Special Annual Report Issue - AgGeorgia Farm Credit

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For each 100 pounds of fiber produced by the cotton plant,it also produces about 162 pounds of cottonseed.of products ranging from mattress stuffingto photographic film. After the linters areremoved, the seed is put through a machinethat employs a series of knives to loosen thehulls from the kernel. The seeds are thenpassed through shakers and beaters.The separated hulls are marketed forlivestock feed or industrial products andthe kernels are ready for the extraction ofoil, the seed’s most valuable byproduct.Solvent extraction or presses remove theoil. After further processing, the oil is usedin cooking or salad oil, shortening andmargarine. Limited quantities also go intosoaps, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, textilefinishes and other products. The remainingmeat of the kernel is converted into meal,the second most valuable by-product. Highin protein, it is used in feed for all classesof livestock and poultry. Cottonseed mealmakes an excellent natural fertilizer forlawns, flower beds and gardens.Yarn ProductionModernization efforts have broughtmajor changes to the U.S. textile industry.Equipment has been streamlined and manyoperations have been fully automated withcomputers. Machine speeds have greatlyincreased. At most mills the opening ofcotton bales is fully automated. Lint fromseveral bales is mixed and blended togetherto provide a uniform blend of fiber properties.To ensure that the new high-speedautomated feeding equipment performs atpeak efficiency and that fiber propertiesare consistent, computers group the balesfor production/feeding according to fiberproperties.The blended lint is blown by air fromthe feeder through chutes to cleaning andcarding machines that separate and alignthe fibers into a thin web. Carding machinescan process cotton in excess of 100 poundsper hour. The web of fibers at the front ofthe card is then drawn through a funnelshapeddevice called a trumpet, providinga soft, rope-like strand called a sliver (pronouncedSLY-ver). As many as eight strandsof sliver are blended together in the drawingprocess. Drawing speeds have increased tremendouslyover the past few years and nowcan exceed 1,500 feet per minute.Roving frames draw or draft the sliversout even more thinly and add a gentle twistas the first step in ring spinning of yarn.Ring spinning machines further draw theroving and add twist making it tighter andthinner until it reaches the yarn thicknessor “count” needed for weaving or knittingfabric. The yarns can be twisted many timesper inch. Ring spinning frames continue toplay a role in this country, but open-endspinning, with rotors that can spin five tosix times as fast as a ring spinning machine,are becoming more widespread. In openendspinning, yarn is produced directly fromsliver. The roving process is eliminated.Other spinning systems have alsoeliminated the need for roving, as well asaddressing the key limitation of both ringand open-end spinning, which is mechanicaltwisting. These systems, air jet andVortex, use compressed air currents to stabilizethe yarn. By removing the mechanicaltwisting methods, air jet and Vortex arefaster and more productive than any othershort-staple spinning system. After spinning,the yarns are tightly wound aroundbobbins or tubes and are ready for fabricforming. Ply yarns are two or more singleyarns twisted together. Cord is plied yarntwisted together.FabricManufacturingCotton fabric manufacturing startswith the preparation of the yarn for weavingor knitting. Annually, textile mills in theU.S. normally produce about eight billionsquare yards each of woven and three billionsquare yards of knitted cotton goods.Cotton fabrics, as they come fromthe loom in their rough, unfinished stages,are known as greige goods. Most undergovarious finishing processes to meet specificend-use requirements. Some mills, in additionto spinning and weaving, also dye orprint their fabrics and finish them. Otherssell greige goods to converters who have thecloth finished in independent plants.Finishing processes are numerous andcomplex, reflecting today’s tremendousrange and combination of colors, texturesand special qualities. In its simplest form,finishing includes cleaning and preparingthe cloth, dyeing or printing it and thentreating it to enhance performance characseeCotton, page 31AgGeorgia.20.Winter 2007
AgGeorgia.21.Winter 2007
Page 1 and 2: Inside:Special Annual Report Issue
Page 3 and 4: Table of ContentsThe annual AgGeorg
Page 5 and 6: When naturalist William Bartram exp
Page 7: Fresh Strawberry Cake1st Place Cake
Page 12 and 13: The Key to YourMortgage FinancingWh
Page 14 and 15: insured against theft, and where ap
Page 16 and 17: Cotton:From Field to FabricArticle
Page 18 and 19: The cotton belt spans the southern
Page 22 and 23: 2006 Farm Family of the Year -Broad
Page 24 and 25: It Was Hogs To Muscadines ForGeorgi
Page 26 and 27: AgGeorgia Farm Credit -Ag Loans and
Page 28 and 29: Whether you’re expanding your ope
Page 30 and 31: AgGeorgia Farm Credit is not only a
Page 32 and 33: Annual ReportAGGEORGIA FARMAgGeorgi
Page 34 and 35: Annual ReportAgGeorgia Farm Credit,
Page 36 and 37: (UNAUDITED)(UNAUDITED)Annual Report
Page 52 and 53: Annual ReportAg Georgia Farm Credit
Page 54 and 55: Annual ReportAg Georgia Farm Credit
Page 68: Office LocationsCartersville1300 Ea

Special Annual Report Issue - AgGeorgia Farm Credit

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