Dissertation

4.3. Response of O. pugnax to crude metathoracic gland extracts in a y-tube olfactometer.A single adult was presented with a choice of one concentration (full, 0.25 or 0.125) ofextracts dissolved in dichloromethane and applied to a filter disc or a filter disc treatedwith an equivalent volume of dichloromethane and given 15 minutes to make a choice.Non-responders were not included in the analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 494.4. First experiment of 2011. Field plots were sprayed with a synthetic blend of the fourmost abundant MTG compounds or a control solution (30% ethanol). Plots weresampled for O. pugnax using a sweep net 30, 60 and 120 minutes after spraying . . . . . 504.5. Second experiment of 2011. Field plots were sprayed with a synthetic blend of the fourmost abundant MTG compounds or a control solution (30% ethanol). Plots weresampled for O. pugnax using a sweep net 30, 60 and 120 minutes after spraying. . . . . . 515.1. Mean weight of 21d old D. saccharalis larvae reared on diet that incorporated fourdifferent phenolic compounds at one of six rates. Weight at each dietary concentrationis expressed as a percentage of D. saccharalis fed diet with no phenolic compoundadded.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 635.2. Mean weight of 10d old S. frugiperda larvae larvae reared on diet that incorporated fourdifferent phenolic compounds at one of six rates. Weight at each dietary concentrationis expressed as a percentage of S. frugiperda fed diet with no phenolic compound added.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 645.3. Structures of four related phenylpropanoid compounds. a) Caffeic acid; b) Cinnamicacid; c) p-Coumaric acid; and d) Ferulic acid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67vi