SF-3050 GNSS Products User Guide - NavCom Technology Inc.

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SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev ETable of ContentsTable of Contents ...................................................... iList of Figures ......................................................... ivList of Tables .......................................................... viiNotices ..................................................................... ixCopyright .................................................................... ixTrademarks ................................................................ ixFCC Notice .................................................................. xUser Notice .................................................................. xLimited Warranty ........................................................ xiStarFire Licensing ................................................... xiSoftware License Agreement .................................... xiiUSG FAR ................................................................... xiiGlobal Navigation Satellite System ........................... xiiRevision History .................................................... xivUse of This Document ........................................ xviiiRelated Documents ...................................................... xixSF-3050 Quick Start Guide P/N 96-310033-3001 .... xixStarUtil 3000 User Guide P/N 96-310029-3001 ....... xixSapphire Technical Reference Manual P/N 96-3120001-3001 .......................................................... xixRINEXUtil User Guide P/N 96-310021-2101 .......... xixNavCom Release Notes ........................................... xixRelated Standards ........................................................ xxiICD-GPS-200 ........................................................... xxiGalileo OS SIS ICD .................................................. xxiGLONASS ICD, Version 5.0, 2002 ........................... xxiRTCM-SC-104 .......................................................... xxiNTRIP ....................................................................... xxiCMR, CMR+ ............................................................. xxiiRINEX ....................................................................... xxiiQZSS ........................................................................ xxiiNMEA-0183 .............................................................. xxiiPublicly Operated SBAS Signals .............................. xxiiChapter 1 Getting Started .................................. 1Product Configuration Files ............................................. 2Connect Equipment ......................................................... 3Save Folder/Files to PC ................................................... 5Establish Communications .............................................. 6i

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev EDetermine Current Firmware Versions .......................... 10Determine Firmware Version via the Input Terminal . 13Upload Firmware ........................................................... 15Upload a Unified Firmware File ................................. 16Upload a Single Firmware File .................................. 18Upload Software Options ............................................... 22Upload Software Options via the Input Terminal....... 25Upload StarFire License ................................................ 26Confirm StarFire Navigation ...................................... 30How to Cancel a StarFire License ............................. 30Factory Default User Profile........................................... 31Upload User Profile (optional) ....................................... 32Enable or Disable Receiver Tracking and/or Use ofSelect Signals and Frequencies .................................... 32Enable or Disable Receiver Use of Signals andFrequencies for Navigation ............................................ 32Chapter 2 Introduction .................................... 35System Overview ........................................................... 35GNSS Sensor System ............................................... 35Performance Upgrade Path....................................... 37Accuracy .................................................................... 40Features (for All Software Bundles) .......................... 42SF-3050A .................................................................. 45SF-3050G .................................................................. 45SF-3050S .................................................................. 46SF-3050M .................................................................. 46Bluetooth ................................................................... 47Ethernet Connection ...................................................... 47Antennae ....................................................................... 48Rover ......................................................................... 48Base .......................................................................... 49Airborne ..................................................................... 50Controller ....................................................................... 50Applications ............................................................... 54Unique Features ............................................................ 55Chapter 3 Interfacing ....................................... 63Electrical Power ............................................................. 63Proper Shutdown of SF-3050 .................................... 68Communication Ports .................................................... 70Supplied USB Device Cable ...................................... 73Bluetooth Communications Setup ............................. 74Accessories ................................................................... 83ii

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev EOptional Data Cables ................................................ 83Logging to USB Flash Drive via USB Host Cable ..... 89Direct Ethernet Connection via Static IP Address ..... 92Event .............................................................................. 971 PPS ............................................................................. 98Indicator Panel ............................................................... 99Chapter 4 Installation ..................................... 101Antennae ................................................................. 101GNSS Sensor .......................................................... 103Communication Port Connectivity ........................... 105GNSS Antenna Connector ...................................... 107Basics of RTK Surveying ............................................. 109Chapter 5 Configuration ................................ 113Factory Default Output Messages ............................... 115Message Descriptions ............................................. 116User Profiles ................................................................ 118Profile NONE ........................................................... 119Avoiding User Profile Loading Errors ...................... 120Third-Party Controller Configuration Settings .............. 120Over the Air StarFire Licensing.................................... 120Over the Air Broadcast ............................................ 121Verify License Is Saved ........................................... 122Setting Up a StarFire Priority Network ......................... 122Failed Search .......................................................... 124Reassignment of StarFire Network List ................... 124Chapter 6 Safety Instructions ........................ 125Transport ................................................................. 125Maintenance ............................................................ 125External Power Source ............................................ 126Safety First .............................................................. 126A GNSS Module Specifications ........................ 129Features ....................................................................... 129Performance ................................................................ 130Tracking Characteristics .............................................. 131Signals Tracked ....................................................... 132Receiver Noise Figure ............................................. 132Time-to-First-Fix ...................................................... 133Signal Reacquisition ................................................ 133Dynamics ................................................................. 133Measurement Performance ..................................... 133Pull-in Times ............................................................ 135User-Programmable Output Rates .......................... 136iii

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev EData Latency and Memory ...................................... 1361PPS ....................................................................... 136Connector Assignments .......................................... 137Input/Output Data Messages................................... 137Satellite-Based Augmentation System Signals ....... 138Physical and Environmental .................................... 138LED Display Functions ............................................ 139B Antenna Specifications ................................. 141Rover/Airborne Antennae Radiation Pattern ............... 145Base Antenna Radiation Pattern ................................. 147Radiation Pattern ..................................................... 150C StarFire ........................................................... 151Description ................................................................... 151Infrastructure ................................................................ 151Reliability ..................................................................... 154StarFire Satellites ........................................................ 155How to Access the StarFire Service ............................ 156D Event Input Configuration ............................. 159E Networked Transport of RTCM InternetProtocol (NTRIP) Setup ....................................... 161Configure the SF-3050 for Wireless Connection ......... 161Configure the NTRIP Server ................................... 162Configure the NTRIP Client ..................................... 162F Software License Agreement ........................ 165Software License Agreement for NavCom Technology,Inc. GNSS StarFire Receiver ................................... 165Open Source Software License Appendix .............. 176Glossary ............................................................... 191List of FiguresFigure 1: SF-3050 Rear View ............................................. 3Figure 2: NavCom Sub-Folders on PC ............................... 5Figure 3: StarUtil 3000 – Main Window .............................. 7Figure 4: Port Configuration ................................................ 8Figure 5: StarUtil 3000 Communication Window ................ 9Figure 6: Connection at Incorrect Baud Rate ................... 10Figure 7: Access to Receiver Options Tab ....................... 11Figure 8: Example of Installed Firmware .......................... 11Figure 9: Firmware Folder ................................................. 12Figure 10: Comparing Current and Installed Firmware ..... 13iv

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev EFigure 53: Bluetooth Devices in Range ............................ 76Figure 54: Bluetooth Serial Port Icon ................................ 77Figure 55: Bluetooth Serial Port Connection .................... 77Figure 56: Bluetooth Serial Port ........................................ 78Figure 57: Bluetooth Properties ........................................ 79Figure 58: Port Configuration – Bluetooth ........................ 81Figure 59: Input Terminal – PING Command andResponse ................................................................. 82Figure 60: SF-3050 Optional Data Cables ........................ 83Figure 61: Optional USB Host Cable Pin Assignment ...... 84Figure 62: Optional Ethernet Cable Pin Assignment ........ 85Figure 63: Optional USB Device/RS-232/RS-422 Y-CablePin Assignment ........................................................ 86Figure 64: Optional Ethernet/RS-232/1PPS Y-Cable PinAssignment ............................................................... 88Figure 65: Input Terminal – USBMODE ........................... 91Figure 66: Local Area Connection Window ...................... 95Figure 67: Internet Protocol Window................................. 95Figure 68: Ethernet Port Configuration ............................. 97Figure 69: SF-3050 Indicator Panel .................................. 99Figure 70: Rover, Base, Airborne GNSS Antennae (seeTable 6 for P/Ns) .................................................... 101Figure 71: SF-3050 Base Plate Dimensions WithoutMounting Brackets .................................................. 104Figure 72: SF-3050 Base Plate Dimensions with MountingBrackets .................................................................. 105Figure 73: Communication Port Connections ................. 106Figure 74: RTK Setup – Good Line of Sight ................... 110Figure 75: RTK Setup – Poor Line of Sight .................... 110Figure 76: Rover GNSS Antenna Offset ......................... 142Figure 77: Rover (P/N 82-001020-3001) AntennaDimensions ............................................................. 143Figure 78: Airborne (P/N 82-001022-3001LF) AntennaDimensions ............................................................. 144Figure 79: Rover/Airborne GNSS Antenna RadiationPattern .................................................................... 145Figure 80: Base (P/N 82-001021-3001LF) AntennaDimensions ............................................................. 146Figure 81: Base GNSS Antenna Radiation Pattern ........ 147Figure 82: PN: 82-001017-0001LF Antenna Dimensions................................................................................ 149Figure 83: 82-001017-0001LF Radiation Pattern ........... 150vi

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev ETable 29: Event Wiring Connections ............................... 159viii

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev ENoticesSF-3050 GNSS Product User GuideP/N 96-310034-3001Rev EOctober 2011Serial Number:Date Delivered:Purchased From:Copyright2011 by NavCom Technology, Inc.All rights reserved. No part of this work or thecomputer program(s) described herein may bereproduced, stored, or transmitted by any means,without the expressed written consent of the copyrightholders. Translation in any language is prohibitedwithout the expressed written consent of the copyrightholders.Trademarks„find your way‟, „NavCom Globe‟ and „NAVCOMTECHNOLOGY‟ logos are trademarks of NavComTechnology, Inc. StarFire is a registered trademarkof Deere & Company. All other product and brandnames are trademarks or registered trademarks oftheir respective holders.ix

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev EFCC NoticeThis device complies with Part 15 Subpart B Class Bof the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to thefollowing two conditions:1. This device may not cause harmfulinterference, and2. This device must accept any interferencereceived, including interference that maycause undesired operation.The GNSS sensor has been tested in accordancewith FCC regulations for electromagneticinterference. This does not guarantee noninterferencewith other equipment. Additionally, theGNSS sensor may be adversely affected by nearbysources of electromagnetic radiation.User NoticeNavCom Technology, Inc. shall not be responsible forany inaccuracies, errors, or omissions in informationcontained herein, including, but not limited to,information obtained from third party sources, such aspublications of other companies, the press, orcompetitive data organizations.This publication is made available on an “as is” basisand NavCom Technology, Inc. specifically disclaimsall associated warranties, whether express or implied.In no event will NavCom Technology, Inc. be liable fordirect, indirect, special, incidental, or consequentialdamages in connection with the use of or reliance onthe material contained in this publication, even ifadvised of the possibility of such damages. NavComTechnology, Inc. reserves the right to makeimprovements or changes to this publication and theproducts and services herein described at any time,without notice or obligation.x

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev ELimited WarrantyNavCom warrants that its Products will be free fromdefects in material and workmanship at the time ofdelivery. The warranty period is one (1) year from thedate of purchase of the Product(s). Under thiswarranty, Products found to be defective in materialor in workmanship will be repaired or replaced at thediscretion of NavCom at no cost to the Customer,provided that the Customer returns the defectiveProduct to NavCom and pays all transportationcharges, duties, and taxes associated with the returnof the Product. Parts replaced during the warrantyperiod do not extend the period of the basic warranty.This provision does not extend to any NavComProducts which have been subjected to misuse,accident or improper installation, maintenance orapplication, nor does it extend to Products repaired oraltered outside the NavCom production facility unlessauthorized in writing by NavCom.This provision is expressly accepted by the customerin lieu of any or all other agreements, statements orrepresentations, expressed or implied, in fact or inlaw, including the implied warranties ofmerchantability and fitness for a particular purposeand of all duties or liabilities of NavCom to thecustomer arising out of the use of the goods, and noagreement or understanding varying or extending thesame will be binding upon NavCom unless in writing,signed by a duly-authorized officer of NavCom. Noimplied warranty of fitness and merchantability ismade.StarFire LicensingThe StarFire signal requires a subscription andsoftware option that must be purchased in order toaccess the service. Licenses are non-transferable,xi

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev Eand are subject to the terms of the StarFire SignalLicense agreement. For further details on the StarFireSignal Network, its capabilities, terms and conditionsvisit www.navcomtech.com or send an email inquiryto sales@navcomtech.comSoftware License AgreementBy powering on and using this GNSS StarFireReceiver, you agree to the terms and conditions ofthe NavCom Technology, Inc. GNSS ReceiverSoftware License and Open Source SoftwareLicenses. The complete terms and conditions ofthese software licenses may be found in the SF-3050GNSS Products User Guide, Appendix E.USG FARTechnical Data Declaration (Jan 1997)The Contractor, NavCom Technology, Inc., herebydeclares that, to the best of its knowledge and belief,the technical data delivered herewith underGovernment contract (and subcontracts, ifappropriate) are complete, accurate, and comply withthe requirements of the contract concerning suchtechnical data.Global Navigation Satellite SystemGlobal Navigation Satellite Systems (i.e., GPS,GLONASS, Galileo) are under the control of therespective Governmental agencies, and the operationof these satellites may be changed at any timewithout warning.GPS Selective availability (S/A code) was disabled on02 May 2000 at 04:05 UTC. The United Statesgovernment has stated that present GPS users usethe available signals at their own risk.xii

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev EThe U.S. State Department International Traffic inArms Regulations (ITAR) regulations limit theperformance of commercial GNSS products. As aresult, access to satellite measurements andnavigation results will be limited from display andrecordable output when predetermined values ofvelocity and altitude are exceeded. These thresholdvalues are far in excess of the normal and expectedoperational parameters of the SF-3050 GNSSSensor.xiii

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev ERevision HistoryRev E(Oct 2011)Rev D(Nov. 2010)Appendix C, changed StarFire visibilityfrom “76 N to 76 S latitude” “10 degreelook angle”Chapter 3, revised the Note below Figure55; added a Note regarding missing cablepinsAdded StarFire GNSS servicespecifications throughout manualCorrected 1PPS pulse characteristics inChapter 3Specifications: added pulse width to1PPSUpdated graphics throughout , asnecessary, to reflect new StarUtil 3000GUI designsAdded NTRIP standards to “RelatedStandards” section in front matterChapter 1: in the “Product ConfigurationFiles” section: updated the first Note toreference Bundle A; in the “ConnectEquipment” section: updated the Note reavailability of Bluetooth connectivity; inthe “Establish Communications” section:changed the USB driver warning to aNote and added a Note re installing file“navcomx1c45x3050.inf” before startingStar Util 3000; deleted ambiguous Step14; in new Step 14, added Mass Storageas a USB Port option; updated Step 16(now Step 15) to include AutoBaudbutton; updated “Determine CurrentFirmware Versions” section: added to theNote that firmware ensembles are alwaysreferenced to the Navigation Firmwarenumber; updated Figure 9 to includeunified file; added “Determine FirmwareVersion via the Input Terminal” section; inthe “Upload Firmware” section: changedthe first two warnings to Notes; addedxiv

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev E“Upload a Unified Firmware File” section;added “Upload a Single Firmware File”section; updated the “Upload SoftwareOptions” section and added Bundle A;added “Upload Software Options via theInput Terminal” section; updated “UploadStarFire License” section to align it withnew StarUtil 3000 GUIs and theirfunctionality; added “How to Cancel aStarFire License” section; added the“Enable or Disable Receiver Trackingand/or Use of Select Signals andFrequencies” section; added “Enable orDisable Receiver Use of Signals forNavigation” sectionChapter 2: Updated “GNSS SensorSystem” section: added software BundleA; updated the RTK description; deletedfootnotes and revised notes; in the“Accuracy” section: added info re L1-RTK;in the “SBAS” section: added a Note rethe TRACKINGMODE command and ;added a footnote that Galileo is notsupported in the current firmware(v.2.0.22.0); in the “Features” section:updated “NMEA-0183 Data”; addeddescription of software bundle SF-3050A;deleted footnotes from SF-3050M;updated “Ethernet Connection”; updated“Airborne”; added photo of L1 antennaunder the L1/G1 description; updatedFigure 40 to show L1 antenna; updated“Unique Features” section: under “Multi-Format RTK,” added Moving Base RTKand Heading; and added “User-DefinedDatum”, “Internal Memory”, “Control ofPower Consumption”, “CORS Support”,and “NTRIP Support” bulleted itemsChapter 3: Added drawing of new powercable to Figure 44 (previously Figure 37);updated PIN assignments of updatedEthernet cable in Table 17; updated“Bluetooth Communications Setup”section and updated the graphics forxv

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev EBluetooth configuration; updatedPositronic socket type connector partnumber:was: P/N FR11FP9ZZLM0/AAis: P/N FR11FP922LM0/AAUpdated description of the LOGFILEcommand parameters; added Notereferring user to Appendix C of theSapphire Technical Reference Manual;updated the “Direct Ethernet Connectionvia Static IP Address” section: added thatSF-3050 supports TCP connection inaddition to UDP; referred user to Chapter2 of the StarUtil 3000 User Guide fordetailed instructions on configuringEthernet connectionChapter 5: Added “Setting Up a StarFirePriority Network” section; updated “UserProfiles” section; in section“Reassignment of StarFire Network List”,added table numbers to the tables andlinks to those tablesAppendix A: in “Features” section: addedMBRTK and Heading; added HeadingSlew to “Measurement Performance” andupdated Velocity for all DGPS modes;added PDOP disclaimer; added Noteabout RTK Extend being required only onRover receiver; added Note referring userto Chapter 5 of the StarUtil 3000 UserGuide ;updated User-ProgrammableOutput Rates table to include Bundle A;added Bundle A to note re default PVTand Raw Data Rate; added “NetworkedTransport of RTCM Internet Protocol(NTRIP) Setup” section; added Headingand Slew degrees to “MeasurementPerformance” tableAppendix B: added antenna info for L1Appendix C: in “Infrastructure” section:changed statement “GPS satellitestransmit navigation data on two L-Bandfrequencies” to “GPS satellites transmitxvi

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev Enavigation data on several L-Bandfrequencies”; changed “dual-frequency” to“multi-frequency” throughout this section;added a Note about SF-3050A singlefrequencyoperation availability; in“StarFire Satellites” section: added Table27 and Table 28 and a note regarding thereassignment of satellites ID # 609 and #643Appendix E: added this appendix(Networked Transport of RTCM InternetProtocol Setup)Appendix F: (formerly Appendix E)Glossary: Updated table referencesRev C (Nov. 2009)Rev B (Nov. 2009)Removed all references to Tall L-bandantenna and combiner kitAdded the Software License Agreementsection to Notices, and added Appendix ESoftware License AgreementAdded information about MED CompassSafe DistanceAdded information on equipment that isrequired to pass the conducted MED typeemission criteriaExtensively updated Firmware, SoftwareOptions, and StarFire License sections inChapter 1Updated various screen captures ofStarUtil 3000 in Chapter 1Changed extensions to *.opt for SoftwareOptions File and *.lic for StarFire LicenseFileAdded the part number for the Positronicplug on both data cables, with the pin typeChanged reference to “supplied GNSSantenna” to “supplied Rover, Base, orAirborne antenna”Added the caveat that the SF-3050 isIP67compliant only when cables areconnectedxvii

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev EUpdated information on the suppliedunterminated DC power cable: for EarlyProduction Units the cable is without afilter (P/N 94-310262-3010LF); for LaterProduction Units the cable has a filter(P/N 94-310274-3010LF)Revised section on the proper shutdownof the SF-3050 via ignition pinRemoved 0x5D as a supported NCT RTKcorrection typeRev A (July 2009)Initial releaseUse of This DocumentThis User Guide is intended to be used by someonefamiliar with the concepts of GNSS and satellitesurveying equipment. Note indicates additional information tomake better use of the product.This symbol means Reader BeCareful. Indicates a caution, care,and/or safety situation. The user mightdo something that could result inequipment damage or loss of data.This symbol means Danger. You are ina situation that could cause bodilyinjury. Before you work on anyequipment, be aware of the hazardsinvolved with electrical and RF circuitryand be familiar with standard practicesfor preventing accidents.Revisions to this User Guide can be obtained indigital format fromhttp://www.navcomtech.com/Support/xviii

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev ERelated DocumentsAll of the documents below, except for the NavComRelease Notes, are included on the supplied SF-3050Product Configuration USB Flash Drive (P/N 82-043000-0001).SF-3050 Quick Start GuideP/N 96-310033-3001Provides instructions to quickly set up the standardconfiguration of the SF-3050StarUtil 3000 User GuideP/N 96-310029-3001Describes the operation and use of NavCom‟sWindows-based control programSapphire Technical Reference ManualP/N 96-3120001-3001Describes the control and output data messageformats utilized by this instrument (for customerprogramming purposes)RINEXUtil User GuideP/N 96-310021-2101Describes the conversion program used on NavComproprietary output data message formats to RINEXver. 2.10 observation and navigation files (forcustomer programming purposes)NavCom Release NotesDescribes software updates for NavCom products.Current and archived Release Notes are available onthe NavCom web site:xix

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev Ehttp://www.navcomtech.com/Support/DownloadCenter.cfm?category=releasenotes.NavCom Customer Support provides softwareupdates described in the Release Notes. Submit arequest for software updates via the Request Supportweb page.xx

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev ERelated StandardsICD-GPS-200NAVSTAR GPS Space Segment /Navigation UserInterfaces Standard. ARINC Research Corporation;2250 E. Imperial Highway; El Segundo, California90245Galileo OS SIS ICDEuropean Space Agency. 8-10 rue Mario Nikis,F-75738 Paris CEDEX 15, FranceGLONASS ICD, Version 5.0, 2002Russian Space Agency, Information Analytical CentreInternet: http://www.glonass-ianc.rsa.ru/RTCM-SC-104Recommended Standards for Differential GNSSService. Radio Technical Commission for MaritimeServices; 1800 N. Kent St, Suite 1060; Arlington,Virginia 22209NTRIPRadio Technical Commission for Maritime Services(RTCM) Standard 10410.0 (RTCM Paper 200-2004/SC104-STD, Version 1.0 for NetworkedTransport of RTCM via Internet Protocol (Ntrip)Radio Technical Commission for Maritime Services(RTCM) Standard 10410.1 (RTCM Paper 111-2009-SC104-STD, Version 2.0 for Networked Transport ofRTCM via Internet Protocol (Ntrip)xxi

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev ECMR, CMR+Compact Measurement Record; Trimble NavigationLimited; 935 Stewart Drive; Sunnyvale, CA 94085RINEXReceiver Independent Exchange Format;Astronomical Institute of the University of BerneQZSSQuasi Zenith Satellite System. Japan AerospaceExploration Agency (JAXA). 7-44-1 Jindaiji Higashimachi,Chofu-shi, Tokyo 182-8522.NMEA-0183National Marine Electronics Association Standard forInterfacing Marine Electronic Devices. NMEANational Office; 7 Riggs Avenue; Severna Park,Maryland 21146Publicly Operated SBAS SignalsRTCA/DO-229DThe Radio Technical Commission for Aeronautics(RTCA) develops consensus-basedrecommendations regarding communications,navigation, surveillance, and air traffic management(CNS/ATM) system issues.RTCA. 1828 L Street, NW, Suite 805, Washington,DC 20036.These organizations implement the RTCA/DO-229Dstandard set by RTCA:xxii

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev EWAAS (Wide Area Augmentation System)U.S. Department of Transportation. Federal AviationAdministration. 800 Independence Ave, SW,Washington, DC 20591EGNOS (European Geostationary Navigation OverlayService)European Space Agency. 8, 10 rue Mario-Nikis,F-75738 Paris Cedex 15, France.MSAS (MTSAT Satellite-based AugmentationSystem)Japan Civil Aviation Bureau. Ministry of Transport.Kasumigaseki 2-1-3, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100, Japan.GAGAN (GPS Aided Geo Augmented Navigation)Indian Space Research Organization. AntarikshBhavan, New Bel Road, Bangalore - 560 094, India.xxiii

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SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev EChapter 1 ......................... Getting StartedThis chapter provides instructions to enable therobust functionality of the SF-3050. Confirm that all ordered equipment is delivered.Refer to these tables for detailed lists:Supplied Equipment: Table 5Optional Data Cables: Table 13 If any items are missing or damaged,immediately contact NavCom CustomerSupport:Telephone: +1 (310) 381-2000Web:http://www.navcomtech.com/Contact/ContactSupport.cfm Consult your dealer to determine if theSF-3050 is already fully configured. If itis configured, the SF-3050 is ready touse. To get started, refer only to thesections below to connect equipmentand operate the receiver. If the SF-3050 is not dealer-configured,the receiver is not operational until thesteps in this chapter are performed. MED Compass Safe Distance: TheSF-3050 receiver may not be installedcloser than 250mm to the ship‟scompass.1-1

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev EProduct Configuration FilesAll the files needed to set up the ordered configurationof the SF-3050 are included on the SF-3050 ProductConfiguration USB Flash Drive (P/N 82-043000-0001).The main product configuration files are: Firmware (*.s19): The most current firmware. Software Options (*.opt): The options enable thefunctionality of the SF-3050. Software Optionsmay be purchased in a bundle and/or individually. StarFire License (*.lic): The SF-3050 is hardwareready for StarFire. The StarFire License and theStarFire Software Option are required to enablethe StarFire Subscription Service. The StarFire Software Option is standard for theSF-3050 A, G, S, and M Software Bundles, andmay also be purchased individually. The StarFireLicense is a purchased item in addition to theStarFire Software Option. StarUtil 3000 (Starutil 3000_v0,0,x.exe):NavCom‟s Windows-based control program isused to upload the product configuration files. USB Driver (navcomx1c45x3050.inf) User Profiles (*.npt): The SF-3050 is alreadyconfigured with a factory default User Profile. Ifdesired, replace the factory default user profilewith a predefined profile, or create a profile.Predefined User Profiles are available on the USBFlash Drive or by email. Refer to Chapter 5/User Profiles for details.1-2

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev EConnect EquipmentANTENNA COM1 - LAN COM2 - USB POWERFigure 1: SF-3050 Rear ViewRefer to Figure 1 for the steps below:1. Use one of the two supplied data cables forcommunications:DB9S cable (P/N 94-310260-3006LF):Connect the Positronic connector end toCOM2 - USB at the rear of the SF-3050.Connect the DB9S end to the PC.OrUSB 2.0 Device cable (P/N 94-310266-3006LF): Connect the Positronic connectorend to COM2 - USB at the rear of SF-3050.Plug the USB plug end into the PC. Refer to Chapter 3, Communication Ports,for details on the ports and Bluetoothconnection.1-3

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev E2. Mount the supplied Rover, Base, or Airborneantenna. Locate the antenna in an area with a360 clear view of the sky. Refer to Chapter 4/Antennae for additionalconsiderations and restrictions.3. Connect the supplied GNSS antenna cable(P/N 94-310261-3012LF) to the GNSS antenna.Connect the other end of the cable to the TNCconnector, labeled ANT, at the rear of theSF-3050. Refer to Table 21 for longer cable lengths.4. Perform these steps to set up power:a. Plug the supplied AC power cord(P/N 73-200002-0001LF) into the suppliedUniversal AC/DC Power Adapter (P/N 82-020007-3001LF). The adapter operates oneither 120 or 240 VAC power. The purchase of a separate appliancecable may be necessary if the VAC plugconfiguration needed is not the standard2-prong American connector.b. Connect the female Positronic connector endof the Power Adapter cable into the maleconnector, labeled POWER, at the rear of theSF-3050.c. Plug the AC power cord into an AC receptacle.5. Press the front panel On/Off switch to turn on theSF-3050 (see Figure 46). All front panel LEDsilluminate for a period of 3 to 5 seconds duringpower-up. The Power/GNSS Status LED changesfrom Red to Green.1-4

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev ESave Folder/Files to PC The SF-3050 Product Configuration USBFlash Drive includes:Root Directory: Software Options File andStarFire License (if purchased)NavCom Folder: Includes these sub-folders:Firmware, Marketing Materials, Utilities,User Guides, User Profiles(The contents of the NavCom folder aresubject to change.)6. Plug the SF-3050 Product Configuration USBFlash Drive into the PC.7. Browse to the USB Flash Drive.8. Save the Software Options File, StarFire License(if purchased), and NavCom folder to the PC.9. On the PC, create two folders in the NavComfolder for the Software Options File and theStarFire License (see Figure 2).Figure 2: NavCom Sub-Folders on PC Only Software Options and StarFire Licensefiles are sent via email. All other files areavailable either on NavCom‟s website or viaCustomer Support.1-5

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev EEstablish Communications10. Browse to Navcom\Utilities\StarUtil 3000 on the PC(see Figure 2).11. Ensure that these files are in the StarUtil 3000folder: “StarUtil3000_v0,0,x.exe” (programexecutable file), “navcomx1c45x3050.inf” (USBdriver), 96-312007-3001RevX_Sapphire TRM.pdf,and 96-310029-3001RevX_StarUtil3000.pdf. The USB driver must be in the samefolder as StarUtil 3000 for the USB portto auto-recognize the SF-3050.When the SF-3050 is first connectedto the PC port, a Windows wizardopens. Locate and install the“NAVCOMx1c45x3050.inf” file beforestarting StarUtil 3000. Also, note thecom port number once the installcompletes.12. Double-click “Starutil3000_v0,0,x.exe” to open theprogram.1-6

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev EConnections ButtonFigure 3: StarUtil 3000 – Main Window13. Click the Connections button to establishcommunications between the PC and theSF-3050 (see Figure 3). The Port Configurationdialog box opens (see Figure 4).Refer to Figure 4 for the steps below:1-7

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev ECOM Port SettingsFigure 4: Port ConfigurationUSB Settings14. Set the appropriate options according to theConnection Type:OrCOM Port:COM Port: The appropriate PC COM PortBaud Rate: 57600 (keep the default)Parity: None (keep the default)USB Port:COM Port: The appropriate virtual PCCOM PortMass Storage: The appropriate flash drive15. Click or (for USB) toconnect.16. Verify that the SF-3050 is connected to the PC:Scrolling messages in the Communication window1-8

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev Eindicate that a valid connection is established atthe required baud rate (see Figure 5).Figure 5: StarUtil 3000 Communication Window A blue arrow indicates messagesreceived by the GUI. A green arrowindicates messages sent by the GUI. COM Port Connection: Scrolling linesdesignated as “DATA” indicate aconnection is established but the baud rateis not correct (see Figure 6). Reopen thePort Configuration dialog box.1-9

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev EFigure 6: Connection at Incorrect Baud Rate For remote operation, connection toeither Com 1 or Com 2 is highlyrecommended as a backup to theEthernet interface. The Com1 or Com 2backup connection can be made via acell modem, MOXA to Ethernet, etc.Determine Current Firmware VersionsThe user determines if the most current firmware isinstalled in the SF-3050. The version of the installedfirmware is important to ensure the proper operationof the receiver.In StarUtil 3000, checking the contents of theFirmware Info window (see Figure 7) on the ReceiverOptions tab is the easiest way to determine if theinstalled firmware is the most current. An alternativemethod is to use the Input Terminal window (seeDetermine Firmware Version via the Input Terminal,below).17. Click Receiver Options on the Detailed Viewsmenu to open the Receiver Options tab (seeFigure 7).1-10

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev EFirmware Info WindowFigure 7: Access to Receiver Options Tab18. Click (refresh) on the Firmware Info windowto view the current output data (see Figure 8). The firmware is identified by versionnumber. For example, the NAV firmwarein the example below is version01.00.00.003. Firmware ensembles arealways referenced to the NavigationFirmware Number.NAV Firmware VersionClick theRefreshButtonFigure 8: Example of Installed Firmware1-11

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev E19. Browse to the NavCom\Firmware folder on the PC(see Figure 2). The Firmware folder is copied fromthe SF-3050 Product Configuration USB FlashDrive. It contains the most current firmware (seeexample files in Figure 9). The firmware fileextension is *.s19.NAV FirmwareFigure 9: Firmware Folder Open the Readme.txt file for additionalinformation.20. Compare the current NAV Firmware version in theFirmware folder with the installed versiondisplayed in the Firmware Info window (seeFigure 10). In the example below, the NAV firmware in theFirmware folder is more current than theinstalled firmware. As a result, the user mustupdate the NAV firmware in the receiver.1-12

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev EOld NAV FirmwareCurrent NAV FirmwareFigure 10: Comparing Current and Installed Firmware21. If the NAV firmware installed in the receiver is notthe most current version:Check the versions of the other firmware.Write down all of the firmware that must beupdated.Go to the section below, Upload Firmware.Determine Firmware Version via the InputTerminal22. Locate the Input Terminal on the bottom right (seeFigure 12).1-13

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev EFigure 11: Input Terminal – Firmware VersionsFigure 12: Input Terminal23. Click and drag the top edge of the Input Terminalwindow to enlarge it.24. Type [VERSION] in the field at the bottom of theInput Terminal window (see Figure 13).Figure 13: Version Command1-14

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev E25. Click the Send button on the Input Terminal. Thereceiver returns a list of the currently installedfirmware.26. Browse to NavCom\Firmware on the PC (refer toFigure 2). The Firmware folder contains the mostcurrent firmware. The firmware file extension is*.s19.27. Compare the current NAV Firmware version in theFirmware folder with the installed versiondisplayed in the Input Terminal window (seeFigure 12). If the NAV firmware installed in thereceiver is not the most current version:Check the versions of the other firmware.Write down all firmware that must beupdated.Go to the Upload Firmware section, below.Upload Firmware The required PC Baud rate to uploadfirmware via the supplied DB9S cable(RS-232) on COM2 is 57600 (default).This requirement does not apply to thesupplied USB 2.0 Device cable. The receiver must be navigating at thetime of the firmware upload. Typically, if any firmware needs to be updated, itis NAV and PIOAPP.1-15

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev EUpload a Unified Firmware File28. Click Receiver Options on the Detailed Viewsmenu to open the Receiver Options tab (seeFigure 14).Figure 14: Receiver Options Tab29. Select Unified File Loader on the File Uploadwindow (see Figure 15).Figure 15: File Upload – Unified File Loader Option30. Click .31. Browse to the NavCom\Firmware folder on the PC(refer to Figure 16).Figure 16: Firmware Folder1-16

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev E32. Select the appropriate unified file to upload andclick (see Figure 16).33. The files to be uploaded are displayed on theReady to Downline Load File dialog box with theircorresponding check boxes selected (see Figure17). Select and deselect files as necessary.Figure 17: Ready to Downline Load File34. Click .35. Once the firmware files are uploaded, theFinished with All Downline Loads dialog box isdisplayed (see Figure 18).1-17

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev EFigure 18: Finished with All Downline Loads36. Click .37. Check the Firmware Info window (see Figure 8) toview the current versions of all uploaded firmware. If any file failed to load, go to Upload aSingle Firmware FileUpload a Single Firmware File38. Locate the File Upload window on the ReceiverOptions tab (see Figure 19).Figure 19: File Upload Window1-18

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev E39. Select Receiver Firmware on the File Uploadwindow (see Figure 20).Figure 20: Receiver Firmware Option40. Click and the Load Receiver Firmwaredialog box opens (see Figure 21).41. Click .Figure 21: Load Receiver Firmware42. Browse to NavCom\Firmware on the PC (see Figure22).Figure 22: Firmware Folder43. Select the appropriate firmware file.1-19

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev E Upload Boot files before application files if bothtypes require updating.Example Boot File: SP_boot1_ver2,0,1.s19 The format of the NAV firmware file is:SPv + version number.s19Example NAV File: SPv1,0,0,4.s19Figure 23: Settings for GNSS Firmware44. Set these options:Baud Rate:DB9S cable: Use the highest baud rate(i.e., 115200) unless the load fails. If theload fails, use 57600.USB 2.0 Device Cable: No selection isnecessary (automatic connection speed)Target:Select SOLARIS to upload GNSSfirmware (see Figure 23):SP_boot1_[version number].s19SP_boot2_[version number].s19SPv[version number].s19OrSelect SOLARIS PIO to upload PWRIO1-20

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev Efirmware (see Figure 24):SP_PWRIOboot1_[version number].s19SP_PWRIO_[version number].s19Buffer Size: Do not set this option. Theprogram automatically sets it.Bootloader: Do not set this option. Theprogram automatically sets it.Force Load Firmware Without PING: Keep thedefault (unchecked).Figure 24: Settings for PWRIO Firmware45. Click . An upload progress window opens(see Figure 25).Figure 25: Progress Dialog Box1-21

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev E46. At the end of the upload, a confirmation boxopens. Click OK.47. Repeat steps 39 through 48 to upload anotherfirmware file, if necessary.48. Do not close StarUtil 3000. Continue to the nextsection.Upload Software OptionsSoftware options may be purchased in a bundleand/or individually. The SF-3050 software bundlesare SF-3050A, SF-3050G, SF-3050S, andSF-3050M. Refer to Chapter 2/ Software Bundles fordescriptions of the software options in each bundle. Software Options must be uploadedbefore uploading the StarFire License, ifpurchased. The receiver must be navigating at thetime of the software options upload.49. Select Software Options on the File Uploadwindow (see Figure 26).50. Click .Figure 26: Software Options51. Browse to NavCom\Software Options on the PC.The Software Options file extension is *.opt.1-22

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev E52. Select the Software Options file. The path to thefile appears in the upload field (see Figure 27).Figure 27: Software Options Upload53. Click . At the end of upload, aconfirmation box opens. Click OK. The Input Terminal window also displays theoutcome of the upload (see Figure 28). In theexample below, the upload is successful. Referto the Sapphire Technical Reference Manual fordetailed information on the INPUTSWOPTIONcommand (see Related Documents in the forematter).Figure 28: Successful Software Options Upload54. Click (refresh) on the Software Optionswindow and check to ensure that all uploadedsoftware options are displayed (see Figure 29).1-23

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev EClick theRefreshButtonFigure 29: Software Options Window “StarFire: Enabled” indicates that theStarFire Software Option is loaded. Itdoes not indicate that a StarFire Licenseis installed.55. Do not close StarUtil 3000. Perform one of thesesteps:If a StarFire License is purchased, go to theUpload StarFire License section.If a StarFire License is not purchased, go tothe Factory Default User Profile section. The SF-3050 returns the entire list ofloaded software options. However,StarUtil 3000 does not display the entirelist in the Software Options window.Perform steps 55 through 58 to confirmthe software uploaded to the receiver.56. Type the command [INPUTSWOPTION] on theInput Terminal window.1-24

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev E57. Click Send.58. Highlight and copy the entire output.59. Open any text editor (e.g., Microsoft Notepad) andpaste the output there to verify that all softwareoptions have been uploaded to the receiver. If the above method fails to upload anyof the purchased software options,refer to the next section.Upload Software Options via the Input TerminalPerform steps 59 through 64 to upload softwareoptions via the Input Terminal.60. Open the software option file in any text editingprogram (e.g., Notepad).61. Locate the option code at the bottom of the file(e.g., 74C91E91 789FA173 8E70296A3259B2E6).62. Highlight and copy the option code.63. Enter the command [INPUTSWOPTION] on theInput Terminal window and then paste the optioncode: 74C91E91 789FA173 8E70296A3259B2E6.64. Click Send on the Input Terminal window. If thesoftware options loaded successfully, the InputTerminal window displays a confirmationmessage (see Figure 28).65. To view all currently loaded software options, click(refresh) on the Software Options window(see Figure 29).1-25

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev EUpload StarFire License For the initial configuration, the StarFirelicense must be installed via data cable.Subsequent renewals of the license aretypically transmitted to the receiver viaradio broadcast. Refer to Over the AirStarFire Licensing for details. The receiver must be tracking GPSsatellites and providing a valid positionsolution at the time of the StarFirelicense upload to accept the license.66. To confirm a valid position solution on the PVTtab/Navigation Status window, first click Position,Velocity, Time (see Figure 30) on the DetailedViews menu to open the PVT tab (see Figure 31 ).Figure 30: Position, Velocity, Time Menu ItemClick (refresh) on the Navigation Statuswindow to ensure that the current positionsolution is displayed (see Figure 31).1-26

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev EFigure 31: PVT Tab/Navigation Status WindowFigure 32: Navigation Modes Menu Item67. Click Navigation Modes on the Receiver Setupmenu to open the Set Navigation Modes dialogbox (see Figure 33).1-27

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev EFigure 33: Set Navigation Modes/StarFire RTG ONRefer to Figure 33 for the steps below:68. Click the Retrieve Settings From the Receiverbutton to retrieve the currently set navigationmodes from the receiver.69. Select the ON radio button next to StarFire RTG ifStarFire is not enabled.70. Click the Apply Changes to the Receiver button toenable StarFire navigation. Then click Close.71. Select StarFire License in the File Upload windowon the Receiver Options tab (see Figure 34).72. Click .Figure 34: StarFire License73. Browse to NavCom\StarFire License on the PC.The StarFire License file extension is *.lic.1-28

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev E74. Select the StarFire License file. The path to thefile appears in the upload field (see Figure 34).75. Click the Upload button. At the end of the upload,a confirmation box opens. Click OK. The Input Terminal window displays theoutcome of the upload (see Figure 35). In theexample below, the upload is successful. Referto the Sapphire Technical Reference Manual fordetailed information on the INPUTSFLICENSEcommand (see Related Documents in the forematter).Figure 35: Successful StarFire License Upload76. Ensure that the purchased StarFire License isloaded. These tabs provide license information:Receiver Options tab: StarFire Licenses andLicense Status windowsStarFire tab: License Info window To open the StarFire tab, click StarFire in theDetailed Views menu (see Figure 36).Figure 36: StarFire Menu Item1-29

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev EConfirm StarFire Navigation77. Click Position, Velocity & Time on the DetailedViews menu (see Figure 30) to determine if thereceiver is navigating in StarFire mode. The PVTtab opens (see Figure 37). The receiver enters StarFire modeapproximately 3 minutes after it is first turnedon; then the convergence period starts.Figure 37: Nav Mode: StarFire The Nav Mode: StarFire Dual:RTG: 3D: Dualfreq in Figure 37 indicates that the receiver isnavigating in StarFire dual frequency with a 3Dposition fix, which is very accurate. RTG isanother term for StarFire (refer to the Glossaryat the end of this guide).How to Cancel a StarFire LicenseAt the time [CANCELSFLICENSE] is input, thereceiver must be tracking GPS satellites andproviding a valid position solution for the receiver toaccept the license cancellation.78. Input the [CANCELSFLICENSE] command on theInput Terminal window to cancel the currentStarFire license (see Figure 38).1-30

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev EFigure 38: Input Terminal – Cancel StarFire License This action cancels the subscription toStarFire signal service. Users need tocontact their dealer or NavCom toreplace the license.View the Cancel License Status window on theReceiver tab to confirm the StarFire licensecancellation. The window also displays a cancel codeto affirm the cancellation of the StarFire licensebefore the expiration dateFactory Default User ProfileFurther configuration is not necessary for this initialuse of the SF-3050. The receiver is pre-configuredwith a factory default user profile that includessettings for the various port assignments/parameters,navigation parameters, and output message lists. If the SF-3050 does not functionproperly, refer to these online tools:Troubleshooting GuidesUser ManualsContact the authorized dealer or NavComCustomer Support (refer to the beginning ofthis chapter for contact information).1-31

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev EUpload User Profile (optional)If desired, replace the factory default user profile witha predefined profile, or create a profile. Refer to theStarUtil 3000 User Guide for detailed instructions. Predefined user profiles are available in theNavcom\User Profiles folder saved on the PCfrom the SF-3050 Product Configuration USBFlash Drive. Refer to Chapter 5/User Profiles in this guide forinformation on profiles.Enable or Disable Receiver Tracking and/orUse of Select Signals and FrequenciesReceiver tracking of various signals and frequenciescan be enabled or disabled.Refer to the [TRACKINGMODE] and[NAVMEASUSE] commands in the SapphireTechnical Reference Manual for detailed instructionson enabling and disabling the tracking of and receiveruse of various signals and frequencies. Also refer tothe StarUtil 3000 User Guide. These commands are used primarily forengineering experiments or receivertesting. They are not recommended foruse in other applications.Enable or Disable Receiver Use of Signalsand Frequencies for NavigationReceiver use of various signals and frequencies fornavigation can be enabled or disabled.1-32

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev ERefer to the [NAVMEASUSE] command in theSapphire Technical Reference Manual for detailedinstructions on enabling and disabling navigationsignals and frequencies. Also refer to the StarUtil3000 User Guide. This command is used primarily forengineering experiments or receivertesting. It is not recommended for use inother applications.1-33

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SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev DChapter 2 .............................. IntroductionSystem OverviewGNSS Sensor SystemThe SF-3050 Global NavigationSatellite Systems (GNSS)sensor delivers superioraccuracy to the precisepositioning community. Thisunique receiver is designedwith a robust and long-termperformance upgrade path to meet changing needsvia software upgrades. Increased functionality doesnot typically require the costly purchase of additionalhardware.The SF-3050 software-enabled features, bundled orpurchased individually, cover a wide variety ofapplications.The SF-3050 is uniquely suited for real-timeapplications in areas such as surveying, machinecontrol, precise positioning, and construction. Thesensor delivers the required millimeter measurementprecision and fast update rates at low data latency.Depending on the software bundle, the SF-3050provides flexibility to be configured as a base stationor as a rover.Superior interference suppression (both in-band &out-band), multipath mitigation, and measurementaccuracy are only a few of the sensor‟s technologicaladvances. The SF-3050 GNSS engine incorporatesseveral patented innovations advancing the existingGNSS technology to the next generation. Thereceiver provides near optimal GPS P-code recovery,2-35

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev Eproviding a significant signal-to-noise ratio advantageover competing technologies, among other benefits.There are four software bundles: the SF-3050A, SF-3050G, SF-3050S, and SF-3050M. Depending uponthe bundle, this receiver provides, but is not limited to: NavCom‟s StarFire 1 Network: A worldwideSatellite Based Augmentation System (SBAS) fordecimeter level position accuracy (postconvergenceperiod). Refer to Appendix C fordetailed information. 1 Dependent on the bundle: Subscriptionand Software Option Required RTK: This unique receiver is designed to integrateeasily into Real-Time Kinematic (RTK), field dataverification, topographical surveys, and a widevariety of surveying applications. The systemresolves ambiguities at startup or on satellitereacquisition typically within 2 seconds. TheSF-3050 delivers centimeter level positionaccuracy via external RTK 2 correction formats.The receiver is capable of NCT RTK/UltraRTK,RTCM 2.3 and 3.1 (code and phase), NetworkRTK, and CMR/CMR+ DGPS operating methods.The operating software is also capable ofsupporting an external radio modem. 2 Dependent on the bundle: SeparateSoftware Option Required2-36

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev E Signal Reception: The SF-3050 GNSS engineincludes a digital ASIC to handle high speed signalprocessing. The sensor provides provenunparalleled performance in spite of adversesignal tracking conditions by incorporating the useof GPS (L1, L2, L2C, L5), GLONASS (G1, G2),Galileo (E1, E5a), and SBAS (WAAS, EGNOS,MSAS, GAGAN) signals (standard for mostsoftware bundles). 66 Signal Channels: Provides the ability to trackmultiple frequencies of satellites in severalconstellations simultaneously. This allows forextended navigation in otherwise adverseconditions for a single constellation. An additionalchannel is dedicated to tracking StarFire signals.The system includes a Rover, Base, or Airborneantenna, and interconnection accessories outlined inTable 13.Performance Upgrade PathThe SF-3050 is designed with a robust and long-termperformance upgrade path to meet changing needsvia software upgrades. The following tables outlinethe standard and optional features of each SF-3050software bundle.2-37

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev ETable 1: Performance Upgrade Path –Position & Data RatesRateSF-3050 BundlesA 1 G S MPosition, Velocity, and Time1,5*Hz Std Std Std Std10Hz Opt Opt Opt Std25*Hz Opt Opt Opt Std50, 100Hz Opt Opt Opt OptRaw Data1, 5*Hz Std Std Std Std10Hz Opt Opt Opt Std25*Hz Opt Opt Opt Std50, 100Hz Opt Opt Opt Opt 1 Bundle A is not available in softwareprior to v. 2.0.22.0. *5Hz is the default PVT and Raw Data Rate forsoftware bundles G and S. 25Hz is the defaultPVT and Raw Data Rate for bundle M.Table 2: Performance Upgrade Path – SignalsSignalsGPSSF-3050 BundlesA 1 G S ML1 Std Std Std StdL2 Opt Std Std StdL2C Opt Std Std StdL5 Opt Std Std StdTable continued on next page…2-38

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev ESignalsGPSSF-3050 BundlesA 1 G S MG1 Std Std Std StdG2 Opt Std Std StdGalileo (Hardware Ready) 2E1 -- Std Std StdE5a -- Std Std StdCorrection SourceSBAS Std Std Std StdStarFire 3 Std Std Std Std 1 Bundle A is not available in softwareprior to v. 2.0.22.0. 2 Not available for version 1.0 software.Not supported in the current firmware(v.2.0.22.0). 3 The StarFire software option is standard forsoftware bundles G, S, and M. It does not includea StarFire license, which must be purchased touse the StarFire subscription service. SeeGlossary or Web site.2-39

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev ETable 3: Performance Upgrade Path – RTKRTK 2SF-3050 BundlesA 1 G S MRTK Base Opt Opt Std OptRTK MovingBaseOptOpt Opt OptRTK Rover Opt Opt Std OptRTK Extend Opt Opt Opt OptNetwork RTK 2 Opt Opt Std Opt 1 Bundle A is not available in softwareprior to v. 2.0.22.0. 2 Dependent on bundle optionsTable 4: Performance Upgrade Path – 1PPS/EventSF-3050 BundlesA 1 G S M1PPS/Event Opt Opt Opt Std 1 Bundle A is not available in softwareprior to v. 2.0.22.0.AccuracyL1-RTKL1-RTK supports 1 cm accuracy and is valid for up toa 5 km baseline.2-40

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev ESBASWhen WAAS, EGNOS, MSAS, or GAGAN(RTCA/DO-229D compliant) SBAS correction signalsare used, the system provides

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev ERTK mode. A rover close to the base entersRTK mode almost immediately. For longerbaselines, it may take a minute or two. ForL1/G1 RTK, antenna model selection is also afactor in ambiguity resolution and time requiredto enter RTK.Features (for All Software Bundles)Output Data RateThe SF-3050 GNSS receiver can output proprietaryraw data at programmable rates from

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev E Position, Height, & Time (PVT1B) Velocity & Heading (PVT1B) Signal to Noise (CHNLSTATUS1B) Channel Status (CHNLSTATUS1B) Correction Data (mirror data; RTKSTATUS1B) Event/Marker (EVENTLATCHA) Measurement Quality (PVT1B andPSEUDORANGESTATSB)These data can be integrated in real-time positioningapplications or post-processed against any number ofsoftware applications designed to handle NCT orRINEX raw data. The Sapphire Technical ReferenceManual, available on NavCom‟s Web site, describesthe attributes of each of the input/output records (seeRelated Documents in the fore-matter).NMEA-0183 DataThe SF-3050 is capable of outputting severalstandard NMEA-0183 data strings (see RelatedStandards in the fore-matter) and several proprietarydata strings. All data are headed with $GN, except forMLA, which is headed with $GL. All header formatsare accepted (e.g., $GP, $GL). Proprietary datastrings are denoted with a $PNCT header. TheSapphire Technical Reference Manual providesadditional controls for heading types and messagelengths for some NMEA messages.• Standard ALM – GPS Almanac Data GBS – GPS Satellite Fault Detection GGA – GPS Fix Data GLL – Geographic Position – Lat /Lon2-43

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev E GRS – GPS Range Residuals GSA – GNSS DOP & Active Satellites GST – GNSS Pseudorange Error Statistics GSV – GNSS Satellites In View HDT – Heading Degrees True MLA – GLONASS Almanac Data RMC – Recommended Min. Specific GNSS Data ROT – Rate of Turn RRE – Range Residual Errors(This command is not defined in NMEA 0183Standard version 3.0.) VTG – Course Over Ground & Ground Speed ZDA – Time & Date• Proprietary (header $PNCT)Described in the Sapphire Technical ReferenceManual (see Related Documents in the fore-matter) GGA – GPS Fix with Field 14 GST – GNSS Pseudorange Error Statistics MDE – Marginally Detectable Error SET – Solid Earth Tide• Software BundlesSoftware Options may be purchased in a bundleand/or individually.The Software Options File contains all of thepurchased Software Options, whether purchased in abundle or individually. The initial Software OptionsFile must be uploaded to the receiver to enable thefunctionality of the SF-3050. Later purchased2-44

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev Esoftware upgrades are also provided in a SoftwareOptions File for upload.SF-3050AThe SF-3050A 1 is a multi-constellation, StarFireenabled2 single-frequency GNSS receiver system forusers that require precise global positioning superior toWAAS-based L1 receivers without being limited to aspecific geographical region. Upgrade paths for higherdata rates and other options make the SF-3050A idealfor many Survey and Positioning applications: Construction Machine Control Assisted Crane Guidance Offshore Dynamic Positioning GIS Data Collection 1 Not supported in version 1.0SF-3050GThe SF-3050G is a multi-constellation,StarFire-enabled 2 GNSS receiver system for users thatrequire high-availability, worldwide, decimeter accuracy.Upgrade paths for higher data rates and other optionsmake the SF-3050G ideal for many Offshore Surveyand Positioning applications: Nautical Stationkeeping Dynamic Positioning Dredging and Offshore Construction Deep Water Survey 2 StarFire Software Option is standard.StarFire subscription is required.2-45

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev ESF-3050SAdding Base, Rover, and Network RTK 2 to thefeature- rich SF-3050G receiver, the SF-3050S is apowerful engine for use in Land Survey applicationswhere precision is vital. The small form-factor, lightweight (only 1.1 lb), and Bluetooth connectivity allowthe receiver to fit nicely into a backpack Land Surveysystem with only an external RF cable to thepole-mounted antenna. In addition, the built-in,high-speed data ports (USB and Ethernet) enablehigh-speed data transfer or remote communication tothe receiver.The SF-3050S sensor meets the needs of a largenumber of applications including, but not limited to: Topographical Surveys in Rough Terrain High-Accuracy Data Collection for Post-Processing Real-time Positioning Application Dependent on software bundleSF-3050MWith 25Hz data rate output, 1PPS, and Event Markerfeatures standard, the SF-3050M is a hard-workingGNSS receiver targeted towards any applicationrequiring high-precision data at a high rate. Userswith machine control and aerial survey applicationswill appreciate the compact form-factor, powerfulGNSS performance, and critical coordination signals(1PPS and Event Marker).2-46

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev EThe SF-3050M is ideal for vehicle mounting to suit awide variety of machine guidance and controlapplications: Towed Implement Guidance Construction Machine Control – Blade Controland Grading Railway, Ship, and Aircraft Precision Tracking Port Operations and Container TrackingBluetoothThe SF-3050 GNSS receiver is Bluetooth capable inall software bundle configurations. The Bluetoothmodule permits cable-less operation between thesensor and a Bluetooth equipped controller. Wirelessconnectivity is provided within a range of 10 m (32 ft),and a data rate of 230.4Kbps is supported, 10 Hzmaximum. The Bluetooth module contains Bluetoothcertified components and is FCC and CE certified.Communications performance is dependent on theuser Bluetooth device used.Refer to Chapter 3/Bluetooth Communications Setupfor setup instructions via the supplied NavComsoftware utility, StarUtil 3000 or via the Input Terminalusing the [BTSET] command.Ethernet ConnectionAn Ethernet connection may be set up for the SF-3050 receiver. Refer to Chapter 2 of the StarUtil 3000User Guide and to the Sapphire Technical ReferenceManual [ETHCONFIG] and [ETHVCOM] commandsfor detailed instructions on configuring andestablishing an Ethernet connection.2-47

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev EAntennaeThe SF-3050 GNSS sensor must be ordered with theRover, Base, or Airborne antenna. Each antenna isdescribed below.RoverThe Rover integrated GNSSantenna(PN: 82-001020-3001LF)tracks GPS (L1, L2, L2C,L5), Galileo (E1, E5A),GLONASS (G1, G2), StarFire (L-Band differentialcorrections), and SBAS (WAAS/EGNOS/MSAS/GAGAN) signals. The compact GNSS antenna hasexcellent tracking performance and a stable phasecenter. This antenna is listed in the NOAA GNSSAntenna Calibration tables, as NCT-ANT3001R. Therobust housing assembly features a standard 5/8”BSW thread for mounting directly to a surveyor‟spole, tripod, or mast and is certified to 70,000 feet,(see Specifications for restrictions).2-48

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev EBaseThe Base integrated GNSS antenna(PN: 82-001021-3001LF) tracks GPS (L1, L2, L2C,L5), Galileo (E1, E5A), GLONASS (G1, G2), StarFire(L-Band differential corrections), and SBAS(WAAS/EGNOS/MSAS/ GAGAN) signals. The BaseGNSS antenna is designed to reduce multipath errorto provide better RTK corrections to the rovernetwork. It has excellent tracking performance and astable phase center. This antenna is listed in theNOAA GNSS Antenna Calibration tables, asNCT-ANT3001B. The robust housing assemblyfeatures a standard 5/8” BSW thread to permanentlyinstall the antenna. It is certified to 70,000 feet (seeSpecifications for restrictions).2-49

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev EAirborneThe Airborne integratedantenna (PN: 82-001022-3001LF) tracks all GNSS,WAAS/EGNOS/MSAS/GAGAN and StarFire signals.The compact GNSS antenna has excellent trackingperformance and a stable phase center for GPS (L1,L2, L2C, L5), Galileo (E1, E5A), and GLONASS (G1,G2). This antenna is listed in the NOAA GPS AntennaCalibration tables, as NCT-ANT3001A. The robusthousing assembly features a flat mounting surfacewith four mounting holes and a downward facing TNCconnector. This antenna is also certified to 70,000feet, and is TSO-C144 certified (see Specifications forrestrictions).L1/G1The standard integratedantenna (PN: 82-001017-0001LF) tracks GPS L1,GLONASS G1, WAAS/EGNOS/MSAS/GAGAN, andStarFire signals. This antenna is not listed on theNOAA GPS Antennae Calibration Table Web site.Our compact GPS antenna has excellent trackingperformance and a stable phase center for GPS L1.The robust housing assembly features a standard5/8” BSW thread for mounting directly to a surveyor‟spole, tripod, or mast and is certified to 70,000 ft.ControllerThe SF-3050 GNSS sensor is designed for use withan external controller solution connected via one oftwo Positronic COM ports 1 or Bluetooth.1 For initial configuration2-50

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev EThis may be accomplished using a PC, Tablet PC, orPersonal Digital Assistant (PDA) and a softwareprogram that implements the rich control languagedefined for NavCom GNSS products. Refer to theuser guide of your controller solution for furtherinformation. NavCom lists several applicationsoftware solutions on our website:http://www.navcomtech.com/Support/ApplicationSoftware.cfmIn addition, NavCom provides a Windows basedsoftware utility, StarUtil 3000, with the receiver.The StarUtil 3000 User Guide, P/N 96-310029-3001,is available on-line athttp://www.navcomtech.com/Support/DownloadCenter.cfm?category=manuals.Included ItemsFigure 39: SF-3050 Supplied Equipment2-51

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev ETable 5: Supplied Equipment1 SF-3050 GNSS Sensor (P/N 92-310413-3001LF)2SF-3050 GNSS Sensor (w/out Bluetooth) (P/N 92-310413-3003LF)3 GNSS Antenna Cable, 12 ft (P/N 94-310261-3012LF)456Positronic 9-Pin Female Universal AC/DC Power Adapter110-220VAC, 12VDC, 1.50A. (P/N 82-020007-3001LF)Positronic 9-Pin Male to DB9S (RS-232/RS-422/1PPS)Data Cable, 6 ft. (P/N 94-310260-3006LF)Positronic 9-Pin Male to USB 2.0 Device Plug, 6 ft(P/N 94-310266-3006LF)7 Mounting Brackets, 2. (P/N 88-310442-3001LF)89Early Production Units:Positronic 9-Pin Female Unterminated Power CableWithout Filter, 10ft (P/N 94-310262-3010LF) {Not Shown}Later Production Units:Positronic 9-Pin Female Unterminated Power Cable WithFilter, 10ft (P/N 94-310274-3010LF) {Not Shown}SF-3050 Product Configuration USB Flash Drive.Contains: Software Options file, Firmware file, UserProfiles, User Guides, Brochures, Software Utilities,Technical Papers, and if purchased, a StarFire Licensefile. (P/N 82-043000-0001) {Not Shown}Important: Refer to Chapter 1 for steps to enable thefunctionality of the SF-3050 via the USB flash drive.10 Quick Start Guide (P/N 96-310033-3001) {Not Shown}11American 2-Pin AC power Cord, 10 ft(P/N 73-200002-0001LF) {Not Shown}2-52

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev EFigure 40: Rover, Base, and Airborne AntennaeTable 6: SF-3050 Antennae1 Rover GNSS Antenna (P/N 82-001020-3001LF)2 L1/G1 Antenna (P/N: 82-001017-0001LF)3 Airborne GNSS Antenna (P/N 82-001022-3001LF)4 Base GNSS Antenna (P/N 82-001021-3001LF) The SF-3050 GNSS sensor must be orderedwith the Rover, Base, or Airborne antenna.2-53

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev EApplicationsThe SF-3050 GNSS receiver meets the needs of alarge number of applications. Depending on thepurchased software bundle or individual options, theapplications include, but are not limited to:• Offshore Nautical Stationkeeping Dynamic Positioning Dredging and Offshore Construction Deep Water Survey• Machine Control and Vehicle Navigation Towed Implement Guidance Construction Machine Control – Blade Controland Grading Railway, Ship, and Aircraft Precision Tracking Port Operations and Container Tracking• Land Survey and GIS Boundary Survey Topographical Surveys in Rough Terrain Construction Site Stake-out High-Accuracy Data Collection for Post-Processing Hydrographic Survey• Military Applications Non-Weaponized Military Positioning Applications Unmanned Systems Oceanographic Survey and Research• Specialty ApplicationsAerial – Photogrammetric SurveyHigh-Value Asset Location and TrackingPositioning in Mining ApplicationsContinuously Operating Reference StationsStructural MonitoringReal-time Positioning ApplicationsOEM Integration2-54

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev ENavCom lists several application software solutionson our website:http://www.navcomtech.com/Support/ApplicationSoftware.cfmUnique FeaturesThe SF-3050 GNSS sensor has many unique features:• Performance Upgrade PathThe SF-3050 is designed with a robust and long-termperformance upgrade path to meet changing needsvia software upgrades. Increased functionality doesnot typically require the costly purchase of additionalhardware. The SF-3050 software-enabled features,bundled or purchased individually, cover a widevariety of applications.• StarFireThe ability to receive NavCom‟s unique StarFire 1correction service is fully integrated within each unit(no additional equipment required). A single set ofcorrections can be used globally enabling a user toachieve decimeter level positioning accuracy withoutthe need to deploy a separate base station, thussaving time and capital expenditure.StarFire position outputs are referenced to theITRF-05 datum.• Over The Air StarFire LicensingOver The Air StarFire Licensing is the easiest wayto install a StarFire license. The installation of apurchased license is accomplished via radio broadcast.Over The Air StarFire Licensing is especiallyconvenient for receivers in remote locations in the field.1 Dependent on Bundle Options: Subscription and SoftwareOption Required.2-55

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev E• NCT RTK/UltraRTKThe RTK/UltraRTK algorithm developed by NavComprovides fast initialization and the NCT ultra compactbinary data format for RTK/UltraRTK ensures robustdata throughput.The SF-3050 is capable of outputting or acceptinglegacy 0x5B (RTK) or 0x5E (UltraRTK) binaryformats. Refer to the TRM for more details (seeRelated Documents in the fore-matter).• Positioning FlexibilityThe SF-3050 is capable of using WAAS, EGNOS,MSAS, GAGAN (RTCA/DO-229D compliant) codecorrections via two internal Satellite BasedAugmentation System (SBAS) channels. TheSF-3050 automatically configures to use the mostsuitable correction source available and changes asthe survey dictates (this feature can be overridden).• RTK ExtendRTK Extend 1 enables continuous real-RTK/RTK levelpositioning accuracy during radio communicationoutages by utilizing NavCom‟s global StarFirecorrections.Traditionally, when an RTK rover losescommunication with the base station, it is unable toprovide centimeter position updates for more than afew seconds, resulting in user down-time andreduced productivity. With RTK Extend, a NavComStarFire receiver operating in RTK mode cantransition to RTK Extend mode and maintaincentimeter level positioning during communicationloss for up to 15 minutes. RTK Extend allows moreefficient and uninterrupted work, enabling focusedconcentration on the work rather than the tools.1 Separate Software Option Required2-56

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev ERTK Extend is a unique patented technique, notavailable on any other manufacturer‟s receivers.• Multi-Format RTKRefer to Appendix E, Base Network RTKConfiguration, in the Sapphire Technical ReferenceManual for detailed instructions.• User-Defined DatumUsers can check the current datum (a referencesurface to be used in defining the 3D coordinates of aposition) or set a specific datum to be used as theposition for all PVT data output. Refer to the SapphireTechnical Reference Manual and the StarUtil 3000User Guide for detailed instructions on the use of the[DATUM] command.• HeadingThe SF-3050 heading system consists of twoSF-3050 receivers connected via a serial cable.Each receiver‟s antenna is located on the platform atthe maximum possible separation. One of the units isconfigured as a moving base and computes itsposition 10 times a second using any availableaugmentation signal. The moving base outputsposition and RTK measurement corrections to theother unit, which is configured as a heading rover.The heading rover computes the heading lookingfrom the base antenna to the rover antenna andoutputs the heading and position of both antennae upto a rate of 10 Hz. Applications include constructionequipment such as excavators and marineapplications such as dredging.2-57

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev E• Coordinated MachinesAn SF-3050 configured as a moving base is locatedon a reference platform. An SF-3050 configured as arover is located on one or more additional platforms.All of the SF-3050 rovers are connected to themoving base via a wireless communication link. Themoving base computes its position 10 times a secondusing any available augmentation signal. The movingbase outputs position and RTK measurementcorrections to the rovers. The rovers compute therange and bearing to the moving base and output therange and bearing, plus their position and the positionof the moving base, at up to 10 times a second.Applications include those requiring the relativepositions of two or more moving platforms, such asleader-follower vehicle applications or the relativepositions of planes or marine vessels.• Data SamplingGPS (L1, L2, L2C, L5), GLONASS (G1, G2), Galileo(E1, E5a), and SBAS (WAAS, EGNOS, MSAS,GAGAN) raw measurement data is up to 5Hz in thestandard configuration for the SF-3050G andSF-3050S. An optional upgrade allows 10, 25, 50,and 100Hz raw measurement data via high speedports.For the SF-3050M, the raw measurement data is upto 25Hz in the standard configuration, with theoptional upgrade of 50 and 100Hz.The PVT (Position, Velocity, & Time) data is output atup to 5Hz in the standard configuration for theSF-3050G and SF-3050S. An optional upgradeallows 10, 25, 50, and 100Hz position updates forhighly dynamic applications.2-58

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev EFor the SF-3050M, the PVT data is output at up to25Hz in the standard configuration, with the optionalupgrade of 50 and 100Hz.• Internal MemorySee the Sapphire Technical Reference Manual andthe StarUtil 3000 User Guide for detailed instructionson utilizing the SF-3050 internal memory flash drive.• Control of Power ConsumptionPower consumption may be immediately reduced onthe SF-3050 by disabling signals, as necessary, usingthe [TRACKINGMODE] command. Refer to theSapphire Technical Reference Manual for instructionson using this command.• Continuously Operating Reference Station(CORS) SupportWhen optioned as an RTK Base Station, the SF-3050is capable of computing and outputting RTK messagestreams in multiple formats and raw satellitemeasurement data for post-processingsimultaneously. All message formats can be outputon one of the high-speed USB or Ethernet ports, ormessages can be distributed among any of the eightuser ports. The following is an example of a realworld application: Com 1: NavCom proprietary corrections (x5B,x5C, etc.); transmit via 900 or 400MHz radios Com 2: CMR+; transmit via 900 or 400MHz radios USB: Command and Control (StarUtil Interface) Bluetooth: Command and Control (StarUtilInterface) Ethernet Port 1: Command and Control (StarUtilInterface)2-59

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev E Ethernet Port 2: RTCM v2.3 Ethernet Port 3: CMR+ Ethernet Port 4: RTCM v3.1 (can include Ntrip)Refer to the Sapphire Technical Reference Manual,Appendix E, for RTK operation information.For IGS or similar permanent Base applications,NavCom offers a Choke Ring antenna option tosignificantly reduce multipath errors on signalreception.• NTRIP SupportThe generation of differential GPS correction data isusually done directly on the GPS receiver of areference station, but this data can also be derivedfrom observations obtained by networked referencestations. The combined data stream is then fed into anetwork computer and made available on theInternet.Refer to Appendix E, RTCM Internet Protocol(NTRIP).Also see the [NTRIPCLIENT], [NTRIPCONFIG], and[NTRIPSERVER] commands in the SapphireTechnical Reference Manual for detailed instructions.• GNSS PerformanceThe SF-3050 utilizes NavCom‟s Sapphire GNSSengine, which incorporates several patentedinnovations. Sapphire‟s industry leading receiversensitivity provides more than 50% signal to noiseratio advantage over competing technologies. Thisresults in improved real time positioning, proventhrough independent tests, when facing variousmultipath environments.2-60

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev E• Rugged DesignUnits have been tested to conform to MIL-STD-810Ffor low pressure, solar radiation, rain, humidity,salt-fog, sand, and dust. In addition, the unit isIP certified to the IP67 level (compliant only whencables are connected).The SF-3050 is also certified 1 tocomply with the relevant typeapproval procedures for marineequipment of the Marine EquipmentDirective (MED) 96/98/EC. The“wheel mark” displayed to the rightsignifies that the SF-3050 complieswith the MED requirements.The rugged design of the SF-3050 systemcomponents provides protection against the harshenvironments common to areas such as constructionsites, offshore vessels, and mines.In some extreme shock and vibration applications,additional isolation hardware may be required.1 Requires use of NavCom‟s supplied AC/DC converter.2-61

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SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev DChapter 3 ................................. InterfacingThis chapter details the SF-3050 GNSS sensorconnectors, LED display, appropriate sources ofelectrical power, and how to interface thecommunication ports.Electrical PowerA rear panel 9-pin Positronic male connector provideselectrical power to the SF-3050. Pin assignments aregiven in Table 7; see Figure 44 for pin location on theconnector.PinTable 7: External Power Cable Pin-OutSignal1 1PPS Out2 Ignition3 Event4 Power Input 9 to 32VDC, 6W typical5 Power Return6 Power Input 9 to 32VDC, 6W typical7 Not Used8 Not Used9 Signal GND Power may be applied to Pins 6 and 4.Pin 6 is primarily used.3-63

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev EThe SF-3050 is supplied with: Universal AC/DC, 12V, 1.5A power adapter(P/N 82-020007-3001LF). See Figure 41. One of these Unterminated DC Power Cables:Early Production Units:Positronic 9-Pin Female Unterminated PowerCable Without Filter, 10ft (P/N 94-310262-3010LF). See Figure 43.Later Production Units:Positronic 9-Pin Female Unterminated PowerCable With Filter, 10ft (P/N 94-310274-3010LF). Not shown.Figure 41: Universal Power Adapter Where MED type approved installations arerequired, the SF-3050 must be powered bythe supplied AC/DC power adapter, or anapproved DC to DC power converter.This equipment is required to pass theconducted MED type emission criteria:Unterminated DC power cable with filter(P/N 94-310274-3010LF); supplied onlywith later SF-3050 production units.Approved DC to DC power converter. Theconverter isolates the SF-3050 power andchassis grounds.3-64

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev EContact NavCom Customer Support for moreinformation:http://www.navcomtech.com/Contact/ContactSupport.cfm Replacement AC power cords are availablethrough small appliance retailers (RadioShack, Walmart, Best Buy, etc.). AC powercords for non-110VAC locales must bepurchased locally.Figure 42: AC Power CordFigure 43: Unterminated Power Cable without FilterP/N 94-310262-3010LF is supplied with early SF-3050production units (see Figure 43). It is a 10ft (3m)unterminated power cable without a filter used toconnect directly to a DC source.P/N 94-310274-3010LF is supplied with later SF-3050production units. It is a 10ft (3m) unterminated powercable with a filter used to connect directly to a DCsource.Both unterminated power cables are fitted with aPositronic socket type (connector: FR11FP922LM0/AA;pin: FC422N6/AA). The wiring color code and pinassignments provided below apply to both cables.3-65

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev ETable 8: DC Power Cable Pin AssignmentsColor Signal Pin NoBlue 1PPS Out 1Brown Ignition 2Yellow Event 3Orange Power Input 4Black Power Return 5Red Power Input 6Green Not Used 7Violet Not Used 8Gray GND 9Figure 44: Power Cable Pin Assignment3-66

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev EThe GNSS sensor is protected from reverse polaritywith an inline diode. It will operate on any DC voltagebetween 9 and 32 VDC, 6 watts typical. Voltages less than approximately 6VDCwill turn the unit off. Voltages fromapproximately 5VDC to < 7VDC willcreate a brown-out. In such case, powerthe unit on as follows:1. Ignition Pin: Provide power 9 to 32 VDC2. Front Panel On/Off Switch: Press the On/Offswitch to turn the unit off. Then press and hold theOn/Off switch in for more than 2 seconds to turnthe unit on.To set the receiver to power up assoon as power is applied to the DCInput port, use the ignition pin (2) inconjunction with DC power. Voltages in excess of 34VDC willdamage the unit. The power supply mustbe well conditioned with surgeprotection. Vehicular electrical systemswhich create voltage spikes in excess of34VDC will benefit from providing powerprotection during vehicle engine powerup.This can be accomplished through arelay power-on sequence and/or powerconditioning (such as a DC to DCconverter). Do not connect equipmentdirectly to the vehicles battery without inlineprotection (such as a DC to DCconverter).3-67

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev EProper Shutdown of SF-3050To turn off the SF-3050 properly: Press the On/Off switch on the front panel (seeFigure 46). There may be a delay ofapproximately 2 seconds before the unit turns off.Or Switch off power to the ignition pin. The SF-3050 will not shut down properlyunless the external power source iscorrectly connected to the SF-3050 asdisplayed in Figure 45.The connection of the ignition wiredirectly to the power wire is notrecommended, and may result in thecorruption of data at shutdown of theSF-3050.Do not unplug the positronic end ofthe supplied unterminated powercable before switching off power tothe ignition pin. The receiver may notshutdown properly.12VDCIgnitionPower Source12VDCGroundSF-3050Figure 45: Proper External Power Source Setup3-68

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev EPower/GNSSStatusStarFireStatusOn/OffData I/OActivityBluetoothConnectivityFigure 46: SF-3050 Front ViewANTENNA COM1 - LAN COM2 - USB POWERFigure 47: SF-3050 Rear View3-69

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev ECommunication PortsThe SF-3050 provides two 9-pin female Positronicconnector communication ports labeled COM1 - LANand COM2 - USB located at the rear of the sensor, asshown in Figure 47 above.COM1 - LAN conforms to the EIA RS-232 standardwith data rates from 9.6 to 115.2kbps max. It alsoconforms to the IEEE 802.3 Ethernet standard withdata rates from 10 to 100Mbps.The COM1 - LAN connector pin-outs are described inthese tables: RS-232/1PPS: Table 9 Ethernet (LAN): Table 15 Ethernet (LAN)/RS-232 Y-Cable: Table 17COM2 - USB conforms to the EIA RS-232/RS-422standard with data rates from 9.6 to 115.2kbps max.It is also USB 2.0 compliant with 12Mbps maximumdata rate.The COM2 - USB connector pin-outs are described inthese tables: RS-232/RS-422: Table 10 USB 2.0 Device: Table 11 USB 2.0 Host: Table 14 USB 2.0 Device/RS-232/RS-422: Table 16The SF-3050 is configured as a DCE device. Laptopand desktop computers are configured as DTEdevices. If the supplied cable is not long enough, astraight-through cable will provide proper connectivityThe SF-3050 provides Bluetooth wireless connectivitywithin a range of 10 meters (32 feet). The Bluetooth3-70

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev Emodule contains Bluetooth-certified components. Thedata rate for Bluetooth communications is 230.4Kbps.Refer to the section below Bluetooth CommunicationsSetup.There are two supplied interface data cables: Positronic 9-Pin Male to DB9S (RS-232/RS-422/1PPS) (P/N 94-310260-3006LF): constructed asdescribed in Figure 49 and Figure 50. Positronic 9-Pin Male to USB 2.0 Device Plug(P/N 94-310266-3006LF): constructed asdescribed in Figure 51.The part number for the Positronic plug on both datacables is FR11MP922LM0/AA, with the pin type:MC422N/AA.RS-232/RS-422/1PPS(P/N 94-310260-3006LF)USB 2.0 Device(P/N 94-310266-3006LF)Figure 48: Supplied Data CablesThe optional interface data cables support USB 2.0Device and Host, Ethernet, and RS-232 and RS-422(refer to Table 13).3-71

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev EPositronicPinsTable 9: COM1 Serial Cable Pin-Outs(P/N 94-310260-3006LF)Signal Nomenclature[DCE w/respect to DB9]DB9SPins1 Not connected -2 Not connected -3 1PPS Out 84 RXD RS-232 COM1 35 TXD RS-232 COM1 26 Not connected 77 Not connected -8 Not connected -9 GND 5PositronicPinsTable 10: COM2 Serial Cable Pin-Outs(P/N 94-310260-3006LF)Signal Nomenclature[DCE w/respect to DB9]DB9SPins1 Not connected -2 Not connected -3 RXD+ RS-422 84 RXD RS-232 COM2/ RXD- RS-422 35 TXD RS-232 COM2/ TXD- RS-422 26 TXD+ RS-422 77 Not connected -8 Not connected -9 GND 53-72

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev EFigure 49: COM1 Serial Cable Pin AssignmentFigure 50: COM2 Serial Cable Pin AssignmentSupplied USB Device CableP/N 94-310266-3006LF is the supplied 6ft (1.83m)data cable fitted with a Positronic plug type and aUSB A plug type, used to connect as Device directlyto a USB 2.0 connector. The pin assignments areprovided below. COM2 - USB is the only USB compliant port.3-73

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev ETable 11: USB Device Cable Pin Assignment(P/N 94-310266-3006LF)USB Pins Signal Positronic Pins1 VCC 12 Data- 83 Data+ 74 GND 9PN: 94-310266-3006LFPositronicUSB A PlugFront ViewPin 4Pin 1USB1234123456789NavComReceiver78651924309-00004-AFigure 51: USB Device Cable Pin AssignmentBluetooth Communications SetupThis section provides instructions to determine theBluetooth Virtual COM port on a PC and connect tothe SF-3050 via Bluetooth.The SF-3050 Bluetooth Baud rate is fixed at 230400Baud. It will not connect at any other speed. The datarate is 10 Hz maximum. Communicationsperformance is dependent on the user‟s Bluetoothdevice used.1. Write down the SF-3050 serial number (from thelabel on the receiver).2. Turn on the SF-3050.3-74

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev E3. Plug the Bluetooth dongle (if one is being used 1 )into the proper port on the PC. 1 Many laptops incorporate Bluetooth, butnot all will work; a dongle is an option.4. Right-click the Bluetooth icon on the Windowstaskbar and select Explore My Bluetooth Placesfrom the pop-up menu to open the My BluetoothPlaces dialog box (refer to Figure 52).5. Double-click Search for devices in range on theMy Bluetooth Places dialog box to display a list ofthe Bluetooth devices in range (refer to Figure53).Figure 52: Search for devices in range3-75

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev EFigure 53: Bluetooth Devices in Range The naming convention for the SF-3050 isSF-3050ProductTypeSerialNumber. Example:SF-3050, 10280,2 The SF-3050 product types areSF-3050, 3050A, SF-3050G,SF-3050S, and SF-3050M in StarUtil3000 ver. 1.0.1.5 and earlier. Laterversions will simply report SF-3050.6. Double-click the desired SF-3050 in the Bluetoothdevice list (see Figure 53). A Bluetooth serial porticon for the selected receiver is displayed (seeFigure 54).3-76

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev EFigure 54: Bluetooth Serial Port Icon7. Double-click the Bluetooth serial port icon. Agraphic with green arrows indicates a connectionis established between the Bluetooth Virtual COMport on the PC and the Bluetooth dongle (seeFigure 55).Figure 55: Bluetooth Serial Port Connection If the PC requests a Bluetooth passcode,click OK. There is no passcode for the SF-3050 Bluetooth device; use the BTSETcommand on the Input Terminal to create ordelete a passcode in the receiver over the3-77

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev Eserial port if the computer requires apasscode. Refer to the BTSET command inthe Sapphire Technical Reference Manual. Not all Bluetooth devices are compatiblewith the SF-3050. Refer to NavCom‟sSupport/Troubleshooting Guides Web pagefor additional information.8. Double-click the Bluetooth serial port icon shownin Figure 55 to display the Bluetooth Serial Portdialog box (see Figure 56), which confirms theconfigured COM port.9. Click OK.Figure 56: Bluetooth Serial Port10. To verify the assigned COM port, right-click theBluetooth serial port icon (refer to Figure 55) andselect Properties on the pop-up menu (theBluetooth Properties dialog box opens).3-78

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev EThe Bluetooth Properties dialog box (refer toFigure 57) displays the Bluetooth virtual COM portassigned to the Bluetooth dongle. (Notate theCOM port number for use in step 15, below.)Figure 57: Bluetooth Properties11. Click OK on the Bluetooth Properties dialog box.12. Open StarUtil 3000 on the PC.13. Click the Connections button on the Shortcut barto open the Port Configuration dialog box (seeFigure 58). The Bluetooth module can be in one oftwo modes:Command mode. It has no activeconnection. It can receive commandsfrom any other port via an onboardprocessor (Atmel).Data Mode – Once another device hasbeen connected to the receiver viaBluetooth, an active connection hasbeen established and Bluetooth is in3-79

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev Edata mode, meaning it maintains anactive connection and canreceive/send data via the Bluetoothport. (An example would be a usercreating a serial port using Bluetoothmanagement software on his laptopand then using StarUtil 3000 toconnect to the receiver via that serialport.) In this mode, the module has anactive data connection with aconnected device; it does not receivecommands because commands wouldbe interpreted as data that need to bepassed to the connected device. The only way to return Bluetooth tocommand mode once it is in data modeis to issue a [BTSET]DISCONNECTcommand, but keep in mind that issuingthis command drops any activeconnection. When the Bluetooth module is in “datamode,” the keywords areON/OFF/DISCONNECT. The remainingkeywords return NAK - “BT module indata mode”. Turning on Bluetooth is associated witha software reset of the Bluetoothfirmware, so the system returns thesame output as when the RESETcommand is issued (see details on theuse of the [RESET] command in theSapphire Technical Reference Manual).When Bluetooth is ON, another in-rangeBluetooth electronic device should beable to detect the existence of thesystem.3-80

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev EFigure 58: Port Configuration – BluetoothRefer to Figure 58 for the steps below:14. Select Bluetooth as the Connection Type.15. Under COM Port Settings, select the appropriateCOM Port (refer to Figure 56, above).16. Click to connect to the SF-3050.17. Verify Bluetooth connectivity:View the Bluetooth LED on the SF-3050 frontpanel (refer to Table 12).3-81

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev ETable 12: Bluetooth Connectivity LED IndicationIcon Indicator Status DescriptionBluetoothOffBlue BlinkingBlueBluetooth offBluetooth on,no connectionBluetoothconnectedType [PING] in the Input Terminal and clickthe Send button. If properly connected, theresponse is [PING]BT(see Figure 59).Figure 59: Input Terminal – PING Command andResponse To use an input terminal to determinethe Bluetooth Virtual COM port on a PCand connect to the SF-3050 viaBluetooth, refer to the BTSET messagein the Sapphire Technical ReferenceManual and to the section “EstablishBluetooth via the Input Terminal” in theStarUtil 3000 User Guide.3-82

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev EAccessoriesOptional Data Cables1234Figure 60: SF-3050 Optional Data CablesTable 13: Optional Data CablesPositronic 9-Pin Male to USB 2.0 Host Receptacle, 6 ft(P/N 94-310271-3006LF)Positronic 9-Pin Male to Ethernet RJ45 Plug, 6 ft(P/N 94-310265-3006LF)Y-Cable, Positronic 9-Pin Male to USB 2.0 Device Plug& DB9S (RS-232/RS-422), 6 ft(P/N 94-310273-3006LF)Y-Cable, Positronic 9-Pin Male to Ethernet RJ45 Plug &DB9S (RS-232/1PPS), 6 ft(P/N 94-310272-3006LF) Refer to Table 5 for the list of supplied equipment.USB Host Cable (Option)P/N 94-310271-3006LF is an optional 6ft (1.83m)data cable fitted with a Positronic plug type and aUSB A receptacle type, used to connect as Host3-83

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev Edirectly to a USB 2.0 connector. The pin assignmentsare provided below. COM2 – USB is the only USB-compliant port. Refer to the section below, Unused pinsare commonly missing from cables. Thisis a typical cost-saving practice of cablemanufacturers.3-84

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev E Logging to USB Flash Drive via USBHost Cable, for setup and logginginstructions.Table 14: Optional USB Host Cable Pin AssignmentUSB Pins Signal Positronic Pins1 USB PWR 12 USB D- 83 USB D+ 74 GND/SHIELD 9PN: 94-310271-3006LFUSB AReceptacleFront ViewPin 1Pin 4USB1234123456789PositronicNavComReceiver786519243Figure 61: Optional USB Host Cable Pin AssignmentEthernet Cable (Option)09-00005-AP/N 94-310265-3006LF is an optional 6ft (1.83m)data cable fitted with a Positronic plug type and aEthernet RJ45 plug type, used to connect directly toan Ethernet connector. The pin assignments areprovided below. COM1 - LAN is the only Ethernet (LAN)compliant port. Refer to the section below, Direct EthernetConnection via Static IP Address, for setupinstructions.3-85

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev ETable 15: Optional Ethernet Cable Pin AssignmentEthernet Pins Signal Positronic Pins1 TX+ 62 TX- 73 RX+ 26 RX- 1RJ45 PlugFront ViewPin 1RJ4512345678PN: 94-310265-3006LF123456789PositronicNavComReceiver09-00006-A786519243Figure 62: Optional Ethernet Cable Pin AssignmentUSB Device/RS-232/RS-422 Y-Cable (Option)P/N 94-310273-3006LF is an optional 6ft (1.83m)Y-cable fitted with a Positronic plug type on one end.A USB A plug type and a DB9S female RS-232/RS-422 connector are fitted on the ends of theY-cable. It is used to connect as Device directly to aUSB 2.0 connector or to a DB9S male connector. Thepin assignments are provided below. COM2 - USB is the only USB compliant port.3-86

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev ETable 16: Optional USB Device/RS-232/RS-422Y-Cable Pin AssignmentSignal USB Pins Positronic Pins DB9S PinsUSB Power 1 12COM2 RXD+ 3 8COM2 RXD- 4 3COM2 TXD- 5 2COM2 TXD+ 6 7USB D+ 3 7USB D- 2 8GND/Shield 4 9 5PN: 94-310273-3006LFUSB A PlugFront ViewPin 4Pin 1USB1234Positronic123456789DB9S123456789DB9SFront View958437 26109-00008-A786519243Positronic ConnectorFront ViewFigure 63: Optional USB Device/RS-232/RS-422Y-Cable Pin Assignment3-87

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev EEthernet/RS-232/1PPS Y-Cable (Option)P/N 94-310272-3006LF is an optional 6ft (1.83m)Y-cable fitted with a Positronic plug type on one end.An Ethernet RJ45 plug type and a DB9S femaleRS-232 connector are fitted on the ends of theY-cable. It is used to connect directly to an Ethernetconnector or to a DB9S male connector. The pinassignments are provided below. COM1 - LAN is the only Ethernet (LAN)compliant port. Refer to the section below, Direct EthernetConnection via Static IP Address, for setupinstructions.Table 17: Optional Ethernet (LAN)/RS-232/1PPSY-Cable Pin AssignmentSignal Ethernet Pins Positronic Pins DB9S PinsRX- 6 1RX+ 3 21PPS 3 8COM1 RXD 4 3COM1 TXD 5 2TX+ 1 6TX- 2 78GND 9 53-88

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev EPN: 94-310272-3006LFRJ45 PlugFront ViewPin 1RJ4512345678Positronic123456789DB9S123456789DB9SFront View987654321786519243Positronic ConnectorFront View09-00007-AFigure 64: Optional Ethernet/RS-232/1PPS Y-CablePin Assignment Unused pins are commonly missing fromcables. This is a typical cost-savingpractice of cable manufacturers.3-89

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev ELogging to USB Flash Drive via USB Host Cable Refer to the Sapphire Technical ReferenceManual for details on the commands used inthis section (see Related Documents in the forematter). The [LOGFILE] command used in thisprocedure does not work with USB flashdrives that have a write-protectedprimary partition. The partition will notmount properly. The most commonexamples of this are drives with U3software installed. In order to log usingthese drives, this partition must beremoved. Reformatting the drive is notsufficient. According to the U3 web site:“Most U3 smart drives come with an uninstallutility that converts the U3 smart drive into aregular USB flash drive. This utility can beaccessed from the U3 Launchpad. Open theU3 Launchpad and click on Settings, thenselect U3 Launchpad Settings and click onthe Uninstall tab. Some devices have a link tothe Uninstall utility under Help and Support.” The [LOGFILE] command requires that at least10% of the drive be free before it beginslogging, and it automatically stops logging whenfree space drops below 1 MByte. To view the directory structure and logged files,the USB drive must be dismounted and movedto a PC.To connect as Host directly to a USB flash driverequires the following:3-90

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev E StarUtil 3000: NavCom‟s Windows basedcontrol program, included on the supplied USBFlash Drive (P/N 82-043000-0001). It is alsoavailable on NavCom‟s Web site or viaCustomer Support. Supplied Positronic 9-Pin Male to DB9S DataCable (P/N 94-310260-3006LF) Positronic 9-Pin Male to USB 2.0 Host ReceptacleData Cable (P/N 94-310271-3006LF). This cableis not supplied with the SF-3050. The USB Host Data Cable is available via aNavCom authorized representative, or bycontacting the NavCom Sales Department. Refer to the section above, USB Host Cable(Option), for a detailed description of the cable.SetupThe SF-3050 must be configured in USB Host Modeto log data to a USB flash drive.1. Connect the Positronic connector of the suppliedDB9S cable (P/N 94-310260-3006LF) toCOM1 - LAN of the SF-3050. Connect the DB9Send to the computer.2. Connect the Positronic connector of the USB Hostcable (P/N 94-310271-3006LF) to COM 2 - USBof the SF-3050. Plug a USB flash drive into theUSB Host end of the cable.3. Open StarUtil 3000 on the PC.4. Locate the Input Terminal window on the bottomright.5. Type the command [USBMODE] in the field at thebottom of the window (see Figure 65).3-91

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev EFigure 65: Input Terminal – USBMODE6. Click the Send button. The receiver returns thecurrent USB Mode, Device or Host.7. If the SF-3050 is not in USB Host Mode, type thecommand [USBMODE]host.8. Click the Send button.9. Type the command [USBMODE] to verify that thereceiver is in USB Host Mode. Click the Sendbutton. The receiver returns Host as the currentUSB Mode.Data LoggingTo log data to the USB flash drive, the messages tobe logged are first scheduled on a special port, fh1.“fh” means “file handler”. The command [OUTPUT] isused to schedule the messages.1. Open StarUtil 3000, if not already open.2. Schedule a message to be logged:a. Type the appropriate [OUTPUT] commandstring in the field at the bottom of the InputTerminal window:[OUTPUT](message), (timing), (interval), fh1For example, to output PVT1B at 10Hz, thecommand is:[OUTPUT]PVT1B, ontime, 0.1, fh1b. Click the Send button.3. Repeat Step 2 to schedule all necessarymessages.3-92

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev E To simplify this process, a profile can beconfigured to begin and end data loggingto the USB flash drive.4. Type the command „[LOGFILE]start‟.5. Click the Send button to start logging thescheduled messages. Messages are logged in.dat format to the USB flash drive. If an error message appears, it may be relatedto the compatibility of the USB flash drive.Contact NavCom Customer Support:http://www.navcomtech.com/Contact/ContactSupport.cfm The logging commands are: [LOGFILE]start,[LOGFILE]stop, [LOGFILE]pause,[LOGFILE]resume, [LOGFILE]forcestart, and[LOGFILE] (returns current logging status). Afterpower cycle, the file logging is in Stoppedstatus. For detailed instructions on logging data to theSF-3050 internal memory device via an InputTerminal, see Appendix C of the SapphireTechnical Reference Manual. To avoid file system corruption on theUSB flash drive, always stop file loggingbefore removing the drive.Direct Ethernet Connection via Static IP Address The SF-3050 supports both UDP andTCP connections. This section providesonly the basic configuration for a directEthernet connection between the SF-3050 and a PC. Refer to Chapter 2 of3-93

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev Ethe StarUtil 3000 User Guide for detailedinstructions on configuring andestablishing Ethernet communications.Ethernet cables are not supplied with the SF-3050.These cables are available via a NavCom authorizedrepresentative, or by contacting the NavCom SalesDepartment:3-94

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev E Positronic 9-Pin Male to Ethernet RJ45 Plug(P/N 94-310265-3006LF). This cable is used inthe setup described below. Y-Cable, Positronic 9-Pin Male to Ethernet RJ45Plug & DB9S (RS-232/1PPS) (P/N 94-310272-3006LF) Refer to the sections above, Ethernet Cable(Option) and Ethernet/RS-232/1PPS Y-Cable(Option), for detailed descriptions of the cables.SetupThis setup uses the factory default IP address of theSF-3050:192.168.0.2,255.255.255.0,0.0.0.0IP Address Network Mask GatewayThe PC IP address is set manually in Windows.1. Connect the Positronic 9-Pin connector of theEthernet cable (P/N 94-310265-3006LF) toCOM1 - LAN of the SF-3050. Connect the RJ45plug end to the computer.2. In Windows, right-click My Network Places andselect Properties from the pop-up menu. TheNetwork Connections window opens.3. Right-click Local Area Connection (or theequivalent) and click Properties from the pop-upmenu. The Local Area Connection window opens.4. Click on Internet Protocol (TCP/IP). See Figure 66.3-95

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev EFigure 66: Local Area Connection Window5. Click the Properties button. The Internet Protocolwindow opens.6. Select the option, Use the following IP address(see Figure 67).Figure 67: Internet Protocol Window7. Enter the IP address for the PC. In this case, enter192.168.0.1003-96

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev E The first part of the IP address, 192.168.0, isthe same for both the SF-3050 and the PC.The last part of the IP address must beunique for every device. In this case, it is100 for the PC.8. Press the Tab button on the keyboard. The Subnetmask is automatically populated.9. Click the OK button in this window and also in theLocal Area Connection window.10. Continue to the next section for connectioninstructions.Connect SF-3050 to PC1. Open StarUtil 3000 on the PC.2. Click the Connections button to establishcommunications between the PC and theSF-3050. The Port Configuration dialog boxopens.Refer to Figure 68 for the steps below:3. Select Ethernet as the Connection Type. Do not change the default EthernetSettings: 192.168.0.2 is the factorydefault IP address of the SF-3050. Thedefault virtual COM port is 4361.3-97

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev EFigure 68: Ethernet Port Configuration4. Click the Connect button.5. Verify that the SF-3050 is connected to the PC.Messages scrolling in the Communication windowindicate that the connection is established (seeFigure 5). If an Ethernet connection is notestablished, use StarUtil 3000 to verifythe IP address of the SF-3050. A serialconnection must be used to determinethe receiver‟s IP address.EventThe SF-3050 accepts an event input pulse tosynchronize external incidents requiring preciseGNSS time tagging, such as aerial photography. For3-98

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev Eexample, the action of a camera‟s shutter creates aninput pulse to the Event port. The SF-3050M outputsposition and time information relative to each eventreceived.The Event is input on Pin 3 of the 9-pin malePositronic connector power port on the rear of thesensor (refer to Table 7).Specifications:Selectable Input Voltage, 5V or 12VMinimum pulse width, 100nS Rising or Falling edge Synchronization Detailed specifications of the Event Input, cablewiring, and configuration may be found inAppendix D of this User Guide.1 PPSA pulse is available from the SF-3050 at an outputrate of once per second. This pulse can be used for avariety of Time/ Mark applications where relativetiming is required.Specifications:25ns relative accuracyBetter than 100ns absolute accuracy5V TTL Logic level output1 PPS Output Impedance > 50 OhmsPulse width, default 1mSPulse delay, default 0mSRising or Falling Edge Synchronization3-99

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev EIndicator PanelFigure 69: SF-3050 Indicator PanelThe indicator panel provides a quick status view ofthe GNSS navigation/operating mode, StarFire signalstrength, the On/Off (I/O) switch, data I/O andlogging, and Bluetooth connectivity, respectively.To power the unit on or off, depress the I/O switch formore than 2 seconds. All LEDs illuminate for a periodof 3-5 seconds during power-up of the GNSS sensor. In this chapter, refer to the section, ProperShutdown of SF-3050, for details on poweringoff the unit.• GNSS LEDsTable 18: GNSS LED IndicationIcon Indicator Status DescriptionPower/GNSSOffRedGreenBlinkingGreenPower offPower on but nottrackingAcquiring or trackingGNSS satellites (noposition fix yet)Using GNSSsatellites (positionfix)3-100

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev E• StarFire Link LEDsTable 19: StarFire Link LED IndicationIcon Indicator Status DescriptionStarFireLinkRedRedBlinkingGreenBlinkingGreenNo StarFire signalNo StarFire License(or expired)Acquiring StarFiresignalTracking StarFiresignal• Data I/O Active LEDsTable 20: Data I/O Active LED IndicationIcon Indicator Status DescriptionDataOffGreenBlinkingGreenData I/O inactiveData I/O activeLogging data tointernal memory The LEDs do not indicate the status of DataI/O via Ethernet or USB connections.• Bluetooth Connectivity LEDsRefer to Table 12..3-101

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev DChapter 4 ................................. InstallationThis chapter provides guidance on hardwareinstallation for optimum performance.AntennaeThe 5/8 inch BSW threaded antenna mount has adepth of 16mm (0.63 inch).It is possible to remove the 5/8 inch BSW threadedalloy insert to reveal a secondary means of mountingthe antenna, a 1-14UNS-2B thread with a depth of16mm (0.63 inch). This is a typical marine industrymount for navigation antennas. The BSW insert is secured in-place withan adhesive, and its removal will changethe shock and vibration sustainabilitycharacteristics of the antenna mount.Figure 70: Rover, Base, Airborne GNSS Antennae(see Table 6 for P/Ns) Do not loosen or remove the Phillipsscrews on the base of the antenna formounting purposes. This will VOID thewarranty and compromise the4-103

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev Eenvironmental seal of the antenna,leading to internal damage. Antenna placement is critical to good systemperformance. Avoid antenna shading by buildings,rooftop structures, foliage, hills/mountains, etc. Locate the antenna where it has a clear view ofthe sky, to an elevation angle of 7º if possible.Obstructions below 15º elevation generally arenot a problem, though this is dependent onsatellite availability for the local region. Avoid placing the antenna where more than 90ºazimuth of the sky is obstructed. When more than90º of azimuth is shaded, it is often still possiblefor the reciever to navigate; however, poorsatellite geometry (due to satellite shading) willprovide poor positioning results. Even 10º ofshading can have a negative effect onperformance, though this generally is not thecase. Avoid placing the antenna on or near metal orother electrically reflective surfaces. Do not paint the antenna enclosure with ametallic-based paint. Avoid placing the antenna near electrical motors(elevator, air conditioner, compressor, etc.) Do not place the antenna too close to other activeantennas. The wavelength of L5 is 0.255m andG1 is 0.187m. The minimum acceptableseparation between antennas is 1m (39 in), whichprovides 5.9dB of isolation. For 10 dB of isolation,separate the GNSS antennas by 2.55m, and for13dB of isolation (recommended) separate theantennas by 5.1m. Active antennas (those with LNA‟s or amplifiers)create an electrical field around the antenna.4-104

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev EThese radiated emissions can interfere with othernearby antennas. Multiple GNSS antennas inclose proximity to each other can create multipathand oscillations between the antennas. These addto position error or the inability to process thesatellite signals. Most antenna‟s have better gain when the satelliteis high in elevation. Expect tracking performanceto fade as the satellite lowers in elevation. It is notunusual to see 10dB difference in antenna gain(which translates into signal strength) throughoutthe entire elevation tracking path. Map obstructions above the horizon using acompass and inclinometer. Use satellite predictionsoftware with a recent satellite almanac to assessthe impact on satellite visibility at that location(available on NavCom‟s web site). A clear line of sight between the antenna and thelocal INMARSAT satellite is required to track theStarFire signal. INMARSAT satellites are geosynchronized35,768kms above the Equator,currently at Longitudes 15.5 West, 97.65 West,142 West, 025 East, 109 East, and178 East. An inclination and bearing estimationtool is available on NavCom‟s website to aid indetermining potential obstructions to StarFiresignal.GNSS SensorMount the SF-3050 GNSS sensor on a flat surface.Shock isolators suitable for 0.50kg (1.1 lbs) may benecessary for environments with high vibration, i.e.,earth-moving equipment or aircraft.4-105

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev EDo not place the sensor in a confined space or whereit may be exposed to excessive heat, moisture, orhumidity. MED Compass Safe Distance: TheSF-3050 receiver may not be installedcloser than 250mm to the ship‟scompass.The SF-3050 can be installed in a backpack formobile surveying applications. There are no user serviceable partsinside the SF-3050 GNSS sensor.Removing the screws that secure thefront end and rear end plates will voidthe equipment warranty.4.24"[108mm]4.60" [117mm]2.37"[60mm]6.47" [164mm]09-00012-AFigure 71: SF-3050 Base Plate Dimensions WithoutMounting Brackets4-106

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev E0.41"[10mm]0.16"[4.0mm]4.81" [122mm]5.70" [145mm]6.52" [166mm]2.46"[62mm]5.78" [147mm]6.47" [164mm]09-00011-AFigure 72: SF-3050 Base Plate Dimensions withMounting BracketsCommunication Port ConnectivityThere is no default control port or data port on thereceiver. COM1 - LAN is the only Ethernet (LAN)compliant port. COM2 - USB is the only USBcompliant port.Establish communications via Bluetooth or a datacable: Setup Bluetooth communications via either thesupplied StarUtil 3000 utility or a third partysoftware/utility. Connect the Positronic 9-Pin connector of thesupplied DB9S cable (P/N 94-310260-3006LF) toCOM1 - LAN (RS-232/1PPS) or COM2 - USB(RS-232/RS-422) of the SF-3050. Connect theDB9S end to the control device. Connect the Positronic 9-Pin connector of thesupplied USB 2.0 Device cable (P/N 94-310266-4-107

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev E3006LF) to COM2 - USB of the SF-3050. Connectthe USB plug end to the control device. Figure 73 shows a common configuration withthe control device connected to COM1 - LANand an auxiliary device connected toCOM2 - USB for data logging. Some devices may require an additionaladapter. The optional interface data cablessupport USB 2.0 Device and Host, Ethernet,and RS-232 and RS-422 (refer to Table 13).The receiver is configured as a DCE device.Figure 73: Communication Port Connections4-108

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev EGNSS Antenna ConnectorThe connector used on the SF-3050 is a TNC female,labeled ANT on the rear panel of the sensor asshown in Figure 47. The GNSS antenna connector provides+5V 0.5V at 100mA. Do not disconnectthe antenna when the GNSS unit ispowered on.The system is supplied with 12ft (3.6m) of RG58/Ucable (P/N 94-310261-3012LF). The cable is fittedwith two straight male TNC connectors.The cable length between the antenna and SF-3050should not exceed 7dB loss at 1.575GHz for optimumperformance, though the system may tolerate up to10dB of cable loss with minimal performance. Lowerelevation satellite tracking suffers the most with morethan 7dB insertion loss.CableTypeTable 21: Acceptable Cable LengthsAtten.(dB) per100 Ft.CableLengthin FeetLossin dBAtten.(dB)per100 mCableLengthinMetersLossin dBRG-58C 19.605 36.00 7.06 64.32 11.00 7.08RG-142 16.494 43.00 7.09 54.12 13.00 7.04RG-213 9.564 74.00 7.08 31.38 22.50 7.06RG-223 17.224 41.00 7.06 56.51 12.50 7.06LMR600 3.407 207.00 7.05 11.18 63.00 7.04LMR400 5.262 133.00 7.00 17.26 41.00 7.08LMR240 10.127 70.00 7.09 33.23 21.00 6.98LMR195 14.902 47.00 7.00 48.89 14.00 6.85In-line amplifiers suitable for all GNSS frequenciesmay be used to increase the length of the antennacable, but care should be exercised that trackingperformance is not degraded due to multiple4-109

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev Econnections, noise from the amplifier, and possibleingress of moisture and dust to the in-line amplifier.In-line amplifier or splitter devices must pass DCpower from the receiver to the antenna, or source theappropriate voltage and current to the antenna (seeAntenna Specifications). In-line amplifiers may alsoover-saturate the receiver front-end if improperlyused. The antenna cable can degrade signalquality if incorrectly installed, or the cableloss exceeds NavCom specifications. Takecare not to kink, stretch, distort, or damagethe antenna cable. Do not place the cableadjacent to cables carrying electrical poweror radio frequencies. In these instances,attempt to cross cables at 90º angles in aneffort to reduce cross-coupling of RFsignals.Where the GNSS antenna is exposedto sources of electromagneticdischarge such as lightning, install aproperly grounded in-line electricalsurge suppressor between the GNSSsensor and antenna. Install protectivedevices in compliance with localregulatory codes and practices.Protective devices must pass DCpower from the receiver to theantenna.4-110

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev EBasics of RTK SurveyingRTK (Real-Time Kinematic) is a GNSS system thatyields very accurate 3D position fixes immediately inreal-time.A reference station (base station) transmits its GNSSposition to roving receivers as the base receivergenerates them. The roving receivers use thereference station readings to differentially correct theirown positions. Accuracies of a few centimeters in allthree dimensions are possible. RTK requiresmulti-frequency GNSS receivers and high speedradio modems.Proper setup of a reference station minimizes GNSSerrors in the rover. The reference GNSS sensor is setup at a known surveyed location. With this positionlocked in, it transmits its code, clock, and referencestation coordinate information to the roving sensor(s).The roving sensor(s) uses this information to correcteach GNSS measurement it receives.The SF-3050S, when configured as a referencestation, can transmit corrections to any number ofroving receivers capable of picking up the radio signaland decoding one of these correction formats:NavCom proprietary, RTCM 2.3/3.1 for NetworkRTK 1 , CMR, or CMR+. The signal can be received inless than ideal environments, though some data lossmay occur.Setup of the reference station sensor above the rovingsensors is recommended to enable transmission to allrovers in all directions with minimal obstruction. Highfrequency radio signals generally travel a shorterdistance than lower frequency signals, and do notpenetrate obstructions as well over distance. Figure 741 Network RTK is not supported in software version 1.0.4-111

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev Eand Figure 75 illustrate proper and improper RTKreference station installation.Figure 74: RTK Setup – Good Line of SightFigure 75: RTK Setup – Poor Line of Sight4-112

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev E Refer to Chapter 8, RTK Setup, in theStarUtil 3000 User Guide for detailedinstructions.4-113

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SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev DChapter 5 ............................... ConfigurationThe SF-3050 has a rich interface and detailed controllanguage, allowing each unit to be individuallyprogrammed to a specific application.There are essentially three methods available toconfigure and control the SF-3050:StarUtil 3000 – This program is a NavComdevelopedutility designed to configure and viewmany (but not all) of the SF-3050 functions. Inaddition to its setup capabilities, StarUtil 3000 cancapture and log data, upload new software andlicenses to the internal processor, and query anddisplay various receiver performance functions.Though it is developed as an Engineering tool, ithas its own place in the commercial market aswell. The program is provided on the SF-3050Product USB Flash Drive.3 rd party controller – Some manufacturers havealready integrated NavCom‟s control features intheir bundled hardware and software solution kitsin a variety of applications including GIS,Machine Control, Aerial Photogrammetry, Land &Oceanographic Survey, Agriculture, and Militaryproducts. Information on these applications isavailable from the NavCom web site andcustomer service.User Program – Users may develop uniqueoperating programs to control the SF-3050(potentially in conjunction with other devices orutilities). To facilitate this effort, NavComprovides the Sapphire Technical ReferenceManual (TRM). Information on this tool isavailable from the NavCom web site andcustomer service.5-115

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev EThere is no default control port on the receiver. Wheneither port is connected to control software, such asStarUtil 3000, that port becomes the control port.• COM1 - LANConfiguration – Control or Data PortRate – RS-232: 9.6 to 115.2kbpsEthernet: 10 to 100MbpsThis port is normally used to input and outputproprietary messages used for navigation andreceiver setup. Table 22 describes the defaultmessages needed to best initiate surveying withminimal effort.The user has full control over the utilized messagetypes and their associated rates via eitherStarUtil 3000 or a third party software/utility.• COM2 - USBConfiguration – Control or Data PortRate – RS-232/RS-422: 9.6 to 115.2kbpsUSB 2.0: 12MbpsThis port is normally used to output data to otherdevices or machines that can make immediate use ofthe precise positioning data available from theSF-3050. The data port outputs NCT BinaryMessages and NMEA Messages, and when applyingexternal dGNSS corrections, also serves as thedGNSS correction input port.• BLUETOOTH VIRTUAL COM PORTConfiguration – Control PortRate – 230.4kbpsThe PC‟s virtual COM port is used to input and outputproprietary messages used for navigation andreceiver setup. Table 22 describes the defaultmessages needed to best initiate surveying withminimal effort.5-116

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev E The user has full control over the utilizedmessage types and their associatedrates via eitherStarUtil 3000 or a third-partysoftware/utility.Factory Default Output Messages• NCT MessagesTable 22: Factory Default NCT Messages/ResponsesOutput on Ports COM1 and USB1Message Rate DescriptionALM1B On Change Satellite AlmanacCHNLSTATUS1BOn Time 1HzASIC & StarFire ChannelStatusEPHEM1B On Change Satellite EphemerisMEAS1BMSGPRODUCTINFOOn Time 1HzOn Time 600 SecRaw Satellite MeasurementDataProduct Type, Digital SerialNumber, and SystemRevision NumberMSGVERSION On Time 600 Sec Firmware Identification BlockPVT1BOn Time 1HzPANICA On Change Factory UseOutput on All PortsPosition, Velocity, and Time(PVT) SolutionMessage Rate DescriptionOK (mnemonic)?? (mnemonic){argument error}On ChangeOn ChangePANICA On Change Factory UseAck (“Acknowledged”).Ack indicates a successfulinput message operation.Nak (“Not Acknowledged”).NAK indicates a failure inexecuting a command.5-117

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev E These settings indicate the following:On Change: The receiver outputs thespecified message at the highest rate thesystem can output. The rate must bepurchased. For example, if the receiverhas a purchased rate of 25 Hz, themessages set at On Change are output at25 Hz. (This rate applies only to MEAS1Band PVT1B.) Some messages, likesatellite almanac, are output after anupdate is received over the air.On Time: The receiver outputs thespecified message at a rate thepurchased rate. For example, if thereceiver has a purchased rate of 25 Hz, amessage may be set at a lower output rate,such as On Time, 10 Hz, or 0.1 seconds.Message DescriptionsThe following message descriptions are fully definedin the Sapphire Technical Reference Manual (seeRelated Documents in the fore-matter). ALM1B Packed Almanac:Data corresponding to each satellite in the GPSconstellation, including: GPS Week number ofcollected almanac, GPS Time of week [inseconds] of collected almanac, almanac referenceweek, almanac reference time, almanac source,almanac health, pages 1-25, and sub-frames 4and 5. Packed almanac data for 32 GPS or 24GLONASS satellites. CHNLSTATUS1B Channel Status:Receiver channel status information containing:Sapphire engine status, number of satellitesviewed/tracked, PDOP, tracked satellite identity,5-118

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev Esatellite elevation and azimuth, C/No for the tracksignals, and correction age for each satellite. EPHEM1B Packed Ephemeris:Individual satellite tracking information including:GPS Week number of collected ephemeris, GPSTime of week [in seconds] of collected ephemeris,IODC, and sub-frame 1, 2, and 3 data. Packedephemeris data for 32 GPS or 24 GLONASSsatellites. MEAS1B Raw Measurement Data:Raw Measurement Data Block containing: Rawmeasurements from satellites so measurementscan be post-processed to achieve precise pointpositions, the GPS Week, GPS Time of Week,Time Slew Indicator, Status, Channel Status, CAPseudorange, L1 Phase, P1-CA Pseudorange,P2-CA Pseudorange, L2 Phase, GPS L5,GLONASS G1 and G1 Code and Phase, andSBAS Code and Phase. This data stream isrepeated for each individual tracked satellite. MSGPRODUCTINFO Product Information:Product type, digital serial number, and systemrevision number (incremented at every hardwarechange). MSGVERSION Firmware Version:Version number, date and time stamp for therequested firmware component. PVT1B (Position, Velocity, and Time):Provides: GPS Week number, GNSS satellitesused, latitude, longitude, navigation mode, andDOP information. PANICA Alert Text Message:Details message receipt and processing.5-119

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev E• NMEA MessagesThe SF-3050 does not output NMEA messages bydefault. NMEA messages must be scheduled by theuser.• Base and Rover Navigation SetupNavCom‟s StarUtil 3000 provides Base and Roversetup capabilities. Refer to the StarUtil 3000 UserGuide for details. The guide is included on thesupplied SF-3050 Product Configuration USB FlashDrive and is also available on the NavCom web site.User ProfilesThe SF-3050 utilizes commands or groups ofcommands, known as User Profiles, to set the variousport assignments/parameters, navigation parameters,and output message lists. The SF-3050 provides forstorage of up to 20 user profiles. A file with commonlyused user profiles is included on the supplied USBflash drive. The SF-3050 provides for storage of up to 20 userprofiles. Profiles may also be stored on a PC.Each user profile is stored with a name. The userprofile extension is *.npt. StarUtil 3000, or another controller solution, isused to upload a user profile by its name. The SF-3050 may be initially configured with thefactory default user profile or a profile customizedfor the user by an authorized dealer. Predefined, commonly used profiles are includedon the supplied SF-3050 Product ConfigurationUSB Flash Drive or available by email.5-120

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev E To save the current configuration settings in thereceiver for future use, the user creates a profileand assigns it a name. The user may reset all of the usercontrolledconfiguration parameters tothe factory default values (see the nextsection, Profile NONE). A new profile sent to the receiver replaces thecurrently used profile, but it does not necessarilyreplace all of the current parameter settings.The new profile replaces only those parametersettings that it specifies.For example:The default navigation elevation mask is 7 .The user changes the elevation mask to 12 ina profile named “Test”. The user subsequentlysends profile “RTK” to the receiver. It replaces“Test” and changes navigation mode settingsand port assignments.But profile “RTK” does not specify a setting forthe navigation elevation mask. So, theelevation mask remains at 12 , as previouslyset by the “Test” profile. Refer to the Sapphire Technical ReferenceManual for detailed information on the[PROFILE] and [USEPROFILE] commands (seeRelated Documents in the fore-matter).Profile NONEThe command [USEPROFILE] NONE resets all of theuser-controlled configuration parameters to thefactory default values. The receiver‟s profile remainsset to NONE until another profile is successfully input.5-121

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev E The profile NONE is subject to change.Avoiding User Profile Loading ErrorsStarUtil 3000 v.1.0.0 and later scans user profilesbefore loading them to adjust port settings andreduce the likelihood of communication errors.Communication errors still occur, and this sectionaids in resolving common issues.As a user profile is loaded into the receiver, eachcommand line is acted upon as it is received. A profileloading error occurs if the communication linkbetween the PC and the receiver is broken before allcommand lines are received. To avoid this loadingerror, the best practice is to preview the control portbaud rate in a user profile before loading the profile.Refer to the StarUtil 3000 User Guide for detailedinstructions.Third-Party Controller Configuration SettingsRefer to the third-party controller solutionmanual/user guide if your SF-3050 GNSS sensor ispart of an integrated solution.Over the Air StarFire LicensingOver the Air (OTA) StarFire Licensing is the easiestway to install a StarFire license. The installation of apurchased license is accomplished via radiobroadcast. Over the Air StarFire Licensing isespecially convenient for receivers in remotelocations in the field.5-122

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev EThese are the requirements for obtaining a StarFirelicense: Valid Purchase Order Signed License Agreement Appropriate Credit Terms with NavComTechnology or an Authorized Dealer; including avalid P.O.NavCom recommends that customers process newStarFire license requests through an authorizeddealer or NavCom Sales 15 to 30 days before theexpiration of the current license.The customer selects the date and time in GMT forthe Over the Air broadcast of the StarFire License. The scheduled broadcast must occur at least 3business days after a valid P.O. is received byNavCom Sales. Specify broadcast date and time in GMT on theP.O. NavCom confirms the date & time of broadcastvia email.Over the Air BroadcastThe StarFire license is broadcast at the scheduledtime and 5 minutes later as a backup. To ensure reception, turn on the receiverbefore the specified broadcast time. Do notturn off the receiver until verifying that thelicense is saved. The receiver must be tracking StarFiresatellites at the broadcast times, though thereceiver is not required to be operating inStarFire mode during the broadcasts.5-123

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev EVerify License Is SavedThere are two ways to view StarFire license data toverify that the license is saved: StarUtil 3000 Sapphire Message SFLICENSEB (described inthe Sapphire Technical Reference Manual)(Refer to Related Documents in the fore-matter.)Verify this StarFire license data: The StarFire license is saved as one of theselicense types:Primary StarFire License: Currently activelicenseORSecondary (Backup) StarFire License:Inactive license that becomes active at theexpiration of the Primary StarFire license Duration of the saved license and the valid areasof operationFor special-case scenarios, customers may requestto receive the StarFire license via email to manuallyupload via StarUtil 3000. The request must bespecified in the P.O. The broadcast procedure for Over the AirStarFire Licensing is subject to change.Setting Up a StarFire Priority NetworkThe SF-3050 defaults to using the highest availablesatellite between both networks. If multiple receiversare used on one platform, the user may force one touse Net1 and the other to use Net2.5-124

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev E1. On the Input Terminal, type [SFNETPRIORITY] toview the current priority net settings.2. Perform one of the following:Type [SFNETPRIORITY]DEFAULT tocommand the system to automatically selectthe StarFire satellite with the highest elevationangle, regardless of Net1 or Net2, but subjectto authorized nets.Type [SFNETPRIORITY]NET1 1 to set Net1 asthe priority net, which commands the receiverto select the Net1 StarFire satellite with thehighest elevation angle.Type [SFNETPRIORITY]NET2 2 to set Net1as the priority net, which commands thereceiver to select the Net2 StarFire satellitewith the highest elevation angle. 1 If there are no visible Net1 satellites,or if the receiver is licensed as Net2only, the receiver will select the Net2StarFire satellite with the highestelevation angle. 2 If there are no visible Net2 satellites,or if the receiver is licensed as Net1only, the receiver will select the Net1satellite with the highest elevationangle. Refer to the Sapphire TechnicalReference Manual for detailedinformation on the [SFNETPRIORITY]command.5-125

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev EFailed SearchWhether from loss of reception or lack of initialacquisition, after a 5-minute failed search for aStarFire satellite, the receiver automatically searchesfor another available StarFire satellite.This functionality only applies to: Receivers licensed for both StarFire Net 1 andNet 2 Receivers only licensed for StarFire Net 1 inareas where signals from 2 StarFire satellitesoverlap and may be available.Reassignment of StarFire Network ListSatellites 609 and 643 have been reassigned toprovide improved reception. Satellite 609, which wasin Net1, is now in Net2, and satellite 643, which wasin Net2, is now in Net1 (see Table 23 and Table 24).Table 23: StarFire Satellites v.1.0.1.5 and EarlierNetwork Satellite ID LongitudeSatelliteNameUplink Site402 97.65W PAC-E LaurentidesNet 1 609 109E IND-E Auckland525 25E IND-W Burum358 142W PAC-C Santa PaulaNet 2 643 143.5E PAC-W Perth484 15.5W AOR-E SouthburyTable 24: StarFire Satellites v.2.0.15.0 and LaterNetwork Satellite ID LongitudeSatelliteNameUplink Site402 97.65W PAC-E LaurentidesNet 1 643 143.5E PAC-W Perth525 25E IND-W Burum358 142W PAC-C Santa PaulaNet 2 609 109E IND-E Auckland484 15.5W AOR-E Southbury5-126

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev DChapter 6 .....................Safety InstructionsThe SF-3050 GNSS sensor is designed for precisenavigation and positioning using the GlobalPositioning System, GLONASS, and is designed forGalileo when the constellation becomes commerciallyavailable. Users must be familiar with the use ofportable GNSS equipment, the limitations thereof andthese safety instructions prior to use of thisequipment.TransportAlways carry the NavCom equipment in either theoriginal packing material or packaging which providesprotection to the receiver and antenna against shockand vibration.Utilize all original packaging when transporting viarail, ship, or air.MaintenanceThe NavCom equipment may be cleaned using a newlint free cloth moistened with pure alcohol.Connectors must be inspected, and if necessarycleaned before use. Always use the providedconnector protective caps to minimize moisture anddirt ingress.Inspect cables regularly for kinks and cuts as thesemay cause interference and equipment failure.Damp equipment must be dried at a temperature lessthan +40 C (104 F), but greater than 5 C (41 F) atthe earliest opportunity.6-127

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev EExternal Power SourceEarly SF-3050 production units are supplied with anexternal power cable without a filter (P/N 94-310262-3010LF). Later SF-3050 production units are suppliedwith an external power cable with a filter(P/N 94-310274-3010LF)The power cable must be connected to the chosenexternal power solution in accordance with Chapter 3Interfacing/Electrical Power. It is important that theexternal power source allow sufficient current drawfor proper operation. Insufficient supplied current willcause damage to your external power source.If your chosen external power source is a disposablebattery, please dispose of the battery in accordancewith your local regulations.Safety FirstThe owner of this equipment must ensure that allusers are properly trained prior to using theequipment and are aware of the potential hazardsand how to avoid them.Other manufacturer‟s equipment must be used inaccordance with the safety instructions issued by thatmanufacturer. This includes other manufacturer‟sequipment that may be attached to NavComTechnology, Inc. manufactured equipment.Always use the equipment in accordance with localregulatory practices for safety and health at work.There are no user serviceable parts inside theSF-3050 GNSS sensor. Accessing the inside of theequipment will void the equipment warranty.6-128

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev ETake care to ensure the SF-3050 does not come intocontact with electrical power installations, the unit issecurely fastened and there is protection againstelectromagnetic discharge in accordance with localregulations.6-129

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SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev DA ................. GNSS Module SpecificationsThe technical specifications of this unit are detailedbelow. NavCom Technology, Inc. is constantlyimproving, and updating our technology. For thelatest technical specifications for all products go to:http://www.navcomtech.com/Support/This GNSS sensor is fitted with an internal Lithiumcell battery used to maintain GNSS time when poweris removed from the unit. This allows faster satelliteacquisition upon unit power up. The cell has beendesigned to meet over 5 years of service life beforerequiring replacement at a NavCom approvedmaintenance facility.FeaturesFull constellation coverage with up to 66 signalstracked simultaneously, plus the StarFire channelSBAS (WAAS, EGNOS, MSAS, GAGAN) trackingBuilt in StarFire receiver and demodulatorL1, L2, L2C, L5, G1, G2, E1, E5A (GPS/Galileo/GLONASS) code and full wavelength carrierphase trackingSoftware upgradeable for Galileo signal reception(E1, E5A) 1High sensitivity/low signal level trackingFast acquisition/re-acquisition 1 The SF-3050 is hardware-ready forGalileo. Software capability will follow ina later release.A-131

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev ESuperior interference suppression (both in-band& out-of-band)Patented multipath rejectionMinimal data latency 2 GB of internal memory 2 NavCom Ultra Compact RTK format, RTCM 2.3and 3.0 (code & carrier), and CMR/CMR+.Output NMEA 0183, NavCom Binary, NavComASCII formatsConfigurable as RTK base or roverMBRTKRTK ExtendHeadingProgrammable output ratesEvent Marker input1PPS OutputCommunications Ports: RS-232, RS-422,USB 2.0 (Device & Host), Bluetooth, andEthernetPerformanceSF-3050 performance is dependent on location,satellite geometry, atmospheric conditions, andGNSS correction.2 Not supported in version 1.0 softwareA-132

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev ETracking CharacteristicsThe SF-3050 engine has 67 signal channels with therequired flexibility to track all civilian GNSS and SBASsignals. The SF-3050 engine is also capable oftracking the code and carrier from all GNSS signals. L5 and G2 are not availablesimultaneously due to hardwareresource sharing. Select a signalaccording to these environmentalconsiderations:Shade: G2 provides the best results, thoughpositioning is less accurate in shade.Open Sky: L5 provides the bestpositioning accuracy. Refer to the TRACKINGMODEcommand in the Sapphire TechnicalReference Manual for details (seeRelated Documents in the fore-matter).A-133

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev ESignals TrackedNavigation & Public Correction SignalsServices include: GPS L1,Galileo E1, and SBAS(WAAS, EGNOS, MSAS,GAGAN); all at the samefrequency:Services include: GPS (L2,L2C); all at the samefrequency:Services include: GPS L5,Galileo E5A; all at the samefrequency:G1 services include:GLONASSG2 services include:GLONASSStarFire SignalsL-Band DifferentialCorrection:1575.42MHz, 16MHz1227.60MHz, 16MHzGPS: 1176.45MHz, 16MHzGalileo: 1176.45MHz, 12.5 MHz1603.00MHz, 6.5MHz1247.00MHz, 5MHz1525 to 1585MHzTracking of newer navigation satellite signals (L2C,L5, E1, and E5A) is subject to: The availability of the signals from newer satellites The "health bit" set to "healthy" The SF-3050 navigation software updated to aversion compatible with the signalsReceiver Noise Figure17.0dB +0.5dB @ 290º Kelvin; 1Hz RBWA-134

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev ETime-to-First-FixCold Start: < 60 seconds No valid Almanac orEphemeris dataavailableWarm Start: < 50 seconds Valid Almanacavailable (less thanone year old)Hot Start: < 20 seconds Valid Ephemerisavailable (less than4 hours old)Typical values measured per ION-STD 101Signal Reacquisition< 30 second loss: < 2 secondsDynamicsAcceleration:Speed:Altitude:1 Restricted by USA export lawsUp to 6g< 515m/s 1 (1,000 knots)< 18.3km 1 (60,000 ft)Measurement PerformanceMeasurement Precision (RMS)Raw C/A code:Raw Carrier PhaseNoise:7.50cmL1: 0.7mmL2: 0.9mmRTK Positioning – Multi-Frequency

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev ERTK Positioning – Single-Frequency < 5kms (RMS)Position (H):Position (V):RTK Extend (see note below)Position (H):Position (V):RTK FloatPosition (H):Position (V):RTG (single)Position (H):Position (V):StarFire (multi)Position (H):Position (V):+ 1cm +0.5ppm+ 2cm +1ppm+ 3cm +1ppm+ 6cm +2ppm+ 20cm +3ppm+ 40cm +3ppm+ 50cm+ 100cmCode Differential GPS

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev Etiming errors, and augmentation correctionmessages. Equipment operated on a singlefrequency(i.e., L1/G1) is more susceptible toatmospheric and solar storm activity than multifrequencyoperated equipment. RTK Extend is a purchased software option thatuses StarFire to provide continuous RTKpositioning during non-reception of RTKcorrections. When a StarFire-enabled receiverwith RTK Extend falls out of RTK mode, thesystem automatically transitions to RTK Extendmode. Positioning is maintained because of theclose correlation in phase measurementcorrections between RTK and StarFire.Depending on how long the RTK base stationhas been running and is StarFire fixed, theduration of RTK Extend is limited to:2 to 15 minutes for an NCT base station2 to 10 minutes for a non-NCT base stationThe correlation between RTK and StarFirephase measurement corrections decreasesover time, until the system automaticallytransitions out of RTK Extend mode to the nextavailable dGPS mode.This option is only required on the Roverreceiver. If a Base receiver may be used as aRover at a future date, it should be optioned forRTK Extend as well.Refer to the StarUtil 3000 User Guide, Chapter5, for more information on RTK Extend.Pull-in TimesRTG (StarFire) Single:RTG (StarFire) Dual:Immediate45 minutes, typicalA-137

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev EUser-Programmable Output RatesRatePosition, Velocity, and TimeSF-3050 BundlesA G S M1, 5*Hz Std Std Std Std10Hz Opt Opt Opt Std25*Hz Opt Opt Opt Std50, 100Hz Opt Opt Opt OptRaw Data1, 5*Hz Std Std Std Std10Hz Opt Opt Opt Std25*Hz Opt Opt Opt Std50, 100Hz Opt Opt Opt Opt *5 Hz is the default PVT and Raw Data Rate forsoftware bundles A, G, and S. 25 Hz is thedefault PVT and Raw Data Rate for Bundle M.Data Latency and MemoryPVT:Raw Data:< 10 ms< 10 msInternal Memory 1 2 GB1 Not available for v1.0 software1PPSAccuracy:PulseWidth:+13 ns (Relative; User Configurable)user defined from 25 to 1600000 nS inclusive;1000000 defaultA-138

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev EConnector AssignmentsANT:COM 1 – LAN:(connector:FR11MP922LM0/AApin: MC422N/AA)COM 2 – USB:(connect same asCOM1)POWER:(connector:FR11FP922LM0/AA;pin: FC422N6/AA).BLUETOOTH:TNC (female)RF Input, RF GroundPositronic (female)RS-232, from 9.6 to 115.2 kbpsEthernet, from 10 to 100 Mbps1PPSPositronic (female)RS-232/RS-422, from 9.6 to 115.2kbps USB 2.0, 12 Mbps max data ratePositronic (male)Power port, from 9 to 32 VDC, 6 Wtypical, Power Input 1,2; Power Ground1PPS / Event Marker1 Serial Port Service, 230.4 kbps10 m (32 ft) range By default, the two female Positronic ports areavailable for command inputs and datainput/output. Refer to Chapter 3, Interfacing, for I/Oconnector pin assignments.Input/Output Data MessagesControlCommands(Input Only):DifferentialCorrection (I/O):RTK CorrectionData (I/O):NMEA-0183Messages(Output Only):NavCom proprietary commands (referto TRM)RTCM 2.3 and 3.0, RTCM types 1, 3,and 9, SBAS (WAAS/EGNOS/ MSAS/GAGAN), and StarFireCMR/CMR+, RTCM types 3, 18-22, and1001-1012, 1019-1020, 1033; NCTtypes 0x5B, 0x5C, and 0x5E (hex)ALM, MLA, GBS, GGA, GLL, GRS,GSA, GST, GSV, HDT, RMC, RRE,ROT, VTG, ZDAA-139

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev E See Related Standards at the front ofthis manual for information on thevarious data formats.Satellite-Based Augmentation System SignalsPubliclybroadcastservices:Privatesubscriptionservice:SBAS (WAAS/EGNOS/MSAS/GAGAN)StarFirePhysical and EnvironmentalSize (L x W x H):Weight:External Power:Input Voltage:Output Voltage:Temperature (ambient)Operating:Storage:Humidity:Vibration:Shock:Ingress Protection:Marine Equipment:Without Mounting Brackets:164 x 117 x 60mm(6.47 x 4.60 x 2.37in)With Mounting Brackets:164 x 166 x 62mm(6.47 x 6.52 x 2.46in)1.1 lbs (0.50 kg)9 to 32VDC, 6W typical+5V 0.5V (up to 100mAavailable for antenna bias via RFconnector)-40ºC to +70ºC (-40º to +158º F)-40ºC to +85ºC (-40º to +185º F)95% Non-CondensingMIL-STD-810FMethod 514.5MIL-STD-810FMethod 516.5IP67*Marine Equipment DirectiveA-140

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev E(MED) 96/98/ECMED Compass Safe250mmDistance:* Compliant only when cables are connectedLED Display FunctionsGNSSStarFireData I/OBluetoothAcquiring/Tracking GNSS SatellitesVerifying StarFire LicenseAcquiring/Tracking StarFire SatellitesData I/O ActivityBluetooth ConnectivityA-141

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SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev DB ........................... Antenna SpecificationsTable 25: Rover, Base, and Airborne GNSS AntennaPart NumbersFrequency(Frequency isdependent on softwarebundle options.)Phase Centre(see Figure 76)PolarizationPre–AmplifierNoise FigureImpedanceVSWR / RLBand RejectionRF Power HandlingInput VoltagePower ConsumptionVibration*Rover: 82-001020-3001LFBase: 82-001021-3001LFAirborne: 82-001022-3001LFGPS L1: 1575.42MHz, 16MHzGPS L2: 1227.60MHz, 16MHzGPS L2C: 1227.60MHz, 16MHzGPS L5: 1176.45MHz, 16MHzStarFire L-Band: 1525 -1585 MHzGLONASS G1: 1603.00MHz, 6.5MHzGLONASS G2: 1247.00MHz, 5MHzGalileo E1: 1575.42MHz, 16MHzGalileo E5A: 1176.45MHz, 12.5 MHzGPS L1: 66mm (2.60in)GPS L2: 65mm (2.56in)Right Hand Circular (RHCP)39dB gain (+/-2dB)2.6dB max50 Ohms2.0:1 (14dB return loss)20dB @ 250MHz1 Watt4.2 to 15.0 VDC0.3W 46mA typical, 50mA max @ 5VDCRTCA D0-160 E, Section 8, Curve DImmersion MIL-STD-810F, Method 512.4*Does not apply to the Base antennaTable continued on next page…B-143

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev ECable ConnectorAntenna OperatingTemperatureTNC Female-55 C to +85 CAltitude 70,000ft; 21,336mRover/AirborneAntenna FinishFluid resistant Ultem, UV stable Designed to DO-160D Standard NavCom P/N 82-001022-3001LF is the aircraftmount antenna, also rated to 70,000 feet(21,336m), and is TSO-C144 certified.Figure 76: Rover GNSS Antenna Offset Figure 76 is a drawing of the label on theRover GNSS antenna (P/N 82-001020-3001LF). The phase centre provided isbased on NGS test results. NGS doesnot currently provide GLONASScalibrated values.B-144

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev EFigure 77: Rover (P/N 82-001020-3001) AntennaDimensions To achieve the greatest level of accuracy,the absolute phase center values must beincorporated into your processing. Phasecenter information on this antenna is foundon our web site:http://www.navcomtech.com/Support/DownloadCenter.cfm?category=antennaB-145

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev EFigure 78: Airborne (P/N 82-001022-3001LF) AntennaDimensionsB-146

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev ERover/Airborne Antennae Radiation PatternFigure 79: Rover/Airborne GNSS Antenna RadiationPatternOptimal antenna performance is realized atelevations greater than 25º. There is a 10dB variation between 0º and 90ºelevation (factor 10x); therefore, lowerelevation satellites are always more difficult totrack. There is a 5dB variation between ~35º and 0ºelevation (factor >3x)B-147

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev EFigure 80: Base (P/N 82-001021-3001LF) AntennaDimensionsB-148

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev EBase Antenna Radiation PatternFigure 81: Base GNSS Antenna Radiation PatternOptimal antenna performance is realized atelevations greater than 35º.There is an 11dB variation between 15º and90º elevation (factor >10x); therefore, lowerelevation satellites are always more difficult totrack. There is a 9dB variation between ~35º and 0ºelevation (factor >8x)B-149

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev ETable 26: 82-001017-0001LF Single-Frequency AntennaFrequencyPolarizationPre–AmplifierNoise FigureFilter RejectionImpedanceVSWR / RLBand Rejection1525-1660 MHzGPS L1, GLONASS G1plus StarFireRight Hand Circular (RHCP)35dB gain (+/-1.2dB)30g‟sB-150

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev EDesigned toFAA TSO-C144, DO-160D,D0-228, MIL-C-5541, MIL-E-5400, MIL-I-45208A, MIL-STD-810, AND SAE J1455Figure 82: PN: 82-001017-0001LF Antenna Dimensions To achieve the greatest level of accuracy,the absolute phase center values must beincorporated into the processing. Phasecenter information on this antenna isfound in Table 26 above.B-151

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev ERadiation PatternFigure 83: 82-001017-0001LF Radiation PatternOptimal antenna performance is realized atelevations greater than 30º. There is a 10dB variation between 0º and 90ºelevation (factor 10x); therefore, lowerelevation satellites are always more difficult totrack. There is a 5dB variation between ~35º and 0ºelevation (factor >3x)B-152

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev EC .................................................... StarFireDescriptionThe StarFire Network is a global system for thedistribution of SBAS corrections giving the user theability to measure their position anywhere in the worldwith exceptional reliability and unprecedentedaccuracy of better than 5cm (2 inches). Because theSBAS corrections are broadcast via INMARSAT geostationarysatellites, the user needs no localreference stations or post-processing to get thisexceptional accuracy. Furthermore, the sameaccuracy is available virtually anywhere on the earth'ssurface on land or sea from a 10 degree look angle,due to the worldwide coverage of these geostationarysatellites.InfrastructureThe system utilizes the GPS satellite system, L-Bandcommunication satellites, and a worldwide network ofreference stations, to deliver real-time high-precisionpositioning.C-153

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev ETo provide this unique service, NavCom has built aglobal network of dual-frequency reference stations,which constantly receive signals from the GPSsatellites as they orbit the earth. Data from thesereference stations is fed to two USA processingcenters, in Torrance, California and Moline, Illinois,where they are processed to generate the differentialcorrections.From the two processing centers, the correction datais fed via redundant and independent communicationlinks to satellite uplink stations at Laurentides,Canada; Perth, Australia; Burum, The Netherlands;Santa Paula, California; Auckland, New Zealand; andSouthbury, Connecticut for rebroadcast via thegeo-stationary satellites.The key to the accuracy and convenience of theStarFire system is the source of SBAS corrections.GPS satellites transmit navigation data on severalL-Band frequencies 1 . The StarFire reference stationsare all equipped with geodetic-quality, multi-frequencyreceivers. These reference receivers decode GPSsignals and send precise, high quality, multifrequencypseudorange and carrier phasemeasurements back to the processing centerstogether with the data messages, which all GPSsatellites broadcast.1 A single-frequency operation mode is available forthe SF-3050A. See the Sapphire TechnicalReference Manual and the StarUtil 3000 User Guidefor details on using this feature. Single-frequency is areceiver mode that uses only the L1 GPS signal.There is no compensation for ionospheric effects.C-154

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev EAt the processing centers, NavCom's proprietarydifferential processing techniques are used togenerate real-time precise orbits and clock correctiondata for each satellite in the GPS constellation. Thisproprietary Wide Area DGPS (WADGPS) algorithm isoptimized for a multi-frequency system such asStarFire, in which multi-frequency ionosphericmeasurements are available at both the referencereceivers and the user receivers. It is the use of multifrequencyreceivers at both the reference stationsand the user equipment, together with the advancedprocessing algorithms, which makes the exceptionalaccuracy of the StarFire system possible.Creating the corrections is just the first part. From ourtwo processing centers, the differential correctionsare then sent to the Land Earth Station (LES) foruplink to L-Band communications satellites. Theuplink sites for the network are equipped withNavCom-built modulation equipment, whichinterfaces with the satellite system transmitter anduplinks the correction data stream to the satellite thatbroadcasts it over the coverage area. Each L-Bandsatellite covers more than a third of the earth.Users equipped with a StarFire precision GPSreceiver actually have two receivers in a singlepackage, a GPS receiver and an L-Bandcommunications receiver, both designed by NavComfor this system. The GPS receiver tracks all thesatellites in view and makes pseudorangemeasurements to the GPS satellites. Simultaneously,the L-Band receiver receives the correctionmessages broadcast via the L-Band satellite. Whenthe corrections are applied to the GPSmeasurements, a position measurement ofunprecedented real-time accuracy is produced.C-155

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev EReliabilityThe entire system meets or exceeds a targetavailability of 99.99%. To achieve this, every part ofthe infrastructure has a built-in backup system.All of the reference stations are built with duplicatereceivers, processors, and communication interfaces,which switch automatically or in response to a remotecontrol signal from the processing centers. The datalinks from the reference stations use the Internet asthe primary data link and are backed up by dedicatedcommunications lines, but in fact the network issufficiently dense that the reference stationseffectively act as backup for each other. If one orseveral fail, the net effect on the correction accuracyis not impaired.There are two continuously running processingcenters, each receiving all of the reference site inputsand each with redundant communications links to theuplink LES. The LESs are equipped with twocomplete and continuously operating sets of uplinkequipment arbitrated by an automatic fail over switch.Finally, a comprehensive team of support engineersmaintains round the clock monitoring and control ofthe system.The network is a fully automated self-monitoringsystem. To ensure overall system integrity, anindependent integrity monitor receiver, similar to astandard StarFire user receiver, is installed at everyreference station to monitor service quality. Data fromthese integrity monitors is sent to the twoindependent processing hubs in Torrance, Californiaand Moline, Illinois. Through these integrity monitors,the network is continuously checked for overall SBASpositioning accuracy, L-Band signal strength, dataintegrity, and other essential operational parameters.C-156

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev EStarFire SatellitesTable 27: StarFire Satellites v. 1.0.1.5 and EarlierNetwork Satellite ID LongitudeSatelliteNameUplink Site402 97.65W PAC-E LaurentidesNet 1 609 109E IND-E Auckland525 25E IND-W Burum358 142W PAC-C Santa PaulaNet 2 643 143.5E PAC-W Perth484 15.5W AOR-E SouthburyTable 28: StarFire Satellites v. 2.0.15.0 and LaterNetwork Satellite ID LongitudeSatelliteNameUplink Site402 97.65W PAC-E LaurentidesNet 1 643 143.5E PAC-W Perth525 25E IND-W Burum358 142W PAC-C Santa PaulaNet 2 609 109E IND-E Auckland484 15.5W AOR-E Southbury Satellites 609 and 643 have beenreassigned to provide improvedreception. Satellite 609, which was inNet1, is now in Net2, and satellite 643,which was in Net2, is now in Net1.C-157

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev EHow to Access the StarFire ServiceStarFire is a subscription service. The user pays asubscription, which licenses the use of the service fora predetermined period of time. In addition to theStarFire license, the SF-3050 receiver requires aStarFire Software Option 1 . This is not a requirementfor other NavCom receivers.StarFire subscriptions can be purchased for quarterly,biannual, or annual periods and are available via aNavCom authorized representative, or by contactingNavCom Sales Department.An authorized subscription will provide an encryptedkeyword, which is specific to the Serial Number of theNavCom receiver to be authorized. This is enteredinto the receiver using the provided controllersolution.For the SF-3050 receiver only, the initial StarFirelicense and StarFire Software Option are installed byan authorized dealer or the user.Former NavCom receivers were delivered with theinitial StarFire license preinstalled at the factory, andsubsequent licenses were installed by the user.NavCom‟s order fulfillment center has changed,necessitating a change in initial license installation asdetailed above.For the SF-3050 receiver only, subsequent renewalsof the license can be transmitted to the receiver viasatellite.The only piece of equipment needed to use theStarFire system is a StarFire receiver. NavCom offersa variety of receivers configured for differentapplications. Details of all the StarFire receivers areavailable from the NavCom authorized local1Dependent on Bundle Options: Standard or OptionalC-158

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev Erepresentative or the NavCom website at:www.NavComtech.comStarFire receivers include a multi-frequency GNSSreceiver and an L-Band receiver integrated into asingle unit to provide the exceptional precisepositioning capability of the StarFire Network,anywhere, anytime.C-159

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev EFigure 84: StarFire NetworkC-160

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev ED ....................... Event Input ConfigurationFigure 85 details the wiring of the supplied Eventcable assembly. NavCom part number P/N 94-310262-3010LF is supplied with earlier SF-3050production units. P/N 94-310274-3010LF is suppliedwith later SF-3050 production units.Refer to Chapter 3/Event for detailed electricalspecifications.Table 29 details the wiring configuration required forEvent pulse sensing.Figure 85: Event Cable Wiring DiagramTable 29: Event Wiring ConnectionsPin #SignalNameEvent Sync Wiring3 Event Tie Event to Ground9 Ground N/AOnce the cable is wired to correspond with the eventpulse requirements, configure the receiver to outputthe message containing a time mark – referenced tothe time kept within the receiver indicating when theevent is sensed (EVENTLATCH, EVENTLATCHA). The EVENTLATCH and EVENTLATCHAmessages are described in the SapphireD-161

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev ETechnical Reference Manual (see RelatedDocuments in the fore-matter).The Event Input can be triggered on the Rising orFalling edge of the input pulse. Configuration ispossible through the StarUtil 3000 program.D-162

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev EE ............................ Networked Transport ofRTCM Internet Protocol (NTRIP) SetupConfigure the SF-3050 for WirelessConnectionPerform these steps:1. Connect the SF-3050 to the computer either onthe USB port or the COM1 port.2. Start StarUtil 3000 or another application thatprovides an Input Terminal.3. Configure the SF-3050 as a rover:[RTKMODE]ROVER, RTCM, 14. Schedule the following messages:[OUTPUT]PVT1B,ONTIME,1,USB1[OUTPUT]ECHODGPSB,ONCHANGE,,USB1[OUTPUT]RTKSTATUS1B,ONTIME,1,USB11. Configure the modem control parameters; forexample, assuming T-Mobile as service provider,enter the following command on the InputTerminal[MODEMCONFIG] ‟‟‟‟,‟‟‟‟,”1, „IP‟,„internet2.voicestream.com‟‟‟ For providers other than T-Mobile, theAPN „internet2.voicestream.com‟ shouldbe changed to the appropriate APN. If indoubt, sometimes a blank APN works.E-163

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev EConfigure the NTRIP ServerPerform these steps:1. Configure the SF-3050 to send corrections to thecaster via the modem.2. Connect to the caster:[NTRIPSERVER]CONNECT3. Set RTKMODE to use the NTRIP virtual port asthe port for sending the corrections:[RTKMODE]BASERTCM1004,,1,NTRIP,STATIC,AUTO BASERTCM1004 indicates the type ofcorrections to send.4. Enter the following command to disconnect fromthe caster:[NTRIPSERVER]DISCONNECTRefer to the Sapphire Technical Reference Manualfor detailed instructions on the [ECHODGPSB],[MODEMCONFIG], [NTRIPSERVER],[NTRIPCLIENT], [OUTPUT], and [RTKMODE]commands.Configure the NTRIP ClientPerform these steps:1. Configure the SF-3050 to receive corrections fromthe caster via the modem.2. Connect to the caster:[NTRIPCLIENT]CONNECT3. Verify that the ECHODGPSB message indicatesthat RTCM 3.0 corrections are being received.E-164

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev E4. Verify that both the PVT1B and RTKSTATUS1Bscreens indicate that the navigation statusachieves “RTK Dual Fixed: RTCM3-Dual Full”.This may take several seconds.5. Enter the following command to disconnect fromthe caster:[NTRIPCLIENT]DISCONNECTRefer to the Sapphire Technical Reference Manualfor detailed instructions on the [ECHODGPSB],[MODEMCONFIG], [NTRIPCLIENT],[NTRIPSERVER], [OUTPUT], and [RTKMODE]commands. The NTRIP client and server cannot bothbe active at the same time. An errormessage will be displayed if anykeyword other than a status request orDISCONNECT is issued to one while theother is active. To send or receive corrections viaEthernet instead of a modem, configurethe SF-3050 for Ethernet.E-165

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SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev EF ................... Software License AgreementSoftware License Agreement for NavComTechnology, Inc. GNSS StarFire ReceiverIMPORTANT – READ CAREFULLY: THISSOFTWARE LICENSE AGREEMENT IS A LEGALCONTRACT BETWEEN YOU AND THE LICENSOR("Licensor") IDENTIFIED BELOW AND GOVERNSYOUR USE OF THE NavCom Technology GNSSStarFire Receiver (THE "Receiver"). ANADDITIONAL END-USER LICENSE AGREEMENT(“EULA”) IS REQUIRED FOR USE OF THESTARFIRE GPS CORRECTIONS SERVICE.BY ACTIVATING OR OTHERWISE USING THEReceiver, YOU ARE ACCEPTING AND AGREEINGTO THE TERMS OF THIS LICENSE AGREEMENTWITH RESPECT TO THE SOFTWARE (THE"Software") THAT HAS BEEN PRE-INSTALLED ONYOUR Receiver or provided by NavComTechnology, Inc. YOU AGREE THAT THISSOFTWARE LICENSE AGREEMENT, INCLUDINGTHE WARRANTY DISCLAIMERS, LIMITATIONS OFLIABILITY AND TERMINATION PROVISIONSBELOW, IS BINDING UPON YOU, AND UPONANY COMPANY ON WHOSE BEHALF YOU USETHE Software, AS WELL AS THE EMPLOYEES OFANY SUCH COMPANY (COLLECTIVELYREFERRED TO AS "YOU" IN THIS SOFTWARELICENSE AGREEMENT). IF YOU DO NOT AGREETO THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT, OR IFYOU ARE NOT AUTHORIZED TO ACCEPT THESETERMS ON BEHALF OF YOUR COMPANY OR ITSEMPLOYEES, PLEASE DISCONTINUEACTIVATION OR USE OF THE Receiver. THISLICENSE AGREEMENT REPRESENTS THEF-167

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev EENTIRE AGREEMENT CONCERNING THESoftware BETWEEN YOU AND THE Licensor ANDIT REPLACES ANY PRIOR PROPOSAL,REPRESENTATION, OR UNDERSTANDINGBETWEEN YOU AND THE Licensor.1. Description of Software. Your RECEIVER comeswith all Software pre-installed or on the memorydevice accompanying the RECEIVER or ifSoftware is purchased separately from theRECEIVER it is delivered on a memory deviceshipped pursuant to such separate purchase.License fees for your use of some features of theSoftware are included in the purchase price forthe RECEIVER when purchased with theRECEIVER. License fees for Software purchasedseparately from the RECEIVER must be paid forseparately. Use of other features of the Softwarerequires an additional payment of license fees, forwhich you will receive an activation license(“Activation License”) that, when entered into theRECEIVER – following the instructions supplied inthe User Manual(s) – will make those featuresoperational. You are responsible for maintainingthe confidentiality of all Activation Licenses andwill not disclose them to any third party or permitany third party to use them without paying theapplicable license fees.2. License. Licensor hereby grants to you, and youaccept, a non-exclusive license to use theSoftware in machine-readable, object code form,only as authorized in this License Agreement andthe applicable provisions of the User Manual(s),which you agree to review carefully prior to usingthe Software. The Software may be used only onthe RECEIVER in which it was initially installed orfor which it was initially purchased; or, in the eventof the inoperability of that RECEIVER, on aF-168

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev Ereplacement RECEIVER provided to you by anauthorized dealer pursuant to the LimitedWarranty of Section 5. You agree that you will notassign, sublicense, transfer, pledge, lease, rent,or share your rights under this LicenseAgreement, except that you may permanentlytransfer all of your rights under this LicenseAgreement in connection with the sale of theRECEIVER on which the Software covered by thisAgreement is installed. Please consult the OpenSource Software License appendix for furtherinformation concerning additional licenses, rights,or responsibilities associated with any OpenSource Software components which may beincluded with this Software.3. Licensor's Rights. You acknowledge and agreethat the Software is proprietary to Licensor and isprotected under copyright law. You furtheracknowledge and agree that all right, title, andinterest in and to the Software, includingassociated intellectual property rights, are andshall remain with Licensor. This LicenseAgreement does not convey to you any title orinterest in or to the Software, but only a limitedright of use revocable in accordance with theterms of this License Agreement. You agree thatyou will not: (a) reverse assemble, reversecompile, modify, or otherwise translate theSoftware, or attempt to defeat the copyrightprotection and application enabling mechanismstherein; (b) copy or reproduce the Software; or,(b) remove or obliterate any copyright, trademarkor other proprietary rights notices from theSoftware. You also agree not to permit any thirdparty acting under your control to do any of theforegoing.F-169

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev E4. License Fees. The license fees paid by you arepaid in consideration of the licenses grantedunder this License Agreement..5. Limited Warranty. Licensor warrants, for yourbenefit alone and not for the benefit of any otherparty, that during the "Warranty Period" definedbelow, the Software will operate substantially inaccordance with the applicable functionalspecifications ("Specifications") set forth in theUser Manual(s). If, prior to expiration of theWarranty Period, the Software fails to performsubstantially in accordance with theSpecifications, you may return the RECEIVER tothe place of purchase for repair or replacement ofthe non-performing Software. As used in thisAgreement, the "Warranty Period" is 12 monthsfrom the date you take delivery of the Receiver.6. DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTIES. YOU HEREBYAGREE THAT THE LIMITED WARRANTYPROVIDED ABOVE (THE "Limited Warranty")CONSTITUTES YOUR SOLE AND EXCLUSIVEREMEDY FOR ANY PROBLEM WHATSOEVERWITH THE Software. EXCEPT AS PROVIDEDIN THE LIMITED WARRANTY, THE Software ISLICENSED “AS IS,” AND LICENSOR, ITSAFFILIATES AND THIRD PARTY SUPPLIERSEXPRESSLY DISCLAIM AND YOU EXPRESSLYWAIVE, RELEASE AND RENOUNCE ALLWARRANTIES ARISING BY LAW OROTHERWISE WITH RESPECT TO THESoftware, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO:ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OFMERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR APARTICULAR PURPOSE; ANY IMPLIEDWARRANTY ARISING FROM COURSE OFPERFORMANCE, COURSE OF DEALING ORTRADE USAGE; ANY WARRANTY OF TITLE ORNON-INFRINGEMENT; AND, ANY OTHERF-170

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev EWARRANTY ARISING UNDER ANY THEORYOF LAW, INCLUDING TORT, NEGLIGENCE,STRICT LIABILITY, CONTRACT OR OTHERLEGAL OR EQUITABLE THEORY. NOREPRESENTATION OR OTHER AFFIRMATIONOF FACT INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,STATEMENTS REGARDING SUITABILITY FORUSE, SHALL BE DEEMED TO BE A WARRANTYBY LICENSOR OR ANY OF ITS AFFILIATES ORTHIRD PARTY SUPPLIERS. LICENSOR DOESNOT WARRANT THAT THE Software ISERROR-FREE OR WILL OPERATE WITHOUTINTERRUPTION.7. LIMITATION OF LIABILITY. EXCEPT AS SETFORTH IN THE LIMITED WARRANTY, UNDERNO CIRCUMSTANCES SHALL Licensor, ITSAFFILIATES OR ITS THIRD PARTY SUPPLIERSBE LIABLE TO YOU OR TO ANY THIRDPARTIES FOR DIRECT, INDIRECT,INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGESOF ANY KIND, INCLUDING ANY LOSS ORDAMAGE CAUSED BY THE Software; ANYPARTIAL OR TOTAL FAILURE OF THESoftware; PERFORMANCE,NONPERFORMANCE OR DELAYS INCONNECTION WITH ANY INSTALLATION,MAINTENANCE, WARRANTY OR REPAIRS OFTHE Software, DAMAGE TO PROPERTY, LOSSOF PROFITS, LOSS OF BUSINESS OR LOSSOF GOODWILL, LOSS OF USE OF EQUIPMENTOR SERVICES OR DAMAGES TO BUSINESSOR REPUTATION ARISING FROM THEPERFORMANCE OR NON-PERFORMANCE OFANY ASPECT OF THIS AGREEMENT,WHETHER IN CONTRACT, TORT OROTHERWISE, AND WHETHER OR NOTLicensor, ITS AFFILIATES OR ITS THIRDPARTY SUPPLIERS HAVE BEEN ADVISED OFF-171

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev ETHE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. IN NOEVENT SHALL Licensor's CUMULATIVELIABILITY TO YOU OR TO ANY OTHER PARTYFOR ANY LOSSES OR DAMAGES RESULTINGFROM ANY CLAIMS, LAWSUITS, DEMANDS,OR ACTIONS ARISING FROM OR RELATINGTO USE OF THE Software EXCEED YOURTOTAL PAYMENT FOR THE Receiver and forthe license of the Software.8. Software Maintenance. Licensor may, at its soleoption, offer you maintenance of the Software,even though the Warranty Period (as definedabove) has expired. Such maintenance mayinclude providing modifications, corrections orenhancements ("Upgrades") to the Softwareand/or the applicable User Manual(s). Licensorreserves the right, in its sole discretion, to chargeyou for maintenance (except in cases wherecorrections are provided under the LimitedWarranty). Your acceptance of this LicenseAgreement constitutes your agreement that anyUpgrades will be deemed included in the Softwareas defined in this License Agreement and thatthey shall be governed by the terms andconditions applicable to the Receiver Softwareunder this License Agreement.9. Termination of License. Licensor may terminatethe license granted under this Agreement uponwritten notice of termination provided to you if youviolate any material term of this Agreementpertaining to your use of the Software orLicensor's rights, including, without limitation, theprovisions of Sections 2 and 3 above.10. Compliance with Law. You agree that you will usethe Software in accordance with United States lawand the laws of the country in which you arelocated, as applicable, including foreign tradeF-172

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev Econtrol laws and regulations. The Software maybe subject to export and other foreign tradecontrols restricting re-sales and/or transfers toother countries and parties. By accepting theterms of this Agreement, you acknowledge thatyou understand that the Software may be socontrolled, including, but not limited to, by theExport Administration Regulations and/or theforeign trade control regulations of the TreasuryDepartment of the United States. Any otherprovision of this Agreement to the contrarynotwithstanding, you agree that the Software willnot be resold, re-exported or otherwisetransferred. The Software remains subject toapplicable U.S. laws.11. Indemnification. You agree to defend, indemnifyand hold Licensor, its affiliates and third partysupplier, and their officers, directors, employees,agents and representatives (each an "IndemnifiedParty"), harmless from and against all claims,demands proceedings, injuries, liabilities, losses,or costs and expenses (including reasonable legalfees) brought by any third party against any suchpersons arising from or in connection with youruse of the Software, regardless of whether suchlosses are caused, wholly or partially, by anynegligence, breach of contract or other fault of anIndemnified Party.12. Trademark. StarFire is a trademark of Licensor.No right, license, or interest to such trademark isgranted hereunder, and you agree that no suchright, license, or interest shall be asserted by youwith respect to such trademark.13. Costs of Litigation. If any claim or action isbrought by either party to this License Agreementagainst the other party regarding the subjectmatter hereof, the prevailing party shall be entitledF-173

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev Eto recover, in addition to any other relief granted,reasonable attorney fees and expenses oflitigation.14. Severability and Waiver. Should any term of thisLicense Agreement be declared void orunenforceable by any court of competentjurisdiction, such declaration shall have no effecton the remaining terms hereof. The failure ofeither party to enforce any rights grantedhereunder or to take action against the other partyin the event of any breach hereunder shall not bedeemed a waiver by that party as to subsequentenforcement of rights of subsequent actions in theevent of future breaches.15. Language Clause. If you are a resident of Canadaat the time you accept this License Agreement,then the parties hereby acknowledge that theyhave required this License Agreement, and allother documents relating hereto, be drawn up inthe English language only. Les partiesreconnaissent avoir demandé que le présentcontrat ainsi que toute autre entente ou avisrequis ou permis à être conclu ou donné en vertudes stipulations du présent contrat, soient rédigésen langue anglaise seulement. If you are aresident of any country other than the UnitedStates, Canada, Great Britain, Australia or NewZealand then you agree as follows: there may bea translated version of this License Agreement. Ifthere is an inconsistency or contradiction betweenthe translated version and the English version ofthis License Agreement, the English version ofthis License Agreement shall control.16. Assignment by Licensor. Licensor may assign thisAgreement without your prior consent to anycompany or entity affiliated with Licensor, or by anF-174

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev Eassignment associated with a corporaterestructuring, merger or acquisition.17. Governing Law and Forum. This Agreement willbe governed by and construed in accordance withthe substantive laws in force in the County of LosAngeles in the State of California. This Agreementwill not be governed by the conflict of law rules ofany jurisdiction or the United Nations Conventionon Contracts for the International Sale of Goods,the application of which is expressly excluded.18. Specific Exceptions.18.1 Limited Warranty for Users Residing inEuropean Economic Area Countries andSwitzerland. If you obtained the Software in anyEuropean Economic Area countries andSwitzerland, and you usually reside in suchcountry, then Section 6 does not apply, instead,Licensor warrants that the Software providesthe functionalities set forth in the OperatorsManuals (the "agreed upon functionalities") forthe Warranty Period. As used in this Section,"Warranty Period" means one (1) year. Nonsubstantialvariation from the agreed uponfunctionalities shall not be considered and doesnot establish any warranty rights. THIS LIMITEDWARRANTY DOES NOT APPLY TO SoftwarePROVIDED TO YOU FREE OF CHARGE, FOREXAMPLE, UPDATES, OR SOFTWARE THATHAS BEEN ALTERED BY YOU, TO THEEXTENT SUCH ALTERATIONS CAUSED ADEFECT. To make a warranty claim, during theWarranty Period you must return, at ourexpense, the Software and proof of purchase tothe location where you obtained it. If thefunctionalities of the Software vary substantiallyfrom the agreed upon functionalities, Licensor isentitled -- by way of re-performance and at itsF-175

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev Eown discretion -- to repair or replace theSoftware. If this fails, you are entitled to areduction of the purchase price (reduction) or tocancel the purchase agreement (rescission).For further warranty information, please contactLicensor at the address listed in Section 21.18.2 Limitation of Liability for Users Residing inEuropean Economic Area Countries andSwitzerland.(a) If you obtained the Software in anyEuropean Economic Area country orSwitzerland, and you usually reside in suchcountry, then Sections 7 and 11 do not apply,Instead, subject to the provisions in Section13.2.2, Licensor's statutory liability for damagesshall be limited as follows: (a) Licensor shall beliable only up to the amount of damages astypically foreseeable at the time of entering intothis License Agreement in respect of damagescaused by a slightly negligent breach of amaterial contractual obligation and (b) Licensorshall not be liable for damages caused by aslightly negligent breach of a non-materialcontractual obligation.(b) The aforesaid limitation of liability shall notapply to any mandatory statutory liability, inparticular, to liability under the German ProductLiability Act, liability for assuming a specificguarantee or liability for culpably causedpersonal injuries.(c) You are required to take all reasonablemeasures to avoid and reduce damages, inparticular to make back-up copies of theSoftware and your computer data subject to theprovisions of this Agreement.F-176

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev E19. Representations of Licensee. BY ACCEPTINGTHIS AGREEMENT, YOU: (A) ACKNOWLEDGETHAT YOU HAVE READ AND UNDERSTANDTHIS AGREEMENT; (B) REPRESENT THATYOU HAVE THE AUTHORITY TO ENTER INTOTHIS AGREEMENT; (C) AGREE THAT THISAGREEMENT IS ENFORCEABLE AGAINSTYOU AND ANY LEGAL ENTITY THATOBTAINED THE Software AND ON WHOSEBEHALF IT IS USED; AND, (D) AGREE TOPERFORM THE OBLIGATIONS OF THISAGREEMENT.20. Identification of Licensor and Notices. TheLicensor is NavCom Technology, Inc., A JohnDeere Company. All notices to Licensor shall besent by email, certified or registered mail to thecorresponding address for the Licensor givenbelow. All notices required to be given to youshall, in Licensor‟s sole discretion, either be sentvia email, facsimile transmission, first class,certified or registered mail to the relevant addressgiven to Licensor in connection with yourpurchase of the RECEIVER. Any of the foregoingmethods of notification used by Licensor shall beeffective upon dispatch. You agree to notifyLicensor of any change in your designatedaddresses in the manner set forth above.Place of PurchaseNorth AmericaAsia, Australia,New ZealandEuropeAfrica, Middle EastLatin & SouthAmericaAddressNavCom Technology, Inc.ATTN: GNSS Receiver CustomerSupport20780 Madrona AvenueTorrance, CA 90503-3777United States of Americacustomerservice@navcomtech.comAll notices to Licensor shall be effective upon receipt.F-177

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev EOpen Source Software License AppendixListing of modules/components not licensed underthe Deere proprietary license:freeRTOS v4.7.2lwIP v1.2.0License Text - Module/Component: freeRTOS v4.7.2• GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSEVersion 2, June 1991Copyright (C) 1989, 1991Free Software Foundation, Inc.59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA02111-1307 USAEveryone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatimcopies of this license document, but changing it is notallowed. See the end of this section for a specialexception to the General Public License (GPL).• PreambleThe licenses for most software are designed to takeaway your freedom to share and change it. Bycontrast, the GNU General Public License is intendedto guarantee your freedom to share and change freesoftware--to make sure the software is free for all itsusers. This General Public License applies to most ofthe Free Software Foundation's software and to anyother program whose authors commit to using it.(Some other Free Software Foundation software iscovered by the GNU Library General Public Licenseinstead.) You can apply it to your programs, too.When we speak of free software, we are referring tofreedom, not price. Our General Public Licenses areF-178

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev Edesigned to make sure that you have the freedom todistribute copies of free software (and charge for thisservice if you wish), that you receive source code orcan get it if you want it, that you can change thesoftware or use pieces of it in new free programs; andthat you know you can do these things.To protect your rights, we need to make restrictionsthat forbid anyone to deny you these rights or to askyou to surrender the rights. These restrictionstranslate to certain responsibilities for you if youdistribute copies of the software, or if you modify it.For example, if you distribute copies of such aprogram, whether gratis or for a fee, you must givethe recipients all the rights that you have. You mustmake sure that they, too, receive or can get thesource code. And you must show them these termsso they know their rights.We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyrightthe software, and (2) offer you this license whichgives you legal permission to copy, distribute and/ormodify the software.Also, for each author's protection and ours, we wantto make certain that everyone understands that thereis no warranty for this free software. If the software ismodified by someone else and passed on, we wantits recipients to know that what they have is not theoriginal, so that any problems introduced by otherswill not reflect on the original authors' reputations.Finally, any free program is threatened constantly bysoftware patents. We wish to avoid the danger thatredistributors of a free program will individually obtainpatent licenses, in effect making the programproprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clearthat any patent must be licensed for everyone's freeuse or not licensed at all.F-179

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev EThe precise terms and conditions for copying,distribution and modification follow.• GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE: TERMS ANDCONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTIONAND MODIFICATION0. This License applies to any program or other workwhich contains a notice placed by the copyrightholder saying it may be distributed under theterms of this General Public License. The"Program", below, refers to any such program orwork, and a "work based on the Program" meanseither the Program or any derivative work undercopyright law: that is to say, a work containing theProgram or a portion of it, either verbatim or withmodifications and/or translated into anotherlanguage. (Hereinafter, translation is includedwithout limitation in the term "modification".) Eachlicensee is addressed as "you".Activities other than copying, distribution andmodification are not covered by this License; theyare outside its scope. The act of running theProgram is not restricted, and the output from theProgram is covered only if its contents constitutea work based on the Program (independent ofhaving been made by running the Program).Whether that is true depends on what theProgram does.1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies ofthe Program's source code as you receive it, inany medium, provided that you conspicuously andappropriately publish on each copy an appropriatecopyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keepintact all the notices that refer to this License andto the absence of any warranty; and give anyother recipients of the Program a copy of thisLicense along with the Program.F-180

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev EYou may charge a fee for the physical act oftransferring a copy, and you may at your optionoffer warranty protection in exchange for a fee.2. You may modify your copy or copies of theProgram or any portion of it, thus forming a workbased on the Program, and copy and distributesuch modifications or work under the terms ofSection 1 above, provided that you also meet allof these conditions:a) You must cause the modified files to carryprominent notices stating that you changedthe files and the date of any change.b) You must cause any work that you distributeor publish, that in whole or in part contains oris derived from the Program or any partthereof, to be licensed as a whole at nocharge to all third parties under the terms ofthis License.c) If the modified program normally readscommands interactively when run, you mustcause it, when started running for suchinteractive use in the most ordinary way, toprint or display an announcement including anappropriate copyright notice and a notice thatthere is no warranty (or else, saying that youprovide a warranty) and that users mayredistribute the program under theseconditions, and telling the user how to view acopy of this License. (Exception: if theProgram itself is interactive but does notnormally print such an announcement, yourwork based on the Program is not required toprint an announcement.)These requirements apply to the modified work asa whole. If identifiable sections of that work arenot derived from the Program, and can beF-181

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev Ereasonably considered independent and separateworks in themselves, then this License, and itsterms, do not apply to those sections when youdistribute them as separate works. But when youdistribute the same sections as part of a wholewhich is a work based on the Program, thedistribution of the whole must be on the terms ofthis License, whose permissions for otherlicensees extend to the entire whole, and thus toeach and every part regardless of who wrote it.Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claimrights or contest your rights to work writtenentirely by you; rather, the intent is to exercise theright to control the distribution of derivative orcollective works based on the Program.In addition, mere aggregation of another work notbased on the Program with the Program (or with awork based on the Program) on a volume of astorage or distribution medium does not bring theother work under the scope of this License.3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or awork based on it, under Section 2) in object codeor executable form under the terms of Sections 1and 2 above provided that you also do one of thefollowing:a) Accompany it with the completecorresponding machine-readable sourcecode, which must be distributed under theterms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a mediumcustomarily used for software interchange; or,b) Accompany it with a written offer, valid for atleast three years, to give any third party, for acharge no more than your cost of physicallyperforming source distribution, a completemachine-readable copy of the correspondingsource code, to be distributed under the termsF-182

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev Eof Sections 1 and 2 above on a mediumcustomarily used for software interchange; or,c) Accompany it with the information youreceived as to the offer to distributecorresponding source code. (This alternativeis allowed only for noncommercial distributionand only if you received the program in objectcode or executable form with such an offer, inaccord with Subsection b above.)The source code for a work means the preferredform of the work for making modifications to it. Foran executable work, complete source code meansall the source code for all modules it contains,plus any associated interface definition files, plusthe scripts used to control compilation andinstallation of the executable. However, as aspecial exception, the source code distributedneed not include anything that is normallydistributed (in either source or binary form) withthe major components (compiler, kernel, and soon) of the operating system on which theexecutable runs, unless that component itselfaccompanies the executable.If distribution of executable or object code is madeby offering access to copy from a designatedplace, then offering equivalent access to copy thesource code from the same place counts asdistribution of the source code, even though thirdparties are not compelled to copy the sourcealong with the object code.4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, ordistribute the Program except as expresslyprovided under this License. Any attemptotherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distributethe Program is void, and will automaticallyterminate your rights under this License.However, parties who have received copies, orF-183

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev Erights, from you under this License will not havetheir licenses terminated so long as such partiesremain in full compliance.5. You are not required to accept this License, sinceyou have not signed it. However, nothing elsegrants you permission to modify or distribute theProgram or its derivative works. These actionsare prohibited by law if you do not accept thisLicense. Therefore, by modifying or distributingthe Program (or any work based on the Program),you indicate your acceptance of this License to doso, and all its terms and conditions for copying,distributing or modifying the Program or worksbased on it.6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or anywork based on the Program), the recipientautomatically receives a license from the originallicensor to copy, distribute or modify the Programsubject to these terms and conditions. You maynot impose any further restrictions on therecipients' exercise of the rights granted herein.You are not responsible for enforcing complianceby third parties to this License.7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment orallegation of patent infringement or for any otherreason (not limited to patent issues), conditionsare imposed on you (whether by court order,agreement or otherwise) that contradict theconditions of this License, they do not excuse youfrom the conditions of this License. If you cannotdistribute so as to satisfy simultaneously yourobligations under this License and any otherpertinent obligations, then as a consequence youmay not distribute the Program at all. Forexample, if a patent license would not permitroyalty-free redistribution of the Program by allthose who receive copies directly or indirectlyF-184

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev Ethrough you, then the only way you could satisfyboth it and this License would be to refrain entirelyfrom distribution of the Program.If any portion of this section is held invalid orunenforceable under any particular circumstance,the balance of the section is intended to apply andthe section as a whole is intended to apply inother circumstances.It is not the purpose of this section to induce youto infringe any patents or other property rightclaims or to contest validity of any such claims;this section has the sole purpose of protecting theintegrity of the free software distribution system,which is implemented by public license practices.Many people have made generous contributionsto the wide range of software distributed throughthat system in reliance on consistent applicationof that system; it is up to the author/donor todecide if he or she is willing to distribute softwarethrough any other system and a licensee cannotimpose that choice.This section is intended to make thoroughly clearwhat is believed to be a consequence of the restof this License.8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program isrestricted in certain countries either by patents orby copyrighted interfaces, the original copyrightholder who places the Program under this Licensemay add an explicit geographical distributionlimitation excluding those countries, so thatdistribution is permitted only in or amongcountries not thus excluded. In such case, thisLicense incorporates the limitation as if written inthe body of this License.9. The Free Software Foundation may publishrevised and/or new versions of the General PublicF-185

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev ELicense from time to time. Such new versions willbe similar in spirit to the present version, but maydiffer in detail to address new problems orconcerns.Each version is given a distinguishing versionnumber. If the Program specifies a versionnumber of this License which applies to it and"any later version", you have the option offollowing the terms and conditions either of thatversion or of any later version published by theFree Software Foundation. If the Program doesnot specify a version number of this License, youmay choose any version ever published by theFree Software Foundation.10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Programinto other free programs whose distributionconditions are different, write to the author to askfor permission. For software which is copyrightedby the Free Software Foundation, write to theFree Software Foundation; we sometimes makeexceptions for this. Our decision will be guided bythe two goals of preserving the free status of allderivatives of our free software and of promotingthe sharing and reuse of software generally.NO WARRANTY11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREEOF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY FORTHE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTEDBY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHENOTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THECOPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHERPARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS"WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHEREXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUTNOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIESOF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR APARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK ASF-186

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev ETO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OFTHE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THEPROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUMETHE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING,REPAIR OR CORRECTION.12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BYAPPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO INWRITING WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, ORANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFYAND/OR REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM ASPERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FORDAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY GENERAL,SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIALDAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE ORINABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM(INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OFDATA OR DATA BEING RENDEREDINACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BYYOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OFTHE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANYOTHER PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDEROR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OFTHE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS• How to Apply These Terms to Your NewProgramsIf you develop a new program, and you want it to beof the greatest possible use to the public, the bestway to achieve this is to make it free software whicheveryone can redistribute and change under theseterms.To do so, attach the following notices to the program.It is safest to attach them to the start of each sourcefile to most effectively convey the exclusion ofwarranty; and each file should have at least theF-187

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev E"copyright" line and a pointer to where the full noticeis found.

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev E`show c'; they could even be mouse-clicks or menuitems--whatever suits your program.You should also get your employer (if you work as aprogrammer) or your school, if any, to sign a"copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary.Here is a sample; alter the names:Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyrightinterest in the program `Gnomovision' (whichmakes passes at compilers) written by JamesHacker., 1 April 1989Ty Coon, President of ViceThis General Public License does not permitincorporating your program into proprietary programs.If your program is a subroutine library, you mayconsider it more useful to permit linking proprietaryapplications with the library. If this is what you wantto do, use the GNU Library General Public Licenseinstead of this License.-----------------------------------------------------------------------I have included the following exception to the GPL.The exception should only be used should you wishto combine FreeRTOS with a proprietary product. Ifyou opt to use this exception you are encouraged tomake a donation to the FreeRTOS project. The linkon the www.FreeRTOS.org can be used for thispurpose. Any such donation is entirely voluntary anddoes not result in any enhanced support or anywarranty rights.This exception can only be used if you useFreeRTOS solely through the API published on thewww.FreeRTOS.org WEB site, and on condition thatthe combined work is not itself an RTOS.-----------------------------------------------------------------------F-189

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev EEXCEPTION TEXT:Linking FreeRTOS statically or dynamically with othermodules is making a combined work based onFreeRTOS. Thus, the terms and conditions of theGNU General Public License cover the wholecombination.As a special exception, the copyright holder ofFreeRTOS gives you permission to link FreeRTOSwith independent modules that communicate withFreeRTOS solely through the FreeRTOS APIinterface, regardless of the license terms of theseindependent modules, and to copy and distribute theresulting combined work under terms of your choice,provided that every copy of the combined work isaccompanied by a written statement that details tothe recipient the version of FreeRTOS used and anoffer by yourself to provide the FreeRTOS sourcecode should the recipient request it. Any FreeRTOSsource code, whether modified or in its originalrelease form, or whether in whole or in part, can onlybe distributed by you under the terms of the GNUGeneral Public License plus this exception. Anindependent module is a module which is not derivedfrom or based on FreeRTOS.Note that people who make modified versions ofFreeRTOS are not obligated to grant this specialexception for their modified versions; it is their choicewhether to do so. The GNU General Public Licensegives permission to release a modified versionwithout this exception; this exception also makes itpossible to release a modified version which carriesforward this exception.• Notice / Acknowledgement ObligationsFreeRTOS.org V4.7.2 - Copyright (C) 2003-2008Richard Barry.FreeRTOS v4.7.2 source code is available throughF-190

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev Eemail request to customerservice@navcomtech.comLicense Text - Module/Component: lwIP v1.2.0Open Source package license/** Copyright (c) 2001, 2002 Swedish Institute of ComputerScience.* All rights reserved.** Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with orwithout modification, are permitted provided that thefollowing conditions are met:** 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the abovecopyright notice,* this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce theabove copyright notice,* this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in thedocumentation* and/or other materials provided with the distribution.* 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse orpromote products* derived from this software without specific prior writtenpermission.** THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED* WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF* MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR APARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NOEVENT* SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,* EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT* OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OFUSE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS* INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANYF-191

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev ETHEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN* CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING* IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE,EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY* OF SUCH DAMAGE.** This file is part of the lwIP TCP/IP stack.** Author: Adam Dunkels **/• Notice / Acknowledgement ObligationsCopyright (c) 2001-2004 Swedish Institute ofComputer Science.All rights reserved.THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIEDWARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OFMERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR APARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NOEVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANYDIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,SPECIAL,EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIALDAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS ORSERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVERCAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, ORTORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OROTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THEUSE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OFTHE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.F-192

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev EGlossary.yym files see meteorological files (where yy = twodigityear data was collected)..yyn files see navigation files (where yy = two digityear data was collected)..yyo files see observation files (where yy = two digityear data was collected).almanac files an almanac file contains orbitinformation, clock corrections, and atmospheric delayparameters for all satellites tracked. It is transmittedto a receiver from a satellite and is used by missionplanning software.alt see altitude.altitude vertical distance above the ellipsoid or geoid.It is always stored as height above ellipsoid in theGPS receiver but can be displayed as height aboveellipsoid (HAE) or height above mean sea level(MSL).Antenna Phase Center (APC) The point in anantenna where the GPS signal from the satellites isreceived. The height above ground of the APC mustbe measured accurately to ensure accurate GPSreadings. The APC height can be calculated byadding the height to an easily measured point, suchas the base of the antenna mount, to the knowndistance between this point and the APC.APC see antenna phase center or phase center.Autonomous positioning (GPS/GLONASS/Galileo)a mode of operation in which a GNSS receivercomputes position fixes in real time from satellite dataalone, without reference to data supplied by areference station or orbital clock corrections.Autonomous positioning is typically the least preciseGlossary-193

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev Epositioning procedure a GNSS receiver can perform,yielding position fixes that are precise to 100 meterswith Selective Availability on, and 30 meters with S/Aoff.azimuth the azimuth of a line is its direction as givenby the angle between the meridian and the linemeasured in a clockwise direction from the northbranch of the meridian.base station see reference station.baud rate (bits per second) the number of bits sentor received each second. For example, a baud rate of9600 means there is a data flow of 9600 bits eachsecond. One character roughly equals 10 bits.bits per second see baud rate.bps see baud rate.BSW (British Standard Whitworth) a type of coarsescrew thread. A 5/8” diameter BSW is the standardmount for survey instruments.C/A code see Coarse Acquisition code.CAN BUS a balanced (differential) 2-wire interfacethat uses an asynchronous transmission scheme.Often used for communications in vehicularapplications.channel a channel of a GPS receiver consists of thecircuitry necessary to receive the signal for a singleGPS satellite.civilian code see Coarse Acquisition code.Coarse Acquisition code (C/A or Civilian code)the pseudo-random code generated by GPSsatellites. It is intended for civilian use and theaccuracy of readings using this code can bedegraded if selective availability (S/A) is introducedby the US Department of Defense.Glossary-194

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev ECOM# shortened form of the word Communications.Indicates a data communications port to/from theGPS sensor to a controller or data collection device.Compact Measurement Record (CMR) a standardformat for DGPS corrections used to transmitcorrections from a reference station to rover sensors.See Related Standards in Notices.controller a device consisting of hardware andsoftware used to communicate and manipulate theI/O functions of the GPS sensor.convergence period (StarFire) is the time necessaryfor the received StarFire signal corrections to beapplied and the position filtered to optimalperformance. The convergence period is typically 30to 45 minutes to achieve

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev EFigure 86: DTE to DCE RS-232 Pin AssignmentsDGPS see Differential GPS.Differential GPS (DGPS) a positioning procedurethat uses two receivers, a rover at an unknownlocation and a reference station at a known, fixedlocation. The reference station computes correctionsbased on the actual and observed ranges to thesatellites being tracked. The coordinates of theunknown location can be computed with sub-meterlevel precision by applying these corrections to thesatellite data received by the rover.Dilution of Precision (DOP) a class of measures ofthe magnitude of error in GPS position fixes due tothe orientation of the GPS satellites with respect tothe GPS receiver. There are several DOPs tomeasure different components of the error. Note: thisis a unitless value. see also PDOP.DOP see Dilution of Precision.DTE Data Terminal Equipment. See DCE.Glossary-196

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev Edual-frequency a type of GPS receiver that usesboth L1 and L2 signals from GPS satellites. A dualfrequencyreceiver can compute more preciseposition fixes over longer distances and under moreadverse conditions because it compensates forionospheric delays. The SF-3050 is a multi-frequencyGNSS receiver.dynamic mode when a GPS receiver operates indynamic mode, it assumes that it is in motion andcertain algorithms for GPS position fixing are enabledin order to calculate a tighter position fix.E1 carrier frequency a L-Band carrier to be used byGalileo satellites to transmit satellite data. Thefrequency is 1575.42MHz.E5A carrier frequency a L-Band carrier to be usedby Galileo satellites to transmit satellite data. Thefrequency is 1176.45MHz.ECEF (Earth Centered Earth Fixed) a Cartesiancoordinate system used for GPS, sometimes knownas a "conventional terrestrial" system.EGNOS (European Geostationary NavigationOverlay Service) a European satellite system usedto augment the two military satellite navigationsystems now operating, the US GPS and RussianGLONASS systems.elevation distance above or below Local VerticalDatum.elevation mask the lowest elevation, in degrees, atwhich a receiver can track a satellite. Measured fromthe horizon to zenith, 0º to 90º.ellipsoid a mathematical figure approximating theEarth‟s surface, generated by rotating an ellipse on itsminor axis. GPS positions are computed relative tothe WGS-84 ellipsoid. An ellipsoid has a smoothsurface, which does not match the earth‟s geoidalGlossary-197

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev Esurface closely, so GPS altitude measurements cancontain a large vertical error component.Conventionally surveyed positions usually reference ageoid, which has an undulating surface andapproximates the earth‟s surface more closely tominimize altitude errors.epoch literally a period of time. This period of time isdefined by the length of the said period.G1 carrier frequency the primary L-Band carrierused by GLONASS satellites to transmit satellitedata. The frequency is 1603.00MHz.G2 carrier frequency the secondary L-Band carrierused by GLONASS satellites to transmit satellitedata. The frequency is 1247.00MHz.GAGAN (GPS Aided Geo Augmented Navigation)an Indian satellite system that provides a set ofcorrections for the GPS satellites, which are valid forthe Indian region. They incorporate satellite orbit andclock corrections.Galileo a GNSS system currently being built by theEuropean Union (EU) and the European SpaceAgency (ESA). Galileo uses the same concepts forpositioning as GPS.geoid the gravity-equipotential surface that bestapproximates mean sea level over the entire surfaceof the earth. The surface of a geoid is too irregular touse for GPS readings, which are measured relative toan ellipsoid. Conventionally surveyed positionsreference a geoid. More accurate GPS readings canbe obtained by calculating the distance between thegeoid and ellipsoid at each position and subtractingthis from the GPS altitude measurement.GIS (Geographical Information Systems) acomputer system capable of assembling, storing,manipulating, updating, analyzing and displayingGlossary-198

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev Egeographically referenced information, i.e. dataidentified according to their locations. GIS technologycan be used for scientific investigations, resourcemanagement, and development planning. GISsoftware is used to display, edit, query and analyzeall the graphical objects and their associatedinformation.Global Positioning System (GPS) geometrically,there can only be one point in space, which is thecorrect distance from each of four known points. GPSmeasures the distance from a point to at least foursatellites from a constellation of 24 NAVSTARsatellites orbiting the earth at a very high altitude.These distances are used to calculate the point‟sposition.GLONASS (Global Orbiting Navigation SatelliteSystem) the Russian Federation‟s GNSS system,managed by the Russian Space Forces (Russian:VKS). GLONASS uses the same concepts forpositioning as GPS.GMT see Greenwich Mean Time.GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System.GPS see Global Positioning System.GPS time a measure of time. GPS time is based onUTC, but does not add periodic „leap seconds‟ tocorrect for changes in the earth‟s period of rotation.As of September 2002 GPS time is 13 secondsahead of UTC.Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) the local time of the0° meridian passing through Greenwich, England.HAE see altitude, and ellipsoid.IODC Issue of Data, Clock - The IODC indicates theissue number of the data set and thereby providesthe user with a convenient means of detecting anyGlossary-199

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev Echange in the correction parameters. The transmittedIODC will be different from any value transmitted bythe satellite during the preceding seven days.JPL Jet Propulsion Laboratory.Kbps kilobits per second.L-Band the group of radio frequencies extendingfrom approximately 400MHz to approximately1600MHz. The GPS carrier frequencies L1(1575.4MHz) and L2 (1227.6 MHz) are in the L-Bandrange.L1 carrier frequency the primary L-Band carrierused by GPS satellites to transmit satellite data. Thefrequency is 1575.42MHz. It is modulated by C/Acode, P-code, or Y-code, and a 50 bit/secondnavigation message. The bandwidth of this signal is1.023MHz.L2 carrier frequency the secondary L-Band carrierused by GPS satellites to transmit satellite data. Thefrequency is 1227.6MHz. It is modulated by P-code,or Y-code, and a 50 bit/second navigation message.The bandwidth of this signal is 10.23MHz.L2C carrier frequency a L-Band carrier used byGPS satellites to transmit satellite data. Thefrequency is 1227.6MHz. It is identical to L2 carrierfrequency except that it is also modulated by C/Acode, which provides a narrower band and is easierto track.L5 carrier frequency a L-Band carrier used by GPSsatellites to transmit satellite data. The frequency is1176.45MHz. Like L2, L5 better characterizes theionosphere and the atmosphere.lat see latitude.latitude (lat) the north/south component of thecoordinate of a point on the surface on the earth;Glossary-200

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev Eexpressed in angular measurement from the plane ofthe equator to a line from the center of the earth tothe point of interest. Often abbreviated as Lat.LED acronym for Light Emitting Diode.LEMO a type of data or power connector.LES Land Earth Station the point on the earth‟ssurface where data is up linked to a satellite.logging interval the frequency at which positionsgenerated by the receiver are logged to data files.lon see longitude.longitude (long) the east/west component of thecoordinate of a point on the surface of the earth;expressed as an angular measurement from theplane that passes through the earth‟s axis of rotationand the 0° meridian and the plane that passesthrough the axis of rotation and the point of interest.Often abbreviated as Long.Mean Sea Level (MSL) a vertical surface thatrepresents sea level.meridian one of the lines joining the north and southpoles at right angles to the equator, designated bydegrees of longitude, from 0° at Greenwich to 180°.meteorological (.YYm) files one of the three filetypes that make up the RINEX file format. Where YYindicates the last two digits of the year the data wascollected. A meteorological file contains atmosphericinformation.MSAS (MTSAT Satellite-based AugmentationSystem) a Japanese satellite system that provides aset of corrections for the GPS satellites, which arevalid for the Japanese region. They incorporatesatellite orbit and clock corrections.MSL see Mean Sea Level.Glossary-201

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev EMulti-Frequency-GNSS Receiver a type of receiverthat is capable of using multiple signals, for example,GPS (L1, L2, L2C, L5), GLONASS (G1, G2), Galileo(E1, E5a), StarFire L-band, SBAS (WAAS, EGNOS,MSAS, GAGAN), and QZSS signals. The use ofmultiple signals provides compensation forionospheric effects. In addition, reception of multiplesignals provides redundancy that results in a morestable navigation solution during adverse conditions.multipath error a positioning error resulting frominterference between radio waves that has traveledbetween the transmitter and the receiver by two pathsof different electrical lengths.navigation (.YYn) files one of the three file typesthat make up the RINEX file format. Where YYindicates the last two digits of the year the data wascollected. A navigation file contains satellite positionand time information.OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer) istypically a company that uses a component made bya second company in its own product, or sells theproduct of the second company under its own brand.The specific meaning of the term varies in differentcontexts.observation (.YYo) files one of the three file typesthat make up the RINEX file format. Where YYindicates the last two digits of the year the data wascollected. An observation file contains raw GPSposition information.P/N Part Number.P-code the extremely long pseudo-random codegenerated by a GPS satellite. It is intended for useonly by the U.S. military, so it can be encrypted to Y-code deny unauthorized users access.Glossary-202

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev Eparity a method of detecting communication errors byadding an extra parity bit to a group of bits. The paritybit can be a 0 or 1 value so that every byte will add upto an odd or even number (depending on whetherodd or even parity is chosen).PDA Personal Digital Assistant.PDOP see Position Dilution of Precision.PDOP mask the highest PDOP value at which areceiver computes positions.phase center the point in an antenna where theGPS signal from the satellites is received. The heightabove ground of the phase center must be measuredaccurately to ensure accurate GPS readings. Thephase center height can be calculated by adding theheight to an easily measured point, such as the baseof the antenna mount, to the known distance betweenthis point and the phase center.Position the latitude, longitude, and altitude of apoint. An estimate of error is often associated with aposition.Position Dilution of Precision (PDOP) a measure ofthe magnitude of Dilution of Position (DOP) errors inthe x, y, and z coordinates.Positronic a type of data or power connector.Post-processing a method of differential datacorrection, which compares data logged from aknown reference point to data logged by a rovingreceiver over the same period of time. Variations inthe position reported by the reference station can beused to correct the positions logged by the rovingreceiver. Post-processing is performed after you havecollected the data and returned to the office, ratherthan in real time as you log the data, so it can usecomplex, calculations to achieve greater accuracy.Glossary-203

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev EPrecise code see P-code.PRN (Uppercase) typically indicates a GPS satellitenumber sequence from 1 – 32.prn (Lower Case) see Pseudorandom Noise.Protected code see P-code.Proprietary commands those messages sent to andreceived from GPS equipment produced by NavComTechnology, Inc. own copyrighted binary language.pseudo-random noise (prn) a sequence of data thatappears to be randomly distributed but can be exactlyreproduced. Each GPS satellite transmits a uniquePRN in its signals. GPS receivers use PRNs toidentify and lock onto satellites and to compute theirpseudoranges.Pseudorange the apparent distance from thereference station‟s antenna to a satellite, calculatedby multiplying the time the signal takes to reach theantenna by the speed of light (radio waves travel atthe speed of light). The actual distance, or range, isnot exactly the same because various factors causeerrors in the measurement.PVT GNSS information depicting Position, Velocity,Time in the NCT proprietary message format.Quick Start (StarFire) a startup mode that allowsinstant

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev ERadio Technical Commission for MaritimeServices see RTCM.range the distance between a satellite and a GPSreceiver‟s antenna. The range is approximately equalto the pseudorange. However, errors can beintroduced by atmospheric conditions which slowdown the radio waves, clock errors, irregularities inthe satellite‟s orbit, and other factors. A GPSreceiver‟s location can be determined if you know theranges from the receiver to at least four GPSsatellites. Geometrically, there can only be one pointin space, which is the correct distance from each offour known points.RCP a NavCom Technology, Inc. proprietaryprocessing technique in which carrier phasemeasurements, free of Ionospheric and Troposphereeffects are used for navigation.Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) a GNSS system thatyields very accurate 3D position fixes immediately inreal-time. The base station transmits its GNSSposition to roving receivers as the receiver generatesthem, and the roving receivers use the base stationreadings to differentially correct their own positions.Accuracies of a few centimeters in all threedimensions are possible. RTK requiresmulti-frequency GNSS receivers and high speedradio modems.reference station a reference station collects GNSSdata for a fixed, known location. Some of the errors inthe GNSS positions for this location can be applied topositions recorded at the same time by rovingreceivers which are relatively close to the referencestation. A reference station is used to improve thequality and accuracy of GNSS data collected byroving receivers.Glossary-205

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev ERHCP Right Hand Circular Polarization used todiscriminate satellite signals. GNSS signals areRHCP.RINEX (Receiver Independent Exchange) is a fileset of standard definitions and formats designed to bereceiver or software manufacturer independent and topromote the free exchange of GNSS data. TheRINEX file format consists of separate files, the threemost commonly used are:the observation (.YYo) file,the navigation (.YYn) file,meteorological (.YYm) files; where YY indicatesthe last two digits of the year the data wascollected.rover any mobile GNSS receiver and field computercollecting data in the field. A roving receiver‟s positioncan be differentially corrected relative to a stationaryreference GNSS receiver or by using GNSS orbit andclock corrections from a SBAS such as StarFire.roving receiver see rover.RTCM (Radio Technical Commission for MaritimeServices) a standard format for Differential GNSScorrections used to transmit corrections from a basestation to rovers. RTCM allows both real-timekinematic (RTK) data collection and post-processeddifferential data collection. RTCM SC-104 (RTCMSpecial Committee 104) is the most commonly usedversion of RTCM message.RTK see Real-time kinematic.RTG Real Time GIPSY, a processing techniquedeveloped by NASA‟s Jet Propulsion Laboratory toprovide a single set of real time global corrections forthe GPS satellites.S/A see Selective Availability.Glossary-206

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev ESBAS (Satellite Based Augmentation System) thisis a more general term, which encompasses WAAS,StarFire and EGNOS type corrections.Selective Availability (S/A) is the deliberatedegradation of the GPS signal by encrypting the P-code and dithering the satellite clock. When the USDepartment of Defense uses S/A, the signal containserrors, which can cause positions to be inaccurate byas much as 100 meters.Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) is a measure of asatellite‟s signal strength.single-frequency is a type of receiver that only usesthe L1 GPS signal; there is no compensation forionospheric effects.SNR see signal-to-noise Ratio.StarFire a set of real-time global orbit and clockcorrections for GPS satellites. StarFire equippedreceivers are capable of real-time decimeterpositioning(see Appendix C).Spread Spectrum Radio (SSR) a radio that useswide band, noise like (pseudo-noise) signals that arehard to detect, intercept, jam, or demodulate makingany data transmitted secure. Because spreadspectrum signals are so wide, they can be transmittedat much lower spectral power density (Watts perHertz), than narrow band signals.SV (Space Vehicle) a GPS satellite.Universal Time Coordinated (UTC) a time standardmaintained by the US Naval Observatory, based onlocal solar mean time at the Greenwich meridian.GPS time is based on UTC.USB Universal Serial Bus.Glossary-207

SF-3050 Product User Guide – Rev EUTC see Universal Time Coordinated.WAAS (Wide Area Augmentation System) a USsatellite system that provides a set of corrections forthe GPS satellites, which are valid for the NorthAmerican region. They incorporate satellite orbit andclock corrections.WADGPS (Wide Area Differential GPS) a set ofcorrections for the GPS satellites, which are valid fora wide geographic area.WGS-84 (World Geodetic System 1984) the currentstandard datum for global positioning and surveying.The WGS-84 is based on the GRS-80 ellipsoid.Y-code the name given to encrypted P-code whenthe U.S. Department of Defense uses selectiveavailability.Glossary-208

SF-3050 GNSS Product User Guide – Rev EThis page is left blank intentionally.Glossary-209