Australian Aid to PNG - AusAID

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BOX 5.6 KEY ACHIEVEMENTS OF AUSTRALIAN AID FOR INFRASTRUCTURERoads & Bridges• Upgraded or maintained approximately 25% of the national road network(2,130 kilometres of rural roads and highways).• Upgraded or replaced 18 bridges, and provided maintenance for 60 bridges across11 provinces.• Constructed 7 remote footbridges.• Constructed one wharf.• Provided training for 112 Department of Works staff.• Improved road design specifications, and construction and maintenancedocumentation.• Rebuilt 21 kilometres of urban roads in Lae, together with associated works.• Rehabilitated and maintained roads on Bougainville, including 302 kilometres ofthe coastal trunk road, 25 kilometres of feeder roads and the repair of 45 bridgesand causeways.• Upgraded rural roads (44kms) and the highway (4.6km) for Kokopo township,following the Rabaul volcano eruption.Civil Aviation• Maintenance of 19 of 22 of PNG’s national airports since 1992.• Established and supported PNG Civil Aviation Authority, including throughprovision of training in engineering and technical design, construction supervisionand management, and administration.• Upgraded 3 airports.• Resealed 9 airstrips.• Installed 17 navigation facilities.• Improved maintenance management systems and procedures.• Upgraded communications systems.• Improved aviation safety.Other Construction• Provided major infrastructure for Kokopo township to assist victims displaced bythe volcanic eruption at Rabaul, and construction of a high school, 3 communityschools, 4 community resource centres, a business college, police headquarters,police station and police accommodation.• Enhanced water security for more than 6,000 people in Lae through installation ofstorage tanks to double water supply capacity to 26 million litres.• Restored radio services to Bougainville province to support the peace process.46 The Contribution of Australian Aid to Papua New Guinea’s Development 1975–2000
5.5 Renewable ResourcesIn total, Australia has provided aid totalling A$200 million since independence,mainly in support of agricultural development and research, but also across allother renewable resources sub-sectors. Australia’s assistance has been limited tospecific priority concerns, and has covered a very wide range of issues, makingit difficult to isolate the impact of Australia’s contribution to improveddevelopment performance at a higher level. Also, broader impacts have notbeen well documented in individual project reports. Nevertheless, from themajor project outputs that have been documented, it is possible to concludethat Australian assistance has been carefully targeted to address some issues ofcritical importance. One can infer from the success of these aid activities thatthis aid has achieved some positive development impacts. 26 For example,Australian aid was instrumental in developing and introducing cost-effectivestrategies and technologies to deal with the serious problem of coffee rust.While objective data on the impact of this are not available, these initiativesincreased the quantity of coffee produced by plantations and smallholders,presumably increasing the revenue from this important crop.BOX 5.7 IMPACTS OF AUSTRALIAN AID ON THE MANAGEMENT ANDPROTECTION OF RENEWABLE RESOURCESAgriculture• Developed a world first laboratory scale micro-fermentation system, enabling a“quickening" of the cocoa clone development cycle. The system was claimed to beuseful internationally for assisting with the release of improved cocoa clones. Therevised breeding program was expected to lead to improved clones in the late1990s which, if and when fully adopted, would increase export values by over$1 million per annum.• Improved the quality of cocoa through development of a mini-box fermenter, anappropriate farm-level processing technology that was expected to add aboutK80 per tonne to the value of cocoa. From a smallholder's perspective this wouldequate to an internal rate of return of between 9 and 15%.• Rehabilitated some 500 copra and cocoa driers on Bougainville, significantlyincreasing potential farm incomes and local community business opportunities.• Developed appropriate, lower-cost coffee rust spraying technology valued atalmost K1.0 million per annum to the plantation sector, with no negative impactfrom chemical residues.26Although this rapid assessment has not had time to examine this area in depth, it appears likely from theachievements documented that Australia’s aid has probably had disproportionate positive benefits, ie. greaterbenefits from lower but very targeted expenditure.The Contribution of Australian Aid to Papua New Guinea’s Development 1975–2000 47
Page 5 and 6:
BOXESBox 3.1 The Dutch Disease in P
Page 7 and 8:
FOREWORDAs part of a broader focus
Page 11 and 12: programs to improve living standard
Page 13 and 14: sector since independence, 65% has
Page 15 and 16: 1 INTRODUCTIONThis report provides
Page 17 and 18: Figure 2.1 Real GDP per capita in P
Page 19 and 20: 1985 1990 1995 2000PNG HPC LIC LMC
Page 21 and 22: significant strain on the budget an
Page 23 and 24: • Improved central coordination a
Page 25 and 26: Connell (1998, pp. 311-2) highlight
Page 27 and 28: y the successful mobilisation of cu
Page 29 and 30: 3 INTERPRETING THE DEVELOPMENT ANDG
Page 31 and 32: The estimated increase in private c
Page 33 and 34: 3.4 Reconciling the Growth and Deve
Page 35 and 36: 3.5 Implications for AidTo summaris
Page 37 and 38: Although the precise extent of the
Page 39 and 40: program saw a decline in the overal
Page 41 and 42: criticism that the withdrawal of Au
Page 43 and 44: Ministerial Forum found that real p
Page 45 and 46: management for Papua New Guinea, ov
Page 47 and 48: 5 THE IMPACT OF AUSTRALIAN AID INPA
Page 49 and 50: • Improved retention rates at sch
Page 51 and 52: • Achieved operational efficienci
Page 53 and 54: policing are being introduced, alon
Page 55 and 56: deliver community and public servic
Page 57 and 58: BOX 5.5 HEALTH IMPACTS OF AUSTRALIA
Page 59: also improved 24 , and there is evi
Page 63 and 64: Land Use Management• Established
Page 65 and 66: New Guinea needs donor financing fo
Page 67 and 68: only assist within the context of t
Page 69 and 70: Both within sectors and more broadl
Page 71 and 72: However, it seems reasonable to arg
Page 73 and 74: useful to document the findings of
Page 75 and 76: ANNEX A EVOLUTION OF AUSTRALIAN AID
Page 77 and 78: ANNEX B SECTOR BREAKDOWN OF AUSTRAL
Page 79 and 80: 8 REFERENCESAhai, N., 1988, The Dev
Page 81 and 82: Garnaut, R., and Baxter, P., 1984,
Page 83 and 84: Growth Strategy, Final Report, prep
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Australian Aid to PNG - AusAID

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