feature doesnot allow the inclusion of this species in Neohoplocerasas advocated by AGUIRRE-URRETA (1998, p. 41. 51). Theinflated whorl-section is characteristic of the coarse-

New and poorly known Valanginian ammonites from South-West Crimea 101Mgfll on the umbilical wall in the pronounced umbilicaltubercle, directed inside the umbilicus. Simple ribs do nothave tubercles. The point of branching of bidichotomicbunches is marked by a tubercle on the early whorls(D

102 Evgenij J. BARABOSHKIN & Irina A. MIKHAILOVARemarks: Busnardoites kojasdlilgcnsis clearly differsfrom die type of Busnardoites by the character of cyclicityof internal whorls (it has two bunches and a singlerib) and the sculpture of external whorls, as well as bystrongly involute discoidal shell.Hoplites proneeostatus (FFLIX, 1891), figured by KARA­KASCH [SPU 103/495; 1907, p. 87, pi. 11, fig- la-b(only)]is very close to our species, but has more dense ribbingin the internal whorls. The specimen SPU 103/494 figuredon pi. 10, fig. lOa-b in KARAKASCH (1907) differsfrom Busnardoites in having umbilical and lateral tuberclesin the inner whorls. Probably it belongs to Bodrakieeras.Regrettably, only the umbilical parts of the internalwhorls of our new species were available for study. Bymorphology they are very close to the type of Busnardoites,but are distinguished by less coarse ribbing andless projecting tubercles. Therefore, we consider that thespecies can be refeircd to Busnardoites.campy­Distribution: Lower Valanginian, Campylotoxialotoxa Zone of South-West Crimea.Genus Campylotoxiagen. nov.Generic name: derived from the type species.Type: Hoplites campylotoxus UHLIG (1902, p. 49, pi. 4,fig. 2), Lower Valanginian of Dolni Lisma, Carpathians.Slovakia.Diagnosis: Moderately evolute. medium size shells, havinghigh trapezoidal and sparingly high rounded-trapezoidalwhorl-section and slightly keeled venter. Umbilicusbroad, shallow; umbilical wall is steep to vertical,narrow.Ribs are grouped in cycles, which are separated bya weak constrictions in the earliest whorls (D20mm this border is marked by a spiny umbilicaltubercle. The cycle terminates by a 3-4 - branchedrib or a tripartite bidichotomic rib, one of the branchesof which has additional bifurcation in the mid - toupper third of the whorl height. The ventral flattenedtubercles are orthogonal to the plane of symmetry ofthe shell in the early whorls, but they become subparallelto it in adult. There are about 10 cycles of ribbing perwhorl.Suture line: is characterised by trifid umbilical lobe (U).deeper than the ventral lobe and noticeably inclined to thewedge of the seam; the first umbilical lobe (U 1 ) trifid.half as deep as the umbilical lobe.External saddle (V/U) is broad and asymmetric; thefirst lateral saddle (U/U 1 ) is also asymmetrical. It is higher,but narrower than the external saddle.Composition: Campylotoxia brasseuri (COLLIGNION,1962); C. evoluta sp. nov.; C campylotoxa (UHLIG,1902) with two subspecies: C. campylotoxa campylotoxa(UHLIG. 1902) and C. campylotoxa densocostatasubsp. nov.VIuIT:tnmFig. 8 — The suture line of Campylotoxia campylotoxa campylotoxa (UHLIG, 1902); MSU 95/15 at H=10 mm; Lower Valanginian,Campylotoxia campylotoxa Zone of Verkhorechie Village, base of Rezanaya Mt., bed Kp23/15,

New and poorly known Valanginian ammonites from South-West Crimea 103Table 1 — Schema of the biostratigraphic zonation of the Valanginian of the south east Crimea.UBSTAGER.Btisnardo,J.-P.Thieuloy,1979HYPOSTRATOTYPEZONESUBSTAGEN. I. Karakasch,1907BIASALASUBSTAGEV.V.Drushits, I960;B.T.Yanin,L.E.Vishnevsky,1989KACHA RIVERZONESUBSTAGEE. J. Barabosh km,1997bBODRAK RIVER -KACHA RIVERZONEUPPERLANGINI;LOWER.LANGINIANTeschenitescallidiscusHimantocerastri nodosumSaynocerasverrucosumThurmannicerascampyloloxumThurmanniceraspertransiensHAUTERIVIANGINIANF-lSandstoneswithDuvalia crimicaandtloiectypusConglomerateswithHoplitesandOsirea reciangularisUPPERHAUTERIVIANOWERfERIVlANJb$CrioceratitesduvallLeopoldialeopoldinaandTrlgoniacarhiataUPPERLANGINLElenicerastauricumTeschenitescallidiscus Himantocerastri nodosumZ

KMEvgenij J. BARABOSHKIN & Irina A. MIKHAILOVASI— rs

New and poorly known Valanginian ammonites from South-West Crimea 105Remarks. Campylotoxia is close to Thurmanniceras Coss-MANN. 1901, Busnardoites NIKOLOV, 1966, SarasinellaUHLIG, 1905. Kilianella UHLIG, 1905, Neocomites UHLIG,1905 and Varlheideites RAWSON & KEMPER, 1978. It differsfrom the genus Thurmanniceras by a different constructionof cycles of ribbing, low rib brandling andventral tubercles, which are subparallel to the plane ofsymmetry already in the middle whorls. Campylotoxiais distinguished from Busnardoites s.s. by a differentstyle of ribbing in its inner whorls, by the absence of strongumbilical tubercles in the early whorls, by the flattening ofribs, by the smaller number of branches in bunches and byventro-lateral tubercles subparallel to the plane of symmetry.Sarasinella has well-marked lateral tubercles completelymissing in the early whorls of Campylotoxia. Kilianellahas deep constrict ions, high-branched ribs and largerounded ventro-lateral tubercles in the end of cycles ofribbing. The genus Neocomites has a different constructionof cycles of ribbing in the early whorls. The morphology ofthe middle whorls of Varlheideites RAWSON & KEMPER,1978 is close to Campylotoxia but the presence of frequentfine ribs in the inner whorls and the appearance oflateraland ventro-lateral tubercles, clearly distinguishes the newgenus.Sarasinella sp. aff. ambigua (COLLIGNON, 1962: p. 26,fig. 829} possibly belongs to Campylotoxia, because ofthe close style of ribbing, but it is distinguished by thepresence of weak constrictions, which appear in the adultwhorls.NIKOLOV (1977) was the first, to indicate the morphologicalspecificity of the "Hoplites" campylotoxusgroup. He included it in Busnardoites NIKOLOV, 1966.Close examination of the internal whorls of Busnardoites,available in our collection, has revealed theiressential differences. The revision of the campy.'-lotoxus group has shown that these ammonites have asufficiently specific morphology of ribbing, to allowthe separation of Campylotoxia as a new genus. Thisgenus occupies a well-defined position at the endof the Lower Valanginian. We assume after NIKOLOV(1977) that Campylotoxia is a direct descendant of Thurmannicerasand has great morphological resemblancewith it.Distribution. Lower Valanginian. Haploceras (Neolissoceras)salinarium Zone of Spain, Campylotoxia campylotoxaZone of France, Bulgaria, Carpathians, Crimea,Morocco, Pakistan and Hibolites joleaudi & Neocomitesteschenensis Zone of Madagascar, Saynoceras verrucosumZone of Italy.Campylotoxia campylotoxa campylotoxa(UHLIG, 1902)PL 3, Figs. 2a-b. 3, 4a-b. 6, Text-fig. 81902 - Hoplites campylotoxus: UHLIG, p. 49, pi. 4, fig. lab.2 (only).1907 - Thurmatmia campylotoxa: SAYN. p. 42, pi. 5,fig. 12.1907 - Hoplites (Neocomites) aff. campylotoxus: Toi.'LA.p. 87. pi. X, fig. 5.1934 - Hoplites ambtygonium: STEFANOV, p. 218, pi. VII,fig. 2 (only).1939 - Sarasinella aff. campylotoxa: SPATH, p. 103,pi. XXII, fig. 9.(?) 1946 - Hoplites ambligonium: TZANKOV. pi, XI, fig.101960 - Lyticoceras oxygon tws; D R u SH ITS, p. 2 84, p 1. XX V1,fig. 6.1%0 - Thurmanniceras campylotoxum: NlKOLOV, p. 178,pi. XIX, figs 1.2 (only).1967 - Thurmanniceras campvlotoxum: DlMlTROVA,p. 110, pi. XLVM, fig.'6.1975 - Thurmanniceras campylotoxum: VASICEK, p. 90,pi. VI, figs. I, 3: text-fig. 5.1977 - Busnardoites campylotoxus: NIKOLOV, p. 112.text.-fig. 3 (only).1979 ^ Thurmanniceras campylotoxum: THIEULOY. p. 46.pi. 2, figs. 4-6.1981 - Busnardoites campylotoxus: ARNAUD et at. pi. 2,% 1.1986 - Busnardoites campylotoxus: VASICEK & Mtc'HAUK..p, 466. pi, VI. fig. 2.(?) 1997 - Busnardoites campylotoxus: FARAOM et at, pi. 6,fig. 3 (only).(?) 1998 - Neocomites teschenensis: ETTACHFINI et at. fig. 2GHolotype: MM No,ASIlll58; Dolni Listna . Carpathians,Slovakia, Lower Valanginian.Material: The material we have includes three completespecimens of good preservation (Nos. 95/9, 95/10, 95/15)and several fragments from the Verkhorechie Village,base of Rezanaya Mt., bed Kp23/15, condensed horizonon the Lower / Upper Valanginian boundary layer, Campylotoxiacampylotoxa Zone (?), authors' collection andcollected by students of the Geological Faculty, MoscowState University.Description. Moderately evolute shells with highrounded hexagonal to trapezoidal whorl-section. Venterslightly keeled; umbilical wall is steep, subvertical andnarrow. Umbilicus moderately broad, shallow.The sculpture consists of 2-4 - partite ribs and bidichotomicribs, which are grouped in cycles, separated byconstrictions. Cycles of the internal whorls (D

SaynocerasCampylotoxiacampylotoxaThurmanniceraspertransiensKiiianellaotopetaUPPERBERRIASIAN

New and poorly known Valanginian ammonites from South-West Crimea 107iro-lateral tubercles, which are perpendicular (D40mm) to the plane of symmetry ofthe shell. The cyclicity disappears under D>90mm, andthe tripartite ribs with strong umbilical tubercles dominate.Rare zigzag and looped ribs appear due to interruption ofshell growth. Some of our samples differ from the holotypeby rare adapertural quadripartite bunches (2 per thewhorl).Measurements:ANo. D H W Du Wu Ia2 a.1 P Y95/15 32 14,5 9.5 9 2 20-25 -20 10 50 85-9095/11 23,5 - 12,4 3 35 -30 - - 9095/10 57.5 23,5 19,5 19 4 30 -30 20-25 10-15 8095/9* 110 44,5 34 36 8 10 -10 15 5 90* - measurements were made on a preserved part of the phragmoconeFig. 11 — Trends of change in the suture line in some Valanginianneocomitids based on the suture lines ofLuppovella (Neoluppovella) spinosa subgen. etsp. nov. - Text-Fig. 4. Belbekiceras belbekii BA­RABOSHKIN, 1997 - Text-Fig, 5, Busnardoites (?)kojasdjilgensis sp. nov. - Text-Fig. 7, Campylotoxiacampylotoxa densocostata subsp. nov. - Text-Fig. 9, Kilianella otopeta (THIEULOY. 1979), MSU95/1 7 (see PI. 4, Fig. 3). Bodrakiceras aff. discoideum(COLLIGNON, 1962;, MSU 95/7 (see PL 2.Fig. 3), Karakaschiceras biassalense (KARAK-ASCH.1890). MSU 95/24, (see PI. 4, Fig. 1), Thurmannicerassp., MSU 95/26. Neoboploeeras sp.,MSU 95/25, Distoloceras sp., MSU 95/28.Varlheideites sp.. MSU 95/27, Luppovella (PlanibulTtceras)kachensis BARABOSHKIN & MIKHAILO­VA. 1994. MSU 5/93 (from BARABOSHKIN & MIK-HAILOV^, 1994. lexi-fig. 5), Luppovella (Luppovella)baumbergeri (SPATH. 1939). MSU 3/93(from BARABOSHKIN & MIKHAILOVA, 1994, textfig.4).For the suture lines of Bemasian ammoniteswe have used Balkites nerodenkoi BOGDANOVA& KVANIALIANI, 1983 (Bogdanova collection);Euthymiceras s,l, is based on Transcaspiitestranscaspius (LUPPOV, 1949) ARG1 25/11104(from Boo DA Nov A et a!., 1985, text-fig. 3):Berriasella s.l. is based on Dalmasiceras dalmasi(PICIET. 1867). ARGI 371/10 (Bogdanova collection).Suture line (Figure 8): Ventral lobe (V) is shorter thanthe trifid umbilical lobe (U), noticeably deviating towardsthe umbilicus. The first umbilical lobe (U 1 ) is only half asdeep as the umbilical lobe (U).The externa! and first lateral saddles are bifurcate andunequal. The external saddle is broader and shallowerthan the first lateral saddle.Remarks: The type of the species was chosen byUHLIG (1902; Hoplites campylotoxus, p, 49, pi. 4.fig. 2). VASICEK (1975: p. 90.' pi. VI, fig. 1) refiguredthis specimen and formally named it the lectotype.Hoplites campylotoxus (UHLIG, 1902: p. 49, pi. 4,fig. 3) and refigured by VASICEK (1975, p. 90: pi. VI,fig. 2) as Thurmanniceras cf. campylotoxum. shouldbe considered probably as a new species, because ithas very rare ribs and tubercles in the point of branching.There are very many references to this species in theliterature.Thurmannia (Kilianella) campylotoxa (COHEN. 1933:p. 163, pi. 2, fig. 11), Thurmanniceras campylotoxus(SAPUNOV. 1957: p. 158, pi. 3, fig. 7) and Thurmannia(Kilianella) campylotoxa (STEFANOV. 1934: p. 214. pi. 6,fig. 10, 11), Thurmannites cf. campylotoxus (ERISTAVI,1955: p. 91, pi. Ill, fig. 5), Thurmanniceras campylotoxum(NKOLOV. 1960: p. 178. pi. XX. fig. 3). Busnardoitescampylotoxus (MICHALIK & VASICEK, 1989: p. 513, pi, 1,fig. 1) belong mainly to Teschenites because of the presenceof tine ribbed inner whorls with weak umbilicaltubercles.Hoplites campilotoxus (sic) (LEMOINE, 1906: p. 180),Thurmannia (Kilianella) campylotoxa ( ACKFRMANN,1932; p. 42) and Thurmanniceras campylotoxum (ERISTA­VI, 1961: p. 95) were described without figuring, so exactidentification is impossible.Sarasinella aff. campylotoxa (SPATH, 1939: p. 103,pi, XXII, fig. 5a-b) according to the description, has threetubercles on ribs of the interna! whorls and cannot thereforebe referred to Campylotoxia.Sarasinella sp. aff. campylotoxa (COLLIGNON, 1962: p. 26.figs, 830, 831) belongs to different genera. The samplefigured on fig. 830, has fine, not flattened, weakly curvedribs and reminds one of Thurmanniceras. The weaklykeeled sample (fig. 831) has intercalated single and bifurcatingslightly curved ribs and possibly belongs toEristavites.Neocomites (Neocomites) campylotoxus (FATMI. 1977:p. 279. pi. 8. figs. 3, 4): the specimen in fig. 4 is almostidentical with Campylotoxia hrasseuri. and the specimenin fig. 3 has prevailing bipartite ribs and should referredto another species,Busnardoites campylotoxus (MICHALIK & VASICEK. 1989:

108 Evgenij J. BARABOSHKIN & Irina A. MIKHAILOVAp. 531, pi. I, fig. 1, reproduced in VASICEK., 1994:p. 180. pi. 1, fig. 1). is distinguished from Campylotoxiacampylotoxa by more frequent ribbing, weakenedin the middle of whorls and is similar toTeschenites neocomiensefortnis HQHENEGGER in UHLIG,1902.Busnardoites campylotoxus (COMPANY, 1987: p. 145,pi. 11, fig. 12, 13; pi, 19, fig, 13) is referred by us tothe new subspecies Campylotoxia densocostata, describedbelow.Neocomites sp. (KEMPER, 1976: pi. 30. fig. 10), redefinedlater as Thurmanniceras cf. campylotoxum (KEMPER et ah1981: p. 279), has bidichotomic ribs with high branchingas in Teschenites.Hoplites ambligonium (TZANKOV, 1946: pi. XI, fig. 10) isclose to Campylotoxia campylotoxa by the type of cyclicityof its ribs, but its poor preservation does not allow acomplete identification.It seems that only one sample of Busnardoites campylotoxusfigured by FARAONI et al. (1997: pi. 6, tig. 3) hasribbing close to the real Campylotoxia campylotoxa.The other specimens (pi, 6. fig. 1 and 2) are closer toThurmanniceras, because they have a very high pointof rib-branching. The record of C. campylotoxa fromthe Saynoceras verrucosum Zone, is doubtful in theabsence of that species in the lower Upper Valanginian.We think that the sections, described by FARAONI et al.(1997) are characterised by the earliest appearance ofSaynoceras verrucosum and thus of early Late Valanginianage.Neocomites teschenensis, figured by ETTACHFINI et al.(1998: fig. 2G) is very similar to Campylotoxia campylotoxa,having the same style of ribbing, bipartite in theinner whorls. Unfortunately the other parts of the sampleare not well-preserved and complete identification isdifficult.Similar to Campylotoxia campylotoxa is C. brasseuri(COLLIGNON). which differs by the prevalence ofsingle ribs and by bifurcate tripartite ribs at the end ofeach cycle of ribbing. Its cycles of ribbing consist oftwo to four single, one bipartite, and one bifurcatetripartite rib, as is apparent in the type of Sarasinellabrasseuri, COLLIGNON, 1962: p. 26, fig. 832). The presenceof bipartite ribs with a high point of branchingindicates similarity of this species with the genus Thurmanniceras.Distribution. Lower Valanginian, Campylotoxia campylotoxaZone of Crimea, France, Slovakia, Bulgaria, Pakistan,Morocco; Haploceras (Neolissoceras) salinariumZone of Spain, (?) Upper Valanginian Saynoceras verrucosumZone of Italy.Campylotoxia campylotoxa densocostata subsp. nov,PI. 2, Fig. 7; PI. 3, Figs, la-b, Text-fig. 9, 111934 - Hoplites amblygonimn: STEFANOV, p. 218, pi. VII,fig. I (only).1987 - Busnardoites campylotoxus: COMPANY, p. 145.pi. 11. fig. 12, 13; pi. 19. fig. 13.Subspecies name: from Latin densuscostatus - ribbed.- frequent andHolotype: MSU 95/12 a complete specimen of goodpreservation from bed Kp23/I5, condensed horizon onthe Lower/Upper Valanginian boundary, Campylotoxiacampylotoxa Zone (?) of Verkhorechie Village, base ofRezanaya Mt.Paratypes: several fragments of satisfactory preservationfrom the same locality collected by students of the GeologicalFaculty. Moscow State University.Description: Moderate, with high trapezoidal whorl-sectionand weakly keeled venter. Umbilicus relatively narrow,shallow; umbilical wall is vertical to projected,narrow.Sculpture consists of rare simple ribs, 3-4 - partiteand bidichotomic rib, branching at an umbilical tubercle.Ribs terminate by ventro-latcral tubercles, whichbecome subparallel to the plane of symmetry of theshell in adult. Cycles of ribbing are separated byweak constrictions and not very typical for the genus,because single ribs are presented in internal whorlsonly. Cycles of internal whorls (lX20mm) begin by asimple or bifurcate rib and include also 2-3 bifurcateribs and a tripartite rib terminating the cycle. Cyclesof the external whorls (D=20-40mm) each consist ofa bifurcate rib and tripartite rib. There are up to 9cycles per whorl. The cyclicity disappears later(D>50mm) and the ribbing then consists of tripartitebidichotomic ribs with additional branching on one ofthe branches.Measurements:No. D H W Du Wu ai 0.2 P y95/12 52 21,5 15,5 16 3 30 -10 10-15 15 -5; 9095/13 - 20 14 3 30 -15 15 15 90Suture line (Figure 9): Ventral lobe (V) is narrow, deepand bifurcate: umbilical lobe (U) is tripartite, somewhatasymmetric, strongly deviating inside umbilicus; the firstumbilical lobe (U ) is twice shorter than the umbilicallobe (U).External (V/U) and first lateral (U/U 1 ) saddles areasymmetric, but the former is broader and somewhatshallower than the latter.

New and poorly known Valanginian ammonites from South-West Crimea 109Remarks: The new subspecies is distinguished from C.campylotoxa campylotoxa by denser ribbing, nearly completeabsence of single ribs in cycles and development oftripartite ribs on the outer whorls.The holotype has a weak original damage on theshell of the body-chamber, which is not a change of styleof ribbing. All samples came from the horizon of condensationat the Lower/Upper Valanginian boundary.They were met in reworked condition together withCampylotoxia campylotoxa. This allows us to expectthat their primary distribution was in the campylotoxaZone.Distribution: Lower Valanginian, Campylotoxia campylotoxaZone (?) of Crimea, Lower Valanginian of Bulgaria,Haploceras (Neoiissoceras) sallnarrum Zone ofSouthern Spain.Campylotoxiaevoluta sp. nov.PL 3, Figs. 5a-b1907 - Hoplites cfr. amblygonius: KARAKASCH, p. 86,pi. XI, fig. 6a-b.Species name: from Latin evolutus - unrolled.Holotype: MSU 95/14, complete specimen of good preservationfrom bed Kp23/15, horizon of condensation onthe Lower/Upper Valanginian boundary, Campylotoxiacampylotoxa Zone (?), Verkhorechie Village, base ofRezanaya Ml., collected by students of the GeologicalFaculty, Moscow State University.Description: Moderately evolute with rounded-rectangular(on the early whorls) and trapezoidal (on the latewhorls) whorl-section and weakly keeled venter. Umbilicusrelatively narrow, shallow; umbilical wall is verticalto overhanging, narrow.Sculpture is formed by single, 2-3 - partite and rarebidichotomic ribs, branching in the umbilical tubercle.Ribs are terminated by ventro-lateral tubercles, perpendicularto the plane of symmetry of the shell on earlywhorls and subparallel on later whorls. Ventral and umbilicaltubercles of terminal bunches are sometimes moreprominent. Cycles of ribbing in the internalwhorls (D

noEvgenij J. BARABOSHKIN & Irina A. MIKHAILOVAless tuberculated venter, presence of bipartite dichotomicribs and a more evolute adult stage. It is veryprobable that it is the ancestor of Pseudacanthodiscus.Pseudacanthodiscus is also similar to the Upper BerriasianTranscaspiites LUPPOV, 1985 (in BOODANOVA et al.,1985), which differs by the absence of the single ribs incycles, absence of constrictions and less developed umbilicaltubercles.Distribution: Thurmanniceras pertransiens Zone ofSouth-West Crimea, Lower Valanginian of Bulgaria,the Himalayas and (?) Madagascar.PseudacanthodiscusBARABOSHKIN, 1997PI. 3, Figs. 7a-bcrymicus1937 - Acanlhodiscus Euthvmi: TZANKOV, p. 61. pi. IV,fig. 2.1967 - Acanlhodiscus twanensis: DiMlTROVA, p, 125,pi. LXI, fig. 2.1997a - Pseudacanthodiscus crymicus: BARABOSHKIN,p. 118, pi. 38, fig. la-b"; 2a-b.2000 - Pseudacanthodiscus crymicus: BARABOSHKIN,p. 105, pi. 5. fig. 8a-b,"9a-b.Material: Holotype MSU 94/8, a nearly complete phragmoconeand four large fragments from the Lower Valanginian,bed Kp29/54, condensed Thurmanniceras pertransiensZone of the Sbrosovy Log Ravine, BeibekRiver, South-West Crimea.Description: Large, moderately evolute shells with octagonalwhorl-section, high on the outer whorls. Umbilicusrelatively broad, shallow with steep to vertical umbilicalwall.The cyclic sculpture is formed by alternating simple,bifurcate and/or intercalated ribs and constriclions.Fine simple ribs are significantly curved in the directionof the aperture. Bipartite and intercalated ribs arethickened and branched in the upper third of the whorlheight. Branches are short, directed forward. A largetubercle appears at the point of branching (intercalation)and on the umbilical shoulder. All ribs terminateby small flattened ventre-lateral tubercles, directed withan angle of 75-80° to the plane of the symmetry of theshell.The cycles of ribbing consist of one or two simpleribs (at the beginning of each cycle), 3-4 bipartiteand intercalated ribs on the early whorls (D=20-30mm)and separated by shallow and narrow constrictions.Cycles of the middle whorls (D=30-60 mm) consistoftwo pairs of bipartite and intercalated ribs and onesimple rib between them. Outer whorls (D>60-70mm)are ornamented by alternating simple and intercalatedribs, with loss of lateral tubercles.Measurements (see table).No. D H W Du Wu a. a 2P T94/13 21,5 25 7 20 65 8594/8 85 30 31 34 7,5 0 10-15 20 50 70-8094/12 46,5 42 8 20 50 8594/9 62,5 50 9 20 45 85Remarks: Pseudacanthodiscus crymicus differs from P.subradiatus (UMLIG, 1910) by the presence of simple ribsand broad constrictions on the middle whorls, and a verysmall angle between the ventro-lateral tubercles and theplane of symmetry of the shell.DIMITROVA (1967) has refigured Acamhodiscus euthymi(from TZANKOV, 1937) as Acanlhodiscus twanensis. Itis very similar to large fragments of Pseudacanthodiscuscrymicus. and differs from Acanlhodiscus by straightenedbi - tripartite ribs.Distribution: Lower Valanginian, Thurmanniceras pertransiensZone of South-West Crimea, Lower Valanginianof Bulgaria.DiscussionThe results of our investigation of the Valanginian ammonitesfrom Crimea permit a more complete knowledgeof the Neocomilidae. We agree with AGUIRRE-URRETA(1998, p. 40) that the replacement of Karakaschiceras(and therefore Bodrakieeras in the old sense) and Neohoplocerasin the Subfamily Endemoceratinae SCHINDE-WOLK, 1966, the endemic ammonites of the North Europe,is unjustified. The character of the development of themorphology and the suture line of the mentioned ammonitescompels us to include them into NeocomitinaeSALFELD. 1921. We combine the new results in the phylogeneticscheme (Figure 10), which is based on themorphological similarities and the available data on thesuture lines (Figure 11).The Neocomitidae belong in the Superfamily Perisphinctaceaeand they have a specific early branchingof the internal lobe (I) and displacement of Id branch tothe inner side. The sulural lobe is formed as a result ofseveral recurrent branching of the secondary lobes, whichare located on the umbilical seam before branching. It isknown in Balkiies BOGDANOVA & KVANTALJANI. 1983,Berriasella s. I. and for Thurmanniceras. Therefore, thenew elements of the suture line in the umbilical seamaspect of Perisphinctaceae are due to branching of thesuture lobe. This feature is also typical for the SuperfamiliesStephanocerataceae. Desmocerataceae and Hoplitaceae,which have five primary lobes. It allows themto be included the Suborder Perisphinctina (BEZNOSOV &MIKHAILOVA, 1983).The ammonites of the lineage Balkites -Luppovella

New and poorly known Valanginian ammonites from South-West Crimea 111(Planibulliceras) - L. (Neoluppovella) have equal externaland first lateral saddles with sharp reduction of thesuture line in the direction of the umbilical seam thatreflects the shape of the suture lobe symmetrically deepeningtowards the umbilical seam (Figure 11). Theumbilical lobe in Luppovella (Planibulliceras) and L.(Neoluppovella) becomes asymmetric and the first lateralsaddle becomes much narrower than the external saddle.Luppovella (Luppovella) is the latest representative ofthis lineage, having a very deep asymmetric umbilicallobe, which is somewhat similar to the neocomitinidKilianella and the berriasellinid Balkites (Figure II).The morphology of the ribbing is similar in this lineage,but has developed in two ways:1. Luppovella cycle of ribbing consisting of single, bifurcateand bipartite bidichotomic ribs. Cycles separatedfrom each other by constrictions, which becameshallower in the lineage. The other developed featureare the tubercles, which became sharper and appearontogenetically later in this lineage.2. Kilianella cycle of ribbing consisting of single, bifurcateand bipartite bidichotomic ribs. Cycles separatedfrom each other by constrictions deeper in the earlywhorls. Umbilical and lateral tubercles usually poorlydeveloped, but ventro-lateral tubercles of the terminalrib of the cycle are very high, well-developed as inNeolioploceras.Tn the ammonites in the lineage Berriasella s.l. - Thurmanniceras- Campylotoxia. the umbilical lobe is tripartite,nearly symmetrical (Figure II). It is deeper in Berriasellathan the ventral lobe in Thurmanniceras andCampylotoxia and the first lateral saddle is much narrowerthan the external saddle; both saddles or one ofthem become unequal. The Thurmanniceras cycles ofribbing, which is separated by weak constrictions in theearliest whorls, are represented by sinuous single, bifurcate,3-4 - branch ribs and bidichotomic ribs. Umbilicaltubercles are strong, lateral tubercles are poorly developed.Ventrolateral tubercles arc orthogonal or suborthogonalto the plane of symmetry of the shell in Thurmanniceras,becoming subparallel in Campylotoxia.The ammonites in the branch Bodrakiceras- Busnardoitesdemonstrate a sharply asymmetric umbilical lobe.In Busnardoites this is associated with sharp reduction ofthe first lateral saddle in contrast to the external saddle.The ornamentation shows the disappearance of thelateral tubercles and increase of the umbilical tubercleswith the joining of the ribs in bunches as in Bodrakicerasconstrictum. Neolioploceras has a deep and narrow umbilicallobe which is weakly asymmetric in the ammonitesof the Bodrakiceras - Neohoploccras branch. Thesimilarity of the sculpture of both genera is discussedabove. The Neohoploccras cycle of ribbing notably differsfrom Bodrakiceras by having the complex bidichotomicterminal rib in each cycle with very high and strongtubercles in the ultimate branch and in general by coarserribbing and a very late effacemenl of the ornamentation.The branch Bodrakiceras - Karakaschiceras, in contrastto Neohoploccras. shows the reduction of lateral andventral tubercles and early smoolhing of the shell. Thesuture lines of the ammonites in the branch are similar,but the umbilical lobe (U) in Karakaschiceras is deeperthan the ventral lobe (V).The lineages Euthymiceras s.l. - Belbekiceras and Euthymicerass.l. - Distoloceras are characterised by thealmost symmetrical umbilical lobe (U), somewhat deeperthan the ventral one (V) and the suture lobe descends tothe umbilical seam. Cycles of ribbing in Belbekiceras areseparated by shallow constrictions and consist of simple,bi- or tripartite ribs, branching on the umbilical shoulderand in the upper third of the lateral sides, being differentfrom Euthymiceras s.L. which usually has intercalatedribs.AcknowledgementsWe arc grateful lo Hugh Owen for correction of the English of thispaper. We also (hank Hugh Owen, Jaap Klein and Philip Hoedemaekertor their discussion of the article. Jaap Klein also kindly helped us withliterature. The research was done in the frame of the IGCP projects 362and 381 and with the support of RBSF foundation (Project 98-05-64195).ReferencesAcktermann. E., 1932. Die Unterkreide im Ostteil des Preslav-Sattelysystems (Ostbulgarien). Beitrage zu ihrer Fauna, Stratigraphieund Lagerung. Siichsischen Akademie der Wissenschaften.Abhandhwgen der Mathematisch - Phvsischen Klasse, 41,S: 1-55.AGUtRRE-URRETA, MB., 1998. 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Evgenij J. BARABOSHKIN & lrina A. MIKHAILOVA(Sud-Est de la France). Editions du CNRS. Les stratotypesJrancpts. 6: 37-57,TOULA, F„ 1907. Die Acamhicus Schichten tin Randgebirge derWiener Buchl bei Gtesshuebl. Ahhandlungen der k. k. geologischeReichsansiatt, 16, 2: L55.TZANKOV, V., 1937. Contribution a Peiude de la vallee deDevhja el ses environs entre le fleuve Kamcia et la limiteRoumainc. Gmtishnik net Safijika Univeriitet, Fiziko-matematicheskijJacullct, 33, 3: 17-68 [In Bulgarian].TZANKOV. V., 1946 Etudes biostratigraphiques et paleoeeologiquessur les formations geologiques en Bulgarie. Godishniknet Oirekzivata zu geulozhki i nunni prouchvania. Series A, 4:239-336 [In Bulgarian],UHLIG, V., 1902. Ueber die Cephalopodenfauna der Teschenerund Grodischter Schichten. Detiksehrijten der kaiserlichenAkademie der H'issenschafieii, Mulhematisch-NaturwisssensehajtliiheKhissc, 72: 1-87,Uhlici, V., 1905. F.inigc Bcmerkungen iiber die AmmonitengattungHoplites Neumayr. Sttzungsberichie der KaiserlichenAkademie der Wissensehaften, Mathematisch-Naturwisssensclia/tlicheKlasse, It4. 591-636.UHLIG, V,, 1910. The fauna of the Spiti Shales. Pataeontologt'aindica. Series 15. Himalayan Fossils, 4, 2: 133-306.VASICEK, Z., 1975. Zur Revision der Ammoniten von denOberenTesin- Schichten (Valendis - S\ufe). Sbornikgeologickyckychved, paleontologie, 17: 71-107.VASICFK, 7... 1994. Lower Cretaceous ammonite biostratigraphyin the Western Carpathians (Czechoslovakia). GeologieAlpine, Memoirs h..v. 20: 169-189.VASICEK, Z. & FAUPL, P.. 1996. Die Cephalopoden aus denRossenfcldschichlcn der Reichrammger Decke (Obervaianginium;oberosterreichisdie Kalkalpen). Jahibuch der GeologischenBundesanstatt. 139, 1: 101-125.VASIUK. Z. & MitltAUK, J. 1986. The Lower Cretaceousammonites of the Mamn Unit (Mt. Butkov, West Carpathians).Geologka Carpathica, 37, 4: 449-481.WKIOHI, CW., CAILOMON. J.It. & HOWARTH, MK. 1996.Cretaceous Ammonoidea. Volume 4. Mollusca 4. Revised. PartL. In: R.C. MOORE, R.L. KAESLLR (Eds.) Treatise on InvertebratePaleontology, pp. 1-362. Geological Society of Americaand University of Kansas Press, Boulder.YANIN. B.T.& BARABOSHKIN. E.YU., 2000. The section of Berriasiandeposits in the Beibek River basin (South-West Crimea).Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation, 8, 2: 66-77 [InRussian],YANIN, B.T. & VISHNEVSKY, L.E., 1989, The Cretaceous. LowerSeries. In: 0,A, MAZAROVICH & V.S. MILEEV (Eds.). Geologyof the Kacha Uplifting of the Mountain Crimea. MesozoicStratigraphy. Moscow State University Press. Moscow 80-126 (in Russian],Evgenij J. BARABOSHKINHistorical and Regional GeologyGeological FacultyMoscow State UniversityVorobjevy Gory119899, Moscow, GSP 2Russia(e-mail: Barabosh@fgeol.msu.ru)Inna A. MIKHAILOVAGeological FacultyMoscow State UniversityVorobjevy Gory119899, Moscow, GSP 2Russia

New and poorly known Valanginian ammonites from South-West Crimea 115Explanation of PlatesAM the figured specimens are preserved in the collection of the Museum of the Earth of Moscow State University, Nos.94 and 95.Figures in natural size. Photos by EJ. BARABOSHKIN (Moscow State University) and V.T. ANTONOVA (Paleontol, Inst. Russ. Acad.Set.).PLATE 1Fig. 1 — Luppovella (Neoluppovella) spinosa subgen, et sp. nov.; holotype MSU 95/1: a - lateral side, b - venter. Bed Kp23/15,condensed horizon at the Lower/ Upper Valanginian boundary, Campylotoxia campylotoxa Zone (?) of VerkhorechieVillage, base of Rezanaya Mt.Fig. 2 — Belbekiceras belbekii BARABOSHKIN, 1997; holotype MSU 94/1: a - lateral side, b - venter. Bed Kp29/54, LowerValanginian, Thurmanniceras pertransiens Zone ofSbrosovy Log Ravine. Belbek River.Fig. 3 — Busnardoites (?) kojasdjilgensis sp. nov.; holotype MSU 95/8; a - lateral side, b - venter. Lower Valanginian,Campylotoxia campylotoxa Zone of Kojas - Dzhilga Ravine, near Nauchny Town.

PLATE 2Fig. 1 — Bodrakiceras discoideum (COLLIGNON, 1962k MSU 95/5: a - lateral side, b - apertural view. Lower Valanginian,Thurmanniceras pertransiens Zone (?) of Dlinnaya ML. Prokhladnoe Village.Fig. 2 — Bodrakiceras aff. discoideum (COLLIGNON, 1962); MSU 95/7: a - lateral side, b - apertural view. Lower Valanginian.Thurmanniceras pertransiens Zone (?) of Dlinnaya Ml,. Prokhladnoe Village.Fig. 3 — Bodrakiceras sp.: MSU 95/6: a - lateral side, b - apertural view. Bed Kp23/I5, condensed horizon on the Lower/ UpperValanginian boundary, Campylotoxia campylotoxa Zone (?) of Verkhorechie Village, base of Rezanaya Mt.Fig. 4 — Bodrakiceras constriaum sp. nov.; holotype MSU 95/4: lateral side. Bed Kp23/15, condensed horizon on the Lower/Upper Valanginian boundary, Campylotoxia campylotoxa Zone (?) of Verkhorechie Village, base of Rezanaya Mt.Fig. 5 — Bodrakiceras aff. inostranzewi (KARAKASCH, 1889); MSU 95/2: a - lateral side, b - apertural view. Bed Kp23/15,condensed horizon on the Lower/Upper Valanginian boundary, Campylotoxia campylotoxa Zone (?) of VerkhorechieVillage, base of Rezanaya Mt.Fig. 6 — Bodrakiceras inostranzewi (KARAKASCH, 1889); MSU 95/3: lateral side. Lower Valanginian. Tlmrmannlceras pertransiens(?) Zone of Dlinnaya Mt., Prokhladnoe Village.Fig. 7 — Campylotoxia campylotoxa densocostata subsp. nov.; MSU 95/13: lateral side. Bed Kp23/15. condensed horizon on theLower/Upper Valanginian boundary, Campylotoxia campylotoxa Zone (?) of Verkhorechie Village, base of RezanayaMt.

PLATE 3Fig. I — Campylotoxia campylotoxa densocostata subsp. nov.: holotype MSU 95/12: a - lateral side, b - apertural view. Bed Kp23/15. condensed horizon on the Lower/ Upper Valanginian boundary. Campylotoxia campylotoxa Zone (?) of VerkhorechieVillage, base of Rezanaya Ml.Fig. 2 — Campylotoxia campylotoxa campylotoxa (UHLIG, 1902): MSU 95/10: a - lateral side, b - apertural view. Bed Kp23/I5,condensed horizon on the Lower\Upper Valanginian boundary. Campylotoxia campylotoxa Zone of VerkhorechieVillage, base of Rezanaya Mt,Fig, 3 — Campylotoxia campylotoxa campylotoxa (UHLIG. 1902); MSU 95/11: lateral side. Bed Kp23/15. condensed horizon onthe Lower\Upper Valanginian boundary, Campylotoxia campylotoxa Zone of Verkhorechie Village, base of RezanayaMt.Fig. 4 — Campylotoxia campylotoxa campylotoxa (UHLIG. 1902); MSU 95/15: a - lateral side, b - apertural view. Bed Kp23/15,condensed horizon on the Lower\Upper Valanginian boundary, Campylotoxia campylotoxa Zone of VerkhorechieVillage, base of Rezanaya Mt.Fig, 5 — Campylotoxia evoltda sp. nov.: holotype MSU 95/14: a - lateral side, b - apertural view. Bed Kp23/15. condensed horizonon The Lower\ Upper Valanginian boundary, Campylotoxia campylotoxa Zone of Verkhorechie Village, base of RezanayaMt.Fig. 6 — Campylotoxia campylotoxa campylotoxa (UHLIG, 1902); MSU 95/9: lateral side. Bed Kp23/I5, condensed horizon on theLower\Upper Valanginian boundary, Campylotoxia campylotoxa Zone of Verkhorechie Village, base of Rezanaya Ml.Fig. 7 — Pseudacanthodiscus crymicus BARABOSHKIN, 1997; holotype MSU 94/8: a - lateral side, b - venter. Lower Valanginian,Thurmanniceras pertransiens Zone of Sbrosovy Log Ravine, Belbek River, bed Kp29/54.

116 Evgenij J. BARABOSHKIN & Irina A. MIKHAILOVAPLATE 4Fig. 1 — Karakaschiceras biassalense (KARAKASCH. 1890); MSU 95/16: a venter, b - lateral side. Bed Kp23/15, condensedhorizon on the Lower\Upper Valanginian boundary, Campylotoxia campylotoxa Zone (?) of Verkhorechie Village, baseof Rezanaya Mt.Fig. 2 — Neohoploccras submartini (MALLADA, 1887); MSU 1/93: lateral side. Bed Kp23/15, condensed horizon on theLoweiAUpper Valanginian boundary. Saynoceras verrucosum Zone (?) of Verkhorechie Village, base of Rezanaya Mt.Fig, 3 — Kilianella otopeta (THIEULOY, 1979) MSU 95/17: lateral side Lower Valanginian, Kilianella otopeta Zone of Mt.Dlinnaya, bed Kp22/6.Fig. 4 —• Thurmanniceras sahenunum (SAYK, 1907), MSU 95/18' lateral side. Mt, Sheludivaya, the top of southern slope. LowerValanginian, Thurmannicreas pertransiens Zone.Fig. 5 — Thurmanniceras cf. pertransiens (SAYN, 1907), MSU 95/19: lateral side. The top of Mt. Sheludivaya Lower Valanginian.Thurmanmcreas pertransiens Zone.Fig. 6 — Hinumtoceras cf. lessinianum (FARAONI et al., 1997); MSU 95/20: lateral side. Bed Kp23/45, Upper Valanginian,Hunantoceras trinodosum Zone of Verkhorechie Village, base of Rezanaya Mi,Fig. 7 — Teschenites sp. (= Teschenites neocomiensefortms (HOHENEGGER in UHLIG, 1902) vensu THIEULOY, 1971); MSU 95/21;lateral side. Bed Kp23/50, Upper Valanginian, Teschenites callidiscus Zone of Verkhorechie Village, base of RezanayaMt.Fig, 8 — Eleniceras spinigerum (VON KOENEN. 1902): MSU 95/22: lateral side. Upper Valanginian of Nauchny, Elenicerastauricum Zone.

Ncw and poorly known Valanginian ammonites from South- Wcst Crimea 117PLATE I

li SEvgenij J. BARABOSHKJN & Irina A. MIKHAILOVA1a67PLATE 2

New and poorly known Valanginian ammonites from South·Wcst Crimea 119P LATE 3

120 Evgenij J. BARABOSl-]K IN & Irina A. MIKHAILOVA