NUCIS number 12. September 2004. 52 pages (full ... - IAMZ - ciheam

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P. atlantica sub-sp. mutica trees P. atlantica sub-sp. kurdica treesForest of P. atlantica sub-sp. cabulicaLeaves of P. atlantica sub-sp. muticaLeaves of P. atlantica sub-sp. kurdicaDistribution of P. atlantica sub-sp. muticaLeaves of P. atlantica sub-sp. cabulica2.5-8 cm x 0.7-2 (-2.5) cm, obtuse orblunt at apex, never mucronate, at marginciliate, becoming glabrous, nerves inconspicuousor slightly conspicuous. Rachismarginate or narrowly winged. Maleinflorescence paniculate, 2-8.5 cm x 6-9.5cm, different in subspecies. Floweringtime early spring. Fruit drupe, with aromaticpericarp, seed oily (Rechinger 1969).WORLD GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTIONOF P. atlanticaP. atlantica is located in the Atlantic region,Turkey, Iran, Caucus, Afghanistan,Pakistan, Iraq, Syria, north Africa, and Algeria.However its origin is Iran, but it hasexpanded from east to southwest of Europeand from southeast to North of Africaand the Canary islands.P. atlantica subspecies in IranRechinger classified P. atlantica intothree subspecies: mutica, kurdica, cabulica(Rechinger 1969). However non-Iranianbotanists have not accepted thisclassification.P. atlantica subspecies mutica (Fishand May) Rech. 1969Rachis winged up to terminal leaflets,leaflets narrowly oblong, 3-8 cm x 1.5-3cm, at margin ciliate. Drupe slightlybroader than long. This subspecies is locatedin Turkey, Iran, and the Caucus. InIran, it is found in northwest, northeast,center, east and south including Azerbaijan,Esfahan, Kohkiloyeh Va Boyer-Ahmad,Fars, Kerman, Khorasan, Yazd,Semnan and Tehran provinces.28 FAO-CIHEAM - Nucis-Newsletter, Number 12 <strong>September</strong> 2004
Nuts of P. atlantica sub-sp. mutica Nuts of P. atlantica sub-sp. kurdica Nuts of P. atlantica sub-sp. cabulicaDistribution of P. atlantica sub-sp. kurdicaDistribution of P. atlantica sub-sp. cabulicaP. atlantica subspecies kurdica (Zohary)Rech. 1969Rachises winged up to terminal leaflets,leaflets ovate, 4-9 x 2-5 cm, glabrous orrarely ciliate at margin. Fruits depressedglobouse,5-8 mm x 8-10 mm. This subspecies,apart from Iran, is distributed inIraq, Syria, and Turkey. In Iran it is nativein Azarbaygan, Kurdestan, Kermanshahan,Kohkiloyeh Va Boyer-Ahmad, andTehran provinces.P. atlantica subspecies cabulica (Stocks)Rech. 1969Leaflets (2) 3-4 pairs, which are lanceolate,attenuated at the ends, 3-4 times longerthan broad. Drupe globous, withequal long and broad. This subspecies isfound in Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Iran.Its distribution in Iran is mainly limited tosoutheast and central parts of the countrywhere Hormozgan, Kerman and Balotchestanprovinces are placed.Ecological distribution of P. atlanticasubspeciesP. atlantica subspecies mutica is foundbetween 900-2800 m of hight. The meanyearly rainfall is between 200-400 mm inthese regions and the mean of yearly daytemperature is between 15-20 ºC.P. atlantica subspecies kurdica is distributedin hights between 900-2800 mwhere the yearly rain mean is about 500-600 mm and the average of yearly daytemperature is flanked by 5-15 ºC. Thedistribution of P. atlantica subspecies cabulicais essentially restricted to Iransoutheast where the hight of lands altersfrom 50 m to 2500 m. The subspecies cabulicais able to grow in poor soils. Themean rainfall in its growing places isyearly lower than 100 mm and increasesto 200 mm as maximum. The averageday temperatures are 15-25 ºC yearly. Itis the most tolerant subspecies regardinglow water requirements and standing hightemperatures (Behboodi 2003).CONCLUSIONSThe subspecies cabulica’s tolerance ishigher than in other P. atlantica subspeciesregarding enduring of xerothermicand warm weather. Thus to improve domesticpistachios we suggest to usesubspecies cabulica rootstocks for breedingwith cultivated rootstocks or to producenew rootstocks using P. vera x P.atlantica subspecies cabulica or P. khinjukx P. atlantica subspecies cabulica hybrids(Behboodi 2003).REFERENCESBehboodi B. Sh., 2003. Ecological distributionstudy of wild pistachios for selectionof rootstocks. CHEAM JournalOptions Mediterraneennes, in press.Behboodi B. Sh., 2003. Ecological distributionstudy of wild pistachios for selectionof rootstocks. XIII GREMPAMeeting on Pistachios and Almond, 1-5June, Mirandela, Portugal, AbstractBook.Rechinger K. H. (1969) Flora Des IranischenHochlandes Und Der UmaramendenGebirge. No.63. AkademischeDruck-u Verlagsanstalt, Graz (Austria)Behrooz Sh. BehboodiDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science,University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.E-mail: behboodi@khayam.ut.ac.irFAO-CIHEAM - Nucis-Newsletter, Number 12 <strong>September</strong> 200429
Page 1 and 2: N U C I SN E W S L E T T E RInforma
Page 3 and 4: The Nut Network on the webIn additi
Page 5 and 6: Figure 4.- Hard turron ‘Alicante
Page 7 and 8: Figure 2. Percentage of damaged you
Page 9 and 10: ALMOND GENES IN P. webbiiAnalysis o
Page 11 and 12: GENETIC MAPPINGSeveral intraspecifi
Page 13 and 14: Figure 1. Infected shoots showing b
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Page 19 and 20: Picture 4. - Pistachio shelling mac
Page 21 and 22: Figure 3. Tree and nuts of ‘Mateu
Page 23 and 24: S. Kafkas 1 , I. Acar 2 , H. Gozel
Page 25 and 26: B. E. Ak standing close to a young
Page 27: Leaves of P.veraThese forests exten
Page 31 and 32: GERMPLASM COLLECTIONOF Pistacia AT
Page 33 and 34: WHERE IN A PISTACHIO TREEIS Xanthom
Page 35 and 36: Figure 4.- Capilla Figure 5.- Comis
Page 37 and 38: ootstock choice, although recently
Page 39 and 40: Hargreaves G. 2003. World round-up
Page 41 and 42: NOTES AND NEWSIN MEMORIAM:MY PROFES
Page 43 and 44: Participants of the VI Internationa
Page 45 and 46: (2000) and finally Tarragona, Spain
Page 47 and 48: Plant Systematics and Evolution, 23
Page 49 and 50: static pollen applicator developmen
Page 51 and 52: Kevers, C; Bisbis, B; Crevecoeur, M

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