- Page 1 and 2: ManagmentGuidelinesfor theWelfare o
- Page 3 and 4: MANAGEMENT GUIDELINESFOR THE WELFAR
- Page 5: Table of ContentsManagement Guideli
- Page 9 and 10: 5. Elephants are large and intellig
- Page 11: Section 2: BIOLOGY AND FIELD DATAA:
- Page 14: 2.2 MorphologyTable II. MORPHOLOGIC
- Page 17 and 18: Features of the elephant’s reprod
- Page 19 and 20: Fig. 2. Map showing current and for
- Page 21 and 22: Table IV. AFRICAN ELEPHANT NUMBERSR
- Page 23 and 24: populations using this method; the
- Page 25 and 26: obtained from the wildlife resource
- Page 27 and 28: and bots. For a comprehensive list
- Page 29 and 30: condition and increase the likeliho
- Page 31 and 32: animals in Sri Lanka as well as dir
- Page 33 and 34: COMMUNICATIONElephants, being large
- Page 35 and 36: Section 3: MANAGEMENT IN CAPTIVITY3
- Page 37 and 38: to North America in 1796 and the fi
- Page 39 and 40: and a lack of foraging opportunitie
- Page 41 and 42: protected contact until a full revi
- Page 43 and 44: enrichment and access to food (see
- Page 45 and 46: Adequate food storage areas MUST be
- Page 47 and 48: Fig 7a. Example of a good outside a
- Page 49 and 50: Most facilities in the British Isle
- Page 51 and 52: Table V. SUMMARY OF DIET COMPOSITIO
- Page 53 and 54: prevent obesity and associated heal
- Page 55 and 56: than the average zinc content of th
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RECOMMENDATIONSBased on (Ullrey et
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Stereotypies may be a mechanism whe
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• Control/predictability. Ideally
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Fig. 8b A waterfall in an enriched
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institutions MUST exchange keepers
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Reproductive Biology Department at
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eadily available and the results ta
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• Ultrasound examination and iden
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within an individual, thus a partic
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130 kg, the last having a survival
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The goal should be to give cows exp
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Fig. 10. Elephant births in Europea
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Mason report are never used. Method
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incidents as appropriate. To facili
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einforcer. Classical conditioning t
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process. More than one handler may
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• An opportunity to evaluate the
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cdFig. 11. Elephants in protected c
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or operant conditioning. Only posit
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• In FC positive and negative rei
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the ERD, it should be used daily an
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Training captive born elephantsWhen
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processed, written out and implemen
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There are some acceptable justifica
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3.12 Standard Operating Procedure:
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Fig. 13. Three sizes of ankus, show
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Storage: when not carried by an aut
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• Current equipment should be ass
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FirearmsWhen elephants are being mo
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• Alpha-2-agonists• Xylazine is
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Pre-shipment ScreeningPrior to tran
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observation for an hour after vacci
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Clostridial enterotoxaemia, see und
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measure of improvement in early cas
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metritis have all been described (M
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Fractures and longitudinal splits.
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management in zoos, their conservat
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After 1 the publication of the firs
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Some of the more unfortunate events
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• Is a further SOP required?• A
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Broughton of HSE and Robert Landrid
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Barina, A., Reidl, M., Schmid, L.,
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Carlstead, K. & Kleiman, D. 1998. B
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Dineley, J. 1984. Operant condition
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Fraser, D., Phillips, P.A. & Thomps
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Hildebrandt, T., Göritz, F., Schno
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Khyne U Mar 2001. The studbook of t
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Leong, K.M., Burks, K., Rizkalla, C
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Moss, C. & Poole, J.H. 1983. Relati
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Olson, D. & Wiese, R.J. 2000. State
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Rasmussen, L.E. & Schulte, B.A. 199
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Schmid, J. 1995. Keeping circus ele
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Stewart, D.R., Stabenfeldt, G.H. &
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Wallace, C., Ingram, K. & Dierenfel
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Section 6: Appendices6.1 Appendix 1
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Trunk (up)Trunk downTurn- curl trun
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6.1.2 Appendix 1.1: Calf Training 1
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this time be used to the sight and
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These commands allow routine good h
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6.2 Appendix 2: Correct Application
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6.3 Appendix 3: Risk Assessments 1T
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6.4 Appendix 4: Elephant Profiles6.
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6.5 Appendix 5: Staff training 1A g
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March 2003Example from Woburn Safar
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(a.)Please indicate (tick) the type
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6.6.2 Table of results of nutrition
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6.6.3 Table List of plant species u
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Table 1 Selected vitamin E suppleme
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6.7 Appendix 7: Elephant Survey Res
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more acceptable to changes within a
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and Port Lympne (total of 4). All e
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Summary for outdoor: All collection
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Musth period and durationEight male
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eing fed or when waiting to come in
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6.8 Appendix 8: Elephant TAG Survey
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If ‘Yes’ under what circumstanc
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MALE ELEPHANTPlease photocopy as ne
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If ‘Yes’, approximate number of
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14 Any particular circumstances whe
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6.9 Appendix 9: Appendix Research P
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disadvantages include the negative