sio, Itz ¿oy., e s erteta dt. /911.inva, fA-12".-9v-ark.v.¿A1 1.1 í t. la ote.L",, clip-rce. [un , -Cairvtil,4r) a4 604-4,1¿_, e.,..,.1, Can-, GtiL- , -00CrPel CLAAA- 14.4 fri-C1.44 e/l/t. ote.t/S , t'A" 12-£4 a/Yfde *-te.44.-;4~ / a..4r-e4-tx-, 'ec4.4A.Az/ .e4.~,Co.ceJvc : c catea ;~clo e-, 44- e, pict..„... rdV rn,,,w,0 c r -k- J e.: to 4,1 CArra,F AA, cito. re - 12.1...„ D. 4NCWs.4 C2.4 o-1"o- wyvivc,trut". r sa--s r e. e.,19./4 1 o ctfe, (A., 71,a-iit~W«Mi: 4,,,wcZn e.u..~Sho ce-.-e~eMi.4 Cin/L,VN Ott.irfnx.4v-- veit,ts. ot.,1.4,,pv i .,e42, mo-n, cttiezin £4, nu r n ^,o...!-r. rvr2e- -'":"% LA,e, a/ /k-4-' ■11 &vi 4ÁLL 1.4.kAah,ob,„ ~VI lf1:0104 /a,a.an aln-OLE~W Xr¿Vb 01.4,/,L1. 5viitCrY . V‹ p4f< awLZZ 4/1" *VIA•4~ZikiLerwv-~ Ca.Anr /UN' Ota.A/U-,4, 1 ,; ot o t e -■í:vtr/ 1 9.- t0--eAlk.2.4 A j C421.- 4-e.4,144:04- 74;^^""--to''' •••, WP;-0"7 Ie.,. cay,e4Eva wv tre44, ta. V44.vartz-ZY1 2 .- airy~19, a áz-t. YeP c,o,„.rnivt4,1jour
COMPARISON OF HANDWRITINGS 27disputed signature from this average is quite big. Our figuresgive us the fact that in the disputed signature the length of thesignature, measured from the staff of "J" in "Jose" to the end of"1" in "Rizal" on the base line of the signature in proportion to theaverage height of small letters, is greater than the correspondingratio of the three signatures, the former giving a value of 14.23as against the latter average value of 12.18. The same lengthin proportion to the average height of the short small lettersminusthe "1" and the "z"—is much longer in the retractionthan the corresponding ratio in the three signatures, the formergiving a value of 26.3 as against the average value of 16.18. Thismeans that the signature of the disputed retraction was moreproportionally extended than the three constant signatures. Thesame length in proportion to the average height of capital lettersgave fair values with negligible differences. The same length inproportion to the average height of both "1" and "z" gave theratio of 6.64 in the retraction lower than any of the correspondingratio in the other three signatures having an average of 7.45. Thismeans that in proportion, the "1" and "z" of the retraction werelonger than the respective letters of the three signatures. Withthe "1" alone, as the figures show, the retraction gave a highervalue than the other figures, which means that the "1" of theretraction was shorter in proportion than the "1" of the othersignatures. In proportion with the "z", the value for the retractionwas smaller than any value of the corresponding ratio of theother signatures. This means that the "z" of the retraction waslonger than the "z" of the other signatures.That the value obtained in the computation of the ratiosof certain values of the signature of the retraction gave us a widerdifference in comparing them with the average values of the threestandards than the relative difference of the three individualsignatures from their average value, exeept only in the ratio of thelength to the average height of capital letters, cannot be overlookedin this attempt to determine the character of this document ofretraction.That the signature of the retraction was more extended thanthe three signatures is the interpretation we can legitimatelydraw from our computations. That this was so, is explained bythe fact that if the writer of the signature of the retraction wasonly copying, his attempt to put into his copy every visible characteristicof the original he was copying would make his writing
- Page 1 and 2: -1, 41V , , , ,,! • " 9 .41.3.,.,
- Page 5 and 6: COPYRIGHT, 1935BYRICARDO R. PASCUAL
- Page 7 and 8: PREFACEIt has always been said that
- Page 9 and 10: PREFACEIXin which we live. It would
- Page 11 and 12: Proface— CONTENTS —Page...... v
- Page 13 and 14: JOSE RIZAL BEYOND THE GRAVEA VINDIC
- Page 15 and 16: INTRODUCTION 3family the trouble of
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- Page 19 and 20: CHAPTER IITHE DOCUMENTThe document,
- Page 21 and 22: THE DOCUMENT 9stroke before breakin
- Page 23 and 24: CHAPTER IIICOMPARISON OF HANDWRITIN
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- Page 31 and 32: COMPARISON OF HANDWRITINGS 19stroke
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- Page 35 and 36: COIVIPARISON OF HANDWRITINGS 23not
- Page 37: COMPARISON OF HANDWRITINGS 25but a
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- Page 53 and 54: TEXTUAL CRITICISM 41"The text copie
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- Page 61 and 62: TEXTUAL CRITICISM 49substituted phr
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- Page 69 and 70: BY WAY OF DISPROOFS 57the first day
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THE QUESTION OF HISTORICITY 77both
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THE QUESTION OF HISTORICITY 79Fig.
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CHAPTER VIITHE PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT
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PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT 83medy it. Con
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PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT 85laguer, hims
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PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT 87in the error
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F. XIX. The enlarged reproduction o
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90 RIZAL BEYOND THE GRAVEto God. Hi
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92 RIZAL BEYOND THE GRAVEAs to the
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94 RIZAL BEYOND THE GRAVEideals com
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96 RIZAL BEYOND THE GRAVEstantial e
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98 RIZAL BEYOND THE GRAVEmatter of
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100 RIZAL BEYOND THE GRAVE"Paine wa
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Fig. XX. The juxtaposed arrangement
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104 RIZAL BEYOND THE GRAVEhave occu
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106 RIZAL BEYOND THE GRAVEthe kind
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108 RIZAL BEYOND THE GRAVEclaimed t
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110 RIZAL BEYOND THE GRAVEdissemina
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112 RIZAL BEYOND THE GRAVEfrom many
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114 RIZAL BEYOND THE GRAVEhad reall
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116 RIZAL BEYOND THE GRAVEgrination
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Fig. XXI. The reproduction of the l
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120 RIZAL BEYOND THE GRAVEthat he w
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122 RIZAL BEYOND THE GRAVEwhy. Then
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124 RIZAL BEYOND THE GRAVEour inabi
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126 RIZAL BEYOND THE GRAVEthe depar
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128 RIZAL BEYOND THE GRAVEbe condem
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130 RIZAL BEYOND THE GRAVEminus the
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132 RIZAL BEYOND THE GRAVEand signe
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134 RIZAL BEYOND THE GRAVEin the ca
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136 RIZAL BEYOND THE GRAVE"The reco
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mul mummummegagmummummummummummgzum
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140 RIZAL BEYOND THE GRAVEhas taken
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142 RIZAL BEYOND THE GRAVEbut when
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144 RIZAL BEYOND THE GRAVEactually
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146 RIZAL BEYOND THE GRAVEaccount .
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148 RIZAL BEYOND THE GRAVE(could we
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150 RIZAL BEYOND THE GRAVEhe a simp
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152 RIZAL BEYOND THE GRAVE"Look, Fa
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154 RIZAL BEYOND THE GRAVEAgain let
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156 RIZAL BEYOND THE GRAVEsoul feel
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158 RIZAL BEYOND THE GRAVE"Rizal, l
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160 RIZAL BEYOND THE GRAVEchildren
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162 RIZAL BEYOND THE GRAVEenemies t
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164 RIZAL BEYOND THE GRAVEto prove
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166 RIZAL BEYOND THE GRAVEif by Chr
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168 RIZAL BEYOND THE GRAVEthe dawn
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170 RIZAL BEYOND THE GRAVEthus inva
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172 RIZAL BEYOND THE GRAVEphilosoph
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174 RIZAL BEYOND THE GRAVEWhat does
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176 RIZAL BEYOND THE GRAVELet there
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178 RIZAL BEYOND THE GRAVEthis poin
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180 RIZAL BEYOND THE GRAVEConsidera
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Fig. XXIV. The la.st leiter of Dr.
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184 RIZAL BEYOND THE GRAVEof rebell
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186 RIZAL BEYOND THE GRAVEEl Doctor