Distillers Grains Feeding Recommendations. - Distillers Grains By ...

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An early biological indicator of heat damage in distillers grains may be a reduction in milkprotein percentage when fed to lactating cows. Van Horn et al. (21) observed a reduction in milkprotein percentage in cows fed DDGS with a high ADIN content (32.9% of the total nitrogen)compared to cows fed soybean meal. Others (15, 16) have observed similar results. However, itis unclear whether the reduction in milk protein percentage was caused solely from a high ADINcontent in distillers grains or an imbalance of amino acids in these diets, namely low lysine,created by the substitution of distillers grains for soybean meal. When feeding diets containingboth soybean meal and DDGS, Powers et al. (17) observed a slight decline in milk proteinpercentage only when the DDGS source contained more than 20% of the nitrogen in the ADINfraction.There appears to be conclusive evidence that animal performance is diminished in some mannerwhen heat damaged protein feeds are fed. The exact level of ADIN in DDG or DDGS where adepression in animal performance occurs is unknown. However, color of distillers grains appearsto be associated with amount of ADIN (17). Good, high quality distillers grains will have ahoney golden to caramelized golden color. Color progressing towards dark coffee grounds is anindicator of excessive heating during the drying process and the potential for high levels ofADIN.Research Studies with Distillers GrainsEarly research work on feeding distillers grains to dairy cattle has been summarized in a 1991review by Chase (4). Performance results from these studies were inconsistent. In studies whereincreases in milk yield or milk components were found, the forage base of the diet was alfalfa ora mixture of alfalfa and corn silage. Decreases in milk production or milk components fromfeeding distillers grains were associated with high levels of ADIN in DDGS and with all or veryhigh levels of corn silage in the diet. Current knowledge would indicate that the studies reportinglowered milk production resulted from reduced microbial growth in the rumen and a low dietarylysine content as the primary source of dietary protein was from corn products.Since 1991, five research studies evaluating the use of distillers grains in lactating dairy cowdiets were found. These are summarized below and in Table 4.Owen and Larson (15) reported the results of a study comparing DDGS and soybean meal indiets for early lactation cows. The dietary DM fed in this study consisted of 50% ammoniatedcorn silage and 50% concentrate. Milk production of cows fed DDGS or soybean meal wasequal when DDGS was included in the diet at 19% of the DM (low CP diet - 14.5%) butdecreased when DDGS was included at 36% of the DM (high CP diet - 18%). The authorsconcluded that the poor performance of cows fed the high DDGS diet was from poor digestibilityand a shortage of available lysine. The decrease in milk protein percentage on both the high andlow CP diets with feeding of DDGS compared to soybean meal also indicates available lysinewas deficient in these corn based diets (Table 4).5
The substitution of DDGS for ground corn in early lactation diets was evaluated by Grings et al.(9). The diets were alfalfa-based and contained 61% concentrate with DDGS at 0, 10.1, 20.8 and31.5% of the dietary DM. Crude protein content of the diets increased with increasing DDGSamounts (13.9, 16.0, 18.1 and 20.3%). Milk yield and milk protein percentage increased linearlywith increasing dietary CP (Table 4). Dry matter intakes were not different among the fourtreatments; however, fat and UIP intakes increased and NFC intakes decreased as DDGS in dietsincreased. The beneficial response to increasing CP in alfalfa-based diets up to 18.1% by theaddition of DDGS was attributed to an increased intake of CP, UIP and essential amino acids.Intestinal availability of UIP in the DDGS fed in this study was determined to be 93%.Using a Latin square design with mid-lactation cows, Clark and Armentano (5) determined theeffect of replacing alfalfa NDF with NDF from DDG on milk production and composition.Although this was only a short term study with objectives to measure fiber effectiveness,substituting DDG for 12.7% of the alfalfa DM in the diets resulted in both a milk production andmilk protein percentage increase (Table 4).Powers et al. (17) compared the performance of mid- and early-lactation cows fed 14 or 18% CPdiets containing DDGS from three different sources or soybean meal with and without bloodmeal. Amounts of DDGS in diets were 13% of the DM in the 14% CP diet and 26% of the DMin the 18% CP diet. The three sources of the DDGS are designated as 1, 2 and 3. All diets werea 50:50 forage to concentrate ratio (DM basis) with corn silage as the sole forage. The DDGSfrom sources 1 and 2 (DDGS-1 and DDGS-2) were lower in ADIN (13 and 17% of the CP,respectively) and lighter in color than the third source (DDGS-3) with 21% ADIN. Productionresults are shown in Table 4. Dry matter intakes were not affected by either source or amount ofCP in the diet. Milk productions from cows fed either DDGS-1 or DDGS-2 were higher thanthose of cows fed soybean meal. Milk production of cows fed DDGS-3 was similar to cows fedsoybean meal. Milk yields were higher with 26% DDGS than with 13% DDGS included in diets.Milk protein percentage was decreased with feeding DDGS-3. The authors indicated that qualitydifferences in DDGS do affect animal performance and need to be considered when DDGS isfed. They concluded that color and ADIN content of DDGS along with milk protein percentageare good indicators of DDGS quality.Staples et al. (19) evaluated the effects of DDGS on the performance of dairy cows fed cornsilage-based diets varying in concentrate to forage ratio. Three concentrate to forage ratios werefed (70:30, 55:45 or 40:60) with either 0 or 20% DDGS in the dietary DM. With increasingconcentrate level in the diet, a linear increase in DM intake and milk production and a lineardecrease in milk fat percentage was observed (Table 4). Feeding DDGS in replacement of cornand soybean meal resulted in about 2.5 lb more milk per day. The effectiveness of NDF inDDGS in elevating milk fat percentage when fiber deficient diets are fed was determined to beabout 68% as effective as corn silage NDF.6
Page 7: U.S. Ethanol and & DG DDG Productio
Page 18 and 19: Handling WDG in warmer weather can
Page 21 and 22: AS-1242Feeding Coproducts of theEth
Page 23 and 24: to high levels of phosphorus in the
Page 25 and 26: Distillers Grains for Beef CattleTe
Page 27 and 28: meal (-CGM). The tallow and corn gl
Page 29 and 30: Table 1. Energy Value of Wet vs Dry
Page 31 and 32: Table 4. Influence of Level in Diet
Page 36 and 37: Summary of Distillers Grains Feedin
Page 38 and 39: ExtensionExtraExEx 4022August 2002D
Page 41 and 42: Distillers Grains for Dairy Cattle
Page 43 and 44: 3a more desirable array of amino ac
Page 45 and 46: 5soyhulls reduced the dustiness of
Page 47 and 48: 7Owen, F. G., and L. L. Larson. 199
Page 49 and 50: The yeast species Sacchsromyces cer
Page 51: their ability to support a “norma
Page 55 and 56: umen ammonia levels and deficiency
Page 57 and 58: REFERENCES1. Armentano, L. 1995. Ba
Page 60: USES OF CORN COPRODUCTS IN BEEF AND
Page 63 and 64: However, there is no reason why, wi
Page 65 and 66: that diets containing 31.2% wet cor
Page 67 and 68: Wet corn distillers byproducts comp
Page 69 and 70: Table 2. Effect of Wet Distillers G
Page 71 and 72: Table 4. Energy Value of WCGF-A a f
Page 74 and 75: The Advantages of Using Corn Distil
Page 76 and 77: Distiller Grain Trial Rincker and B
Page 82: Distiller Grain Trial Rincker and B
Page 87 and 88: The Advantages of Using Corn Distil
Page 89 and 90: Feeding Recommendations and Example
Page 91 and 92: Table 1. Comparison of Nutrient Con
Page 93 and 94: (deoxynivalenol), T-2 toxin, fumoni
Page 95 and 96: Nursery DietsPhase II (15-25 lbs)Di
Page 97 and 98: Grow-Finish Diets (50-250 lbs)Growe
Page 99 and 100: Grower 1 Grower 2 Finisher 1 Finish
Page 101 and 102: Example Grower Diet Containing 20%
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ExtensionExtraExEx 2035August 2002A
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If you suspect a problem, send a DD
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Distillers Dried Grains with Solubl
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Cautions in Feeding DDGS to Swine1.
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Summary of Distillers Grains Feedin
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-Keys to CDDGs use in poultry diets
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performance was not affected. Witho
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at 19 wks of age and breast meat am
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Table 2. Selected Diet Composition
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Table 4. Performance of Male Market
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Distiller’s Grains: Focusing On Q
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TABLE 2. Amino acid composition and
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The Use of Distillers Dried Grains
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Kevin D. Roberson: Use of Dried Dis
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Kevin D. Roberson: Use of Dried Dis
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