here - Eco-Ideal Consulting Sdn Bhd

Establishing and Operating ECOSAN System in New and Existing Residential Areas113 ECOSAN Costing in New Housing AreasIn new housing developments, the premises may be prepared for ecologicalsanitation at very little or not extra cost compared to traditional septic tanksewerage treatment systems. In the following a total cost calculation has beenprepared for the ECOSAN system and the difference in costs between theECOSAN system and the traditional system using septic tanks has been assessed.3.1 Black Water SystemIn a typical household, the flush water from toilets constitutes 25 percent of thetotal water consumption. The collection of black water constitutes by far the majorparts of the costs of operating the system. Reduction of the amount of black wateris therefore a major component of the project design.The following assumptions have been made for the installation of black watersystem in new urban areas:- Installation of low flush toilets (2/4 litres per flush) implying generation of 12liters black water / PE / day. These toilets are slightly more expensive topurchase and install than traditional toilets but the extra cost will be offset bythe reduced cost of water consumption and subsequent reduction in andtransportation of black water.- Black water will be collected in a communal storage tank through a local pipenetwork from each house (refer to Figure 3.1).- Communal storage tanks for black water will require regular emptying(typically once in 3-4 weeks) by tanker trucks and transport to the recyclingfacility at Matang Sludge Treatment Plant.3.1.1 Capital Costs for Black WaterThe capital costs for the black water system include preliminary design works, civilworks for the communal tank, Mechanical & Electrical (M&E) equipment (low flushtoilet, level indicator, ventilation pipe, piping and fittings) and M&E installation (lowflush toilet, communal tank and piping). The calculations are based on the followingmain assumptions:- The cost of design work for new housing estates is divided between the blackwater system (30%) and grey water system (70%).UEMS_TEC_02_53_Final ECOSAN Costing Report_280905.