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36 DRC / DANISH REFUGEE COUNCILTable 4: Organisations implementing Cash-based initiatives in AfghanistanOrganizationCashchosenmodalityACF CFW andconditional cashgrants for thosewho cannot workDFID Mobile cashtransfer (throughImplementingNGOs: ACTED,Afghan Aid, andAction Aid)PIN CFW andconditional cashgrants for thosewho cannot workBeneficiaryselectionCDCsHouseholdsurveyMarketstudyCDCsHouseholdSurveyCDCs byusingFGDsSurveysand marketanalysisType of beneficiariesWomen,affectedvulnerabledisasterfamilies,Farmers and disasteraffected families(drought)Disaster affectedfamilies;Vulnerable families;those who cannotworkCahsdistributionmodalityHawalasystemM PAISAHawalasystemAreas ofworkRuralRural/urbanRuralGTZ CFW and CDCsconditional for Surveythose who cannotwork andunconditional cashto disaster affectedfamiliesWHH CFW ThroughcamprepresentativesNRC Cash for Shelter Survey,fieldassessmenVulnerable householdsaffected by thedrought; skilled andunskilled labourersCamp residents in KISReturnees and IDPsand vulnerablehouseholdsDirectcashtransferDirectcashtransfertWFP Voucher Widows and disabled VoucherthroughKabulBankUSAID Mobile CashTransferCDCsSurveyWidows and disabled,with a probableextensionTransferthroughAIBRuralKISRural/urbanUrbanUrban with afocus on thebest-offExamples of cash-based approaches in Afghanistan underline this type of approach remains possiblein the Afghan context. Focus of assistance, however, remains mainly rural – a paradoxical situationgiven the higher potential access to functioning markets and services optimizing the use of cashgrants in urban areas. WHH’s experience in the KIS, however, highlighted specific challenges inKabul Informal Settlements. This emphasizes the importance of an accurate assessment ofconditions for the implementation of cash-based approaches in the KIS. The following sections sheda specific light on: 2 variables (access to market and security) as well as 3 challenges (politicalacceptability, access to basic services, and artificial in-migration) that should be cautiously weightedand considered while designing a cash-based initiative in the Kabul informal settlements.