Distillers Grains Feeding Recommendations. - Distillers Grains By ...

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Distillers grains made from sorghum and corn were compared at 30% of the diet dry matter.Statistically the byproducts had similar feeding values (Table 3) although the corn derived grainswere numerically, slightly better.Eleven experiments were summarized where WDB was compared to corn as an energysource for finishing cattle (Table 4). The WDB replaced 12.6 to 50% of the diet (corn). The datawere summarized into three situations. First is the control diet based on dry rolled corn. Second iswhen WDB replaced corn at a low level in the diet (12.6 to 28%). The third situation is where WDBreplaced corn in the diet at 30 to 50% of diet dry matter.At the low level (ave. 17.4%) of WDB feeding, the energy value was 152% that of corn. Atthe high level of feeding, the value decreased to 136% the value of corn. We can then calculate thevalue of the WDB as 124% the value of corn when fed between 17.4 and 40% of the diet.We believe there are very good explanations for the change in relative feeding values asWDB increases in the diet. We believe the first increments fed (up to 17.4%), supply nutrients suchas protein that may be of value to the cattle but more importantly reduce the acidosis that occurs inthe control diet. The WDB contains protein and fat which supply energy to the animal but it does notcontain the starch that leads to acidosis. Further, the fiber (hull) in the WDB is highly digestible butadds fiber to the diet and reduces acidosis. So the very high value of the WDB (152%) at low levelfeeding is probably due to factors other than the strict energy value of the nutrients containedtherein.The value when fed above 17.4% of the diet is probably due to the high fat content of theWDB and the high content of bypass protein. Fat has about three times the energy value of starch forcattle and bypass protein has about 30% more energy than starch. The value from feeding trials wasdetermined to be 124% the value of corn. By calculating the theoretical energy value based on thebypass protein and fat contents, we estimate the energy value of WDB to be 120% the value of corn.This calculation gives confidence in the value obtained from feeding trials.Typical feedlot diets contain about 85% corn. The starch in the corn is the energy sourceused by the cattle. However, the starch is rapidly fermented by the rumen microorganisms to organicacids. The overproduction of the organic acids causes acidosis followed by reduced feed intake andreduced gains (Stock and Britton, 1993; Stock et al., 1995). Distillers byproducts have essentially allof the starch removed leaving protein, highly digestible fiber and fat. The feeding of the byproductsappears to reduce acidosis and enhances feed efficiency.The previous research indicates that wet corn byproducts (distillers grains and thin stillage)are higher in net energy than corn grain; however, wet corn gluten feed (WCGF) is similar in netenergy to corn. Potential differences between wet distillers byproducts and WCGF include lipidcontent, escape protein level, and NDF level.A finishing trial using 60 individually fed yearling crossbred steers (600 lb) was conducted.Treatments consisted of a dry rolled corn, WCGF, wet distillers byproducts composite (COMP2),(WCGF, corn gluten meal, tallow), COMP2 minus tallow (-FAT) and COMP2 minus corn gluten2
meal (-CGM). The tallow and corn gluten meal were replaced with wet corn gluten feed. TheCOMP2 was formulated (DM basis) to contain 12.5% degradable protein, 12.5% undegradableprotein, 13.1 % lipid, and 32.7% NDF and consisted of 65.8% WCGF, 26.3 % CGM, and 7.9%tallow (DM basis). All diets contained (DM basis) 79.1 % dry rolled corn or dry rolled corn plus40% corn byproducts, 5% corn silage, 5% alfalfa, 5.9% molasses based supplement, and 5% drysupplement.Steers consuming the COMP2, -CGM, and dry rolled corn diets were more efficient (P.10). Steers fed the COMP2 diet consumed less (P.10) tothese treatments.A composite of feeds can be formulated that improves efficiency of gain compared withWCGF. However, it is not clear what level of fat, fiber, or escape protein or how the interactions ofthese ingredients may contribute to the increases in feeding value observed with distillersbyproducts. These results indicate that the lipid fraction of the distillers byproducts may beresponsible for the largest increase in efficiency.There are at least three factors involved in the higher feeding value for distillers byproducts(protein, energy, acidosis). Based on the limited data available regarding the level of wet distillersbyproduct in the diet, the economic value of the byproduct varies as the level fed in the diet changes.Also, as the level fed increases, more is fed per animal per day and more total byproduct would befed. The precise relationship between level of byproduct in the diet and both the feeding value andeconomic value remains elusive.Distillers Grains for Stocker Cattle, Heifers and CowsBeef calves from weaning until they enter feedlots, developing heifers and beef cows are fedprimarily forage diets. Especially in the winter, forages are low in protein and phosphorus and needto be supplemented. Further, the protein in forages is highly degraded in the rumen and the cattleshould be supplemented with undegraded (bypass) protein to meet metabolizable proteinrequirements. Distillers grains (wet or dry) is an excellent source of undegraded protein andphosphorus. The values obtained from feeding trials for undegraded protein are shown in Table 5.Wet grains were compared to dry grains and the value of the protein was similar (Table 6). Thissuggests that the high escape protein value of distillers grains is due to the innate characteristics ofthe protein and not to drying or moisture control.Stocker calves, developing heifers and cows may need energy supplement in addition tosupplemental protein and phosphorus. It is advantageous if the same commodity can be used forsupplemental energy as well as protein. We previously stated that distillers grains should have 120%the energy value of corn grain. For example, corn at $2/bu is $79/ton (90% dry matter). That meansdried distillers grains would be worth at least $95/ton as an energy source. Additional advantages fordistillers grains are that it contains very little starch and therefore should not depress fiber digestion.3
Page 7: U.S. Ethanol and & DG DDG Productio
Page 18 and 19: Handling WDG in warmer weather can
Page 21 and 22: AS-1242Feeding Coproducts of theEth
Page 23 and 24: to high levels of phosphorus in the
Page 25: Distillers Grains for Beef CattleTe
Page 29 and 30: Table 1. Energy Value of Wet vs Dry
Page 31 and 32: Table 4. Influence of Level in Diet
Page 36 and 37: Summary of Distillers Grains Feedin
Page 38 and 39: ExtensionExtraExEx 4022August 2002D
Page 41 and 42: Distillers Grains for Dairy Cattle
Page 43 and 44: 3a more desirable array of amino ac
Page 45 and 46: 5soyhulls reduced the dustiness of
Page 47 and 48: 7Owen, F. G., and L. L. Larson. 199
Page 49 and 50: The yeast species Sacchsromyces cer
Page 51 and 52: their ability to support a “norma
Page 53 and 54: The substitution of DDGS for ground
Page 55 and 56: umen ammonia levels and deficiency
Page 57 and 58: REFERENCES1. Armentano, L. 1995. Ba
Page 60: USES OF CORN COPRODUCTS IN BEEF AND
Page 63 and 64: However, there is no reason why, wi
Page 65 and 66: that diets containing 31.2% wet cor
Page 67 and 68: Wet corn distillers byproducts comp
Page 69 and 70: Table 2. Effect of Wet Distillers G
Page 71 and 72: Table 4. Energy Value of WCGF-A a f
Page 74 and 75: The Advantages of Using Corn Distil
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Distiller Grain Trial Rincker and B
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The Advantages of Using Corn Distil
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Feeding Recommendations and Example
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Table 1. Comparison of Nutrient Con
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(deoxynivalenol), T-2 toxin, fumoni
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Nursery DietsPhase II (15-25 lbs)Di
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Grow-Finish Diets (50-250 lbs)Growe
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Grower 1 Grower 2 Finisher 1 Finish
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Example Grower Diet Containing 20%
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ExtensionExtraExEx 2035August 2002A
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If you suspect a problem, send a DD
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Distillers Dried Grains with Solubl
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Cautions in Feeding DDGS to Swine1.
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Summary of Distillers Grains Feedin
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-Keys to CDDGs use in poultry diets
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performance was not affected. Witho
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at 19 wks of age and breast meat am
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Table 2. Selected Diet Composition
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Table 4. Performance of Male Market
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Distiller’s Grains: Focusing On Q
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TABLE 2. Amino acid composition and
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The Use of Distillers Dried Grains
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Kevin D. Roberson: Use of Dried Dis
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Kevin D. Roberson: Use of Dried Dis
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