ERIKS nv - O-ring Technical Handbook

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Sealing ElementsTechnical Handbook O-rings4. Basic ElastomersChemical Terms, Abbreviations, and Trade NamesChemical Term ASTM Designated Polymer Trade NamesAbbreviationAcrylonitrile Butadiene NBR Chemigum ® , Nipol ® , Krynac ® , Paracril ® , Perbunan N ® , Buna N ®Highly Saturated Nitrile HNBR Therban ® , Zetpol ®Carboxylated Nitrile XNBR Nipol ® , Krynac ® , Chemigum ®Fluorocarbon FKM Viton ® , Fluorel ® , Technoflon ®Ethylene Propylene EP, EPDM, EPT, EPR Nordel ® , Royalene ® Vistalon ® , Buna EP ® , Keltan ®Styrene Butadiene SBR Ameripol Synpol ® , SBR ® , Plioflex ® , Stereon ®Polychloroprene CR Neoprene, Baypren ® , Butaclor ®Isobutylene Isoprene IIR Butyl ®Silicone VMQ, PMQ, PVMQ Silastic ® , SILPLUS ® , Elastosil, Wacker ®Fluorosilicone FVMQ FSE ® , Silastic ® , Sylon ®Polyacrylate ACM Cyanacryl ® , HyTemp ® , Thiacril ®Ethylene Acrylic AEM Vamac ®Chlorosulfonated Polyethylene CSM Hypalon ®Epichlorohydrin ECO/CO Gechron ® , Hydrin ®Polyisoprene• Natural NR SMR ® , Pale Crepe ® , Smoked Sheet ®• Synthetic IR Ameripol SN ® , Natsyn ®Polyurethane (Polyester or Polyether) AU or EU Adiprene ® , Millathane ® , Vibrathane ® , Vulkolan ® , PURPerfluoroelastomer FFKM Kalrez ® , Isolast ® , Chemraz ® , Simriz ® , Parafluor ® , PerlastThe following are registered trademarks of their respective companies:Cyancryl - American Cyanamid Co.; Ameripol CB, Ameripol SN, Ameripol Synpol - Ameripol Synpol Co.; Butaclor - distigil; Silastic - Dow Corning Corp.;Hypalon, Nordel, Vamac, Viton - DuPont Performance Elastomers; Vistalon - Exxon Chemical Co.; Stereon- Firestone Tire & Rubber Co.; FSE, SILPLUS -General Electric Co.; Budene, Chemigum, Natsyn, Philoflex - Goodyear Rubber Products Corp.; Herclor - Hercules Inc.; Aflas, dyneon, sylon - DyneonCo.; Hydrin, Hy Temp, Gechron, Nipol, Zetpol - Zeon Chemicals Inc.; Krynac, Taktene, Tornac, Perbunan N, Buna EP, Baypren, Therban - BayerCorp.; Millathane - TSE Industries, Inc.; Adiprene, Royalene, Paracril, Thiacril, Vibrathane; Uniroyal, Inc.21All the information in this documentation has been compiled with the greatest of care.Despite this we can bear no responsibility whatsoever for any errors present in the documentation. The recommendations are intended as guidelines.www.eriks.info
Sealing ElementsTechnical Handbook O-rings5. Designing with RubberIn designing an O-ring seal, it is important to determine the O-ring compoundearly, as the compound selected may have an influence on the gland design. Theapplication determines the rubber compound, the primary factor being the fluid to besealed. But the elastomer must also resist extrusion when exposed to the maximumanticipated pressure and be capable of maintaining good physical properties throughthe full temperature range expected.This chapter discusses the next criteria that must be considered like compressionset, hardness, tensile strength, chemical compatibility, thermal effects, pressure,and extrusion. Data and procedures enabling the designer to meet particularrequirements or obtain specific performance from the seal will be found in thischapter.Compression Set and SqueezeCompression set is the percentage of deflection that the elastomer fails to recoverafter a fixed period of time under a specific squeeze and temperature. Compressionset is a very important sealing factor, because it is a measure of the expected loss ofresiliency or "memory" of a compound. Compression set is generally determined inair and measured as a percentage of original deflection. Although it is desirable tohave a low compression set value, this is not so critical as it might appear becauseof actual service variables. For instance, an O-ring may continue to seal after takinga 100% compression set, provided the temperature and system pressure remainsteady and no motion or force causes a break in the line of seal contact. Also,swelling caused by contact with the service fluid, may compensate for compressionset. The condition most to be feared is the combination of high compression setand shrinkage. This will lead to seal failure unless exceptionally high squeeze isemployed. Compression set is calculated as follows:C =t 0- t 1t 0- t sx 100 %LoadSqueezecCompressionsett 0t 1tsOriginalO-ring WUnderLoadAfter test and30 min. relaxationCompression set illustration22All the information in this documentation has been compiled with the greatest of care.Despite this we can bear no responsibility whatsoever for any errors present in the documentation. The recommendations are intended as guidelines.www.eriks.info
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