Lighting Design + Application • October 2003 - Illuminating ...

financial institution will have the necessaryincentive to invest in them.Finally, there is the issue of askinglocal and regional utilities to employsustainable energy efficiency strategies,which would reduce the baseload and peak load demand of theircustomers.After all, the individual utilitywould be asked to sacrifice a sizableportion of their revenue streamto effectuate any such energy efficiency.Obviously, this disincentive for theutilities has created one of the largesthurdles to a practical approach to displacingcurrent electrical capacity.Ultimately,a sustainable energy efficiencystrategy may be the only solutionevery stakeholder in the energypolicy debate (regulators, politicians,consumers, utilities, environmentalist,etc.) can agree on, especially if utilitiesand transmission lines are allowed toreceive an adequate return on investment.In particular, recent studies suggest100,000 megawatts, or 200power plants of 500 megawatts, ofelectricity, could be saved by employingnew technologies combined withrobust energy efficient initiatives.There are several ways in which allparties could employ the strategyimmediately. One possible answerwould be the creation of state andnational energy portfolio standards.Another answer would be a “greenpricing” approach to customer billing.Each would provide a vehicle toincentivize utilities to assist their customersin energy efficiency efforts.Finally, the most inexpensive andeasiest answer would be for theFederal Government to create significanttax breaks for energy efficiencysources that can deliver measurableand verifiable results with a largeenough return on investment to satisfyglobal competitive needs. By takinglarge amounts of current consumptionoff of the national grid throughan energy efficiency strategy, the U.S.can take a more rational approach totransmission issues and new powerplants. Economic development, statesrights, global competitiveness, federalcooperation and the environmentwould be the benefactors of such anapproach.Stephen HeinsOrion Energy Systems, Plymouth,WIMore Cheesecake, PleaseWe enjoyed the article about TheCheesecake Factory in your September2003 edition of LD+A (p. 32).Lighting Design Alliance did an amazingjob with the design and we haveenjoyed collaborating with them inthe past. Although the article saysthat the restaurant at Palisades Mallwhich opened this past May was thefirst location to have a lighting designer,The Ruzika Company had thehonor of collaborating with TheCheesecake Factory and ownerDavid Overton in 1986 and 1989 attheir Redondo Beach and WoodlandHills locations in California.Jenna SteinThe Ruzika Company. Irvine, CAWhat The #%@&Happened?I enjoyed reading Randy Burkett’sarticle in the September issue (p. 42,“#%@…Does Your Client UnderstandYou?”) and was delighted to seea few renderings done with ourAGI32 software product included.Unfortunately (#%@&), two of thefour AGI32 images should have creditsassociated to give the authors duerespect (the others were created byRandy Burkett Lighting Design orLighting Analysts).The façade image (p. 44, middle,left) was created by Mike Noon ofPalindrome Lighting Design in Baltimore,MD, as a design scenario forStandard Oil Company, while thesmall office scene (p. 44, bottom,right) was created by Erik Svanholmof Zumtobel Staff Lighting for marketingpurposes.Please keep up the great work.Your publication is an asset to thelighting industry and the IESNA.David M. SpeerLighting Analysts, Inc., Littleton, COExit, Stage RightThat was an excellent article in theOctober 2003 edition of LD+A (“Careers& Hiring,” p. 16 ). I pretty muchknew about all the things you “shoulddo” regarding notices, counter offers,resignations and such, but I learnedvaluable new nuggets of wisdom inthe “what not to do” category—suchas what not to say during an exitinterview.Glynn E. Batla,CEM, LC, CLEP, CDSM, CLMCSempra Energy Solutions, Houston

RESEARCH MATTERSEfficient Lighting Through a Self-luminous Mode ApproachYukio Akashi, Ph.D.Lighting ResearchCenterSUCCESSFUL LIGHTING INretail settings helps capture customers’attention and focus it on themerchandise for sale. To do this, displayaccent lighting uses high illuminanceratios, in the range of 15:1 to30:1, between an object and its background(Philips Lighting, 1991). IESNA(2001) suggests using accent ratios of5:1 (for low theatrical effect), 10:1 (fordoubling the perceived brightness)and 15:1 (for theatrical effect). Upscaledepartment stores might usetwo or three 60-W PAR lamps toachieve an accent ratio of 5:1 for a display.This can result in lighting powerdensities that often exceed five wattsper sq ft, while the energy efficiencycode of the American Society of Heating,Refrigeration, and Air ConditioningEngineers, ASHRAE/IESNA 90.1-1999, requires less than 3.3 watts persq ft for retail lighting. Using a newapproach to display lighting, however,it might be possible to reduce thislarge amount of electricity consumptionfor accent lighting, perhaps by 40percent.Another way to create a self-luminousmode is to match the beam patternof accent lighting precisely withthe outline of an object as shown inFigure 1.How Does Self-luminousMode Work?While many of us might havenoticed how self-luminous colorsattract our attention, few empiricaldata support our perceptual experience.Some research does, however,exist. Uchikawa, et al. (1989) used aset of colored chips to look into theeffects of viewing mode on colorappearance and brightness perception.Subjects compared the colorand brightness appearance of chipsseen in self-luminous mode and ofchips seen in surface mode, the usualway of illuminating objects.The chipsappeared up to 25 percent brighterwhen perceived in the self-luminousmode.Another approach to estimatingthe brightness enhancement effect ofthe self-luminous mode is to evaluatethe “luminosity threshold” of anobject—the threshold when anobject surface begins to appear selfluminous.Several studies (Wallach,1948; Lie, 1977; Bonato and Gilchrist,1994) used a simple visual stimulus -a disk separately illuminated from itsbackground - to examine the luminositythreshold.Bonato and Gilchrist(1994) analyzed these studies andfound a simple rule that the luminositythreshold occurs at a luminancevalue 1.7 times higher than luminanceof a surface that would appear whitein the same context.How Much Energy Can TheSelf-luminous ApproachSave In Accent Lighting?To interpret the simple rule givenabove in terms of accent lighting, let’sassume the reflectance values of anobject surface and a white wall behindthe object are 40 percent and 70 percent,respectively. In this case, theobject should be lighted to an illuminancethree times higher than thewhite background to follow the rule,What Is The NewApproach?Using colored light to illuminatethe background of objects has alreadybeen distinguished as one possibleapproach to reducing energy consumptionby accent lighting.A recentstudy found that blue- or red-coloredlight used in display backgroundsenhanced visual appeal and attentiongettingcompared to traditional“white” display background lighting(Simeonova, et al., 2003). In fact, withthe colored background lighting, theamount of accent lighting on featuredobjects could be reduced by halfwithout compromising visual appealand attention-getting properties.Another approach is to make thebest use of what is called the “selfluminousmode,” whereby objectsare much higher in luminance thantheir background and actually appearto glow. Colors appearing self-luminousoften stand out and seem toattract our attention almost irresistibly(Bonato and Gilchrist, 1994,1999).One way to achieve a self-luminousmode is to put a light sourcebehind a translucent colored screen.Exit signs use this method for makingthe sign letters more conspicuous.Figure 1—Pictures seen in self-luminous mode(Courtesy of WENDELIGHTING). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . November . . . . . 2003 . . . LD+A . . . . 10. . www.iesna.org. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

so that the ratio of their luminances isabout 1.7:1. The resulting illuminanceratio (3:1) is 40 percent lower thanthe typical accent ratio (5:1) found inretail displays, implying that anapproach utilizing the self-luminousmode might conserve 40 percent ofthe energy consumption from typicalaccent lighting practices.As you mighthave already noticed, however, howmuch energy retailers can conservedepends on the reflectance of objectsColorsappearingself-luminousoften stand outand seemto attractour attentionalmostirresistiblyilluminated.Very dark objects will stillrequire high illuminances in order toappear self-luminous.Other factors regarding an objectand its surround, such as the color ofthe object (Ikeda et al., 1993), thecolor of light (Speigle and Brainard;1996), the size of the object (Li andGilchrist, 1999; Gilchrist, et al., 1999),and luminance gradients on theobject and its background (Yamauchiand Uchikawa, 1999) will also affectan object’s luminosity threshold. Infact, these factors might allow lightingdesigners to save additional energy.How Might We Apply TheSelf-luminous ApproachFor Accent Lighting?Contour projectors already utilizethe self-luminous approach. A contourprojector tunes its beam patternto the outline of a painting and preventslight from spilling out of anobject by using knife-edged shutters.A recent one uses a film in whichobject outlines are cut out, enablingthe projector to illuminate multipleobjects simultaneously and withmore precision than conventionalprojectors. Since, however, contourprojectors are quite expensive, theymay not always be the best solution.So, it is important to develop lessexpensive ways to utilize and specifythe self-luminous approach. Recentnarrow-beam, sharp-edge accentlighting luminaires may be an alternativesolution.The use of light emittingdiode (LED) technologies might alsofacilitate the self-luminous approach.An accent lighting system composedof a cluster of white LEDs couldmatch a beam pattern to an object’soutline by simply turning on and offvarious LED units to create therequired beam pattern. However, forthose alternative solutions, severalhurdles still need to be overcome,such as:• Identifying how precisely theaccent lighting beam should betuned to the objects• Identifying how sharp the edgeof the beam should be• Identifying how uniform the illuminancedistribution of thebeam should beWhat Is Next?Before applying the self-luminousapproach for practical accent lighting,the questions above should be answered.Then, an appropriate metriccovering the effects of the self-luminousmode on the perception ofbrightness can be established. Oneway might include the definition ofapplication efficacy developed by Reaand Bullough (2001) whereby efficacyis defined in terms of the size of theobject being illuminated. With somemodifications, this metric might beuseful for explaining brightness enhancementeffects in the self-luminousmode. It is also important todemonstrate how much energy wecan conserve through the self-luminousapproach.The significant potentialto realize energy savings fromconventional display lighting certainlywill make this a worthwhile effort.Mark Rea and John Bullough, both ofLRC, contributed to the technical contentof this article.ReferencesAmerican Society of Heating, Refrigeration,and Air Conditioning Engineers(ASHRAE) and IlluminatingEngineering Society of North America(IESNA), ASHRAE/IESNA Standard90.1-1999, Energy Standard for BuildingExcept Low-Rise Residential Building,1999.Bonato, F., Gilchrist, A.L., The perceptionof luminosity on differentbackground and in different illuminations,Perception, 23, 991-1006, 1994.Bonato, F., Gilchrist, A., Perceivedarea and the “luminosity” threshold,Perception and Psychophysics, 61, 5,786-797, 1999.Gilchrist, A., Kossyfidis, C., Bonato,F., Agostini, T., Cataliotti, J., Li, X.,Spehar, B.,Annan,V., Economou, E., Ananchoring theory of lightness perception,Psychological Review, 106, 4, 795-834, 1999.Ikeda, M., Motonaga, K., MatsuzawaN., Ishida,T.,Threshold determinationfor unnatural color appearance withlocal illumination, Kogaku, 22, 5, 289-298, 1993.Illuminating Engineering Society ofNorth America, Recommended Practice2-01, Lighting Merchandise Area,2001.Li, X., Gilchrist,A., Relative area andrelative luminance combine to anchorsurface lightness values, PsychologicalReview, 61, 5, 771-785, 1999.Lie, I., Psychophysical invariants ofachromatic color vision IV. Depthadjacency and simultaneous contrast,Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 10,282-286, 1969.Philips Lighting, Application GuideRetail Lighting, Somerset, NJ, 1991Rea, M., Bullough, J.,Application efficacy,Journal of Illuminating EngineeringSociety, 30, 2, 73-96, 2001.Simeonova, M., Narendran, N., andBoyce, P.,Application of colored LEDsfor retail display windows, Journal ofIlluminating Engineering Society, 32, 1,52-62, 2003.Speigle, J., Brainard, D., Luminositythresholds: effects of test chromaticityand ambient illumination, Journal ofOptical Society of America, 13, 3, 436-451, 1996.Uchikawa, H., Uchikawa, K., Boynton,R. M., Influence of achromaticsurrounds on categorical perceptionof surface colors, Vision Research, 29,7, 881-890, 1989.Wallach, H., Brightness constancyand the nature of achromatic colors,Experimental psychology, 38, 310-324,1948.Yamauchi, Y., Uchikawa. K., Luminancelimit of surface color mode perceptionunder spatial luminance gradient,Vision, 11, 1, 1-11, 1999.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . November . . . . . 2003 . . . LD+A . . . . 12. . www.iesna.org. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

DIGITAL DIALOGUEEmlyn AltmanPHOTO: KEVIN MATHENY, CONSTELLATION ENERGYHERE I AM, WRITING THIScolumn the “analog” way with penand paper. I know what you’re thinking:“Emlyn, why would a computergeek like yourself be using such anantiquated method of writing?” Truthbe told, I’m sitting here cooped up inmy house because Hurricane Isabelknocked out the power all across theregion and I can’t even use the Metroto get over to the office let alone doa simple thing like turn on my computer.I can’t even access my originalcolumn for this issue because it’sstuck in a non-functioning hunk ofplastic and silicone.The worst thing about not havingpower is that my building utilizescomputerized locks for all the apartments.I can’t even leave the apartmentbecause without power, I maybe able to physically walk back up theumpteen flights of stairs using a penlightto guide the way but as soon asI reach the door, my key is just aworthless piece of flat metal unableThe streets of Baltimore, MD, post-Hurricane Isabel.to let me back inside. So here I amfrantically trying to meet my columndeadline with a new article written bywonderful mood-enhancing candlelight.(How romantic.)This accentuates the importanceof “expecting the unexpected” whenit comes to using the computer as adesign tool.You may have taken everyman- and machine-made factor intoaccount when budgeting the time itwill take to complete your project,but when it comes to Mother Nature,Murphy’s Law will always rule. Ialways try to pad my estimated timeof project completion by a day or two(even a week if it’s a long project). Ifeverything goes well then I come outahead of the game; but just that littlepadding has saved my derrière quite anumber of times when faced withconditions beyond my control. I haveexperienced near catastrophes bywater, fire and now wind (combinedwith water). All that’s left now isearth.(Knock on wood!) Thank goodnessI live on the East Coast whereearthquakes are rare.The water experience happenedwhen I was a teaching assistant for acomputer-aided design course atPenn.Working late at the studio withsome of my classmates, we heard thesound of water rushing like a riverwith rapids. We looked around andwater was rushing out of the thirdfloor women’s bathroom,which,coincidentally,wasright across the hallwayfrom our computer labs. Since it wasafter midnight, the labs were closedbut luckily I had the key to get in.While my classmates were busy callingbuilding maintenance and wadingthrough the rapidly rising river huntingto find the shut-off valve, I wasbusy unplugging all the computersand other electrical equipment beforethe water could enter the labs.Fortunately, nobody got electrocutedand the equipment stayed dry. Unfortunately,the architecture facultyoffices on the second floor and theart gallery on the first floor didn’t fareso well. Many a studio art final projectgot drenched.Several years later when I startedworking in Washington, DC, I waspushing on a crunch deadline to finishan animation to show a client the nextday. I was listening to my Walkman,thoroughly focused on the task athand, when in the corner of my eye Isaw the strobe light above my leftshoulder flashing. Little did I know, therestaurant three floors below ouroffice had a fire in the kitchen thatforced the whole building to evacuate.The IT staff quickly grabbed the backuptapes as they left the building butthere was no time for me to do anythingmore than hit “S” to savemy place and hope that the wholebuilding didn’t go up in smoke. Most ofus were frantic because we had noidea if we could get back into thebuilding that day. Luckily, we wereallowed back in the building about fourhours after the fire department putout the blaze, but it still meant that wehad a lot of catching up to do to meetthe client’s deadline the next day.Now, Hurricane Isabel has evokedher wrath upon us. Three days afterthe worst has passed, she leaves inher wake over 1.5 million homes andbusinesses without electricity inVirginia and Maryland alone. In our. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . November . . . . . 2003 . . . LD+A . . . . 14. . www.iesna.org. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

office, we have a major deadline toprovide a lengthy animation to aclient.The original deadline was tightto begin with even before we had anyidea that this feat of nature couldstop production in its tracks. Nowwe’re busy scurrying to make up forlost time.The Least We Can DoKnowing the unpredictability ofnatural events, I offer the followingtips to lessen any consequences ofsuch disasters:1) “Pad” your expected time tocomplete the task. Just the factthat it usually take two-to-threetimes the amount of time wethink it will take to complete thetask will help compensate forany unexpected disasters (naturalor otherwise) that mayoccur during the process.2) Save early and often! I can’tstress this concept enough. Imay take matters to theextreme by hitting “S”after every paragraph or everyseveral commands. Would yourather try to make up threehours of work or three minutesof work should your computersuddenly crash or lose power?It’s worth the extra two secondsof effort to save frequently.3) Make sure your company frequentlycreates tape backups ofthe server.If possible,have a secondbackup kept in a remotelocation just in case somethinghappens to the original backup(or the entire building).4) If you know a hurricane orother major weather disaster isheading your way, remember tounplug all electrical equipment.One problem that occurred inIsabel’s aftermath was that whenthe electric companies fixed thepower outages, power surgesdamaged electrical appliances/equipment and occasionallyoverloaded the electric company’ssystem—creating moreoutages.5) Don’t risk your life for a piece ofelectrical equipment. It’s notworth it!Now that I’ve offered this publicservice message, I’d like to mentionYou mayhave takenevery man- andmachine-madefactor intoaccount whenbudgetingthe time it willtake tocomplete yourproject,but whenit comes toMother Nature,Murphy’s Lawwill alwaysrulethat I’ll be presenting the original subjectfor this month’s column atAutodesk University in Las Vegas(Dec. 2-5).This conference is for anycompany that utilizes Autodesk products.Anyone who works with CADhands-on or is a manager looking fortools and techniques to improveworkplace productivity shouldattend. This year, there are over 250courses for users, managers and ITprofessionals. My seminar is on business-relatedissues for computeraideddesign: how to improve profitabilityand better understand thevalue of your digital product.This presentationis on December 5 from11:30-1:00 pm. For more information,check out their au.autodesk.comwebsite and look for course #CM43-2. I look forward to seeing you there.Emlyn Altman is a 3D visualizationspecialist/lighting designer at CannonDesign,Washington, DC. She also servesas the vice president and web mistressfor the IESNA Capital Section. To sendcomments about this column or questionsregarding the use of computers inlighting design, email Emyln atD_D@EAVisualization.com

RULES & REGSReviewing Lamp RecyclingPeter A. Bleasby1 The Universal Waste Rule (UWR) (40CFR Part 273) See Federal Register July 6,1999, Volume 64 Number 128, pp 36465-36490)“LAMP RECYCLING. THEResponsible Thing To Do.” This sloganhas been adopted by NEMA, SWANAand the ALMR to be used during thenational outreach and education campaignlaunched earlier this year as partof the EPA’s Cooperative AgreementProject for the Development of aLamp Recycling Outreach Program.According to EPA estimates, there arean additional 400 million lamps peryear that should be recycled.Used mercury-containing lighting isregulated by the EPA under the UniversalWaste Rule 1 , and in somestates regulations are more stringentthan the UWR. Many users are notaware that energy-efficient lightingcontains mercury and should be handledproperly at the end of life. About20 percent of spent lighting is recycledin the U.S., but 80 percent is stillgoing to the municipal solid wastestream. NEMA, SWANA and theALMR are assisting the EPA to increasethe recycling rate among commercialand industrial users.The objective is to get enoughinformation to the decision makersso both mandatory and voluntaryrecycling increases from 20 percentto 40 percent within two years afterthe project is implemented.The recyclinggoal will be increased to 50-60percent within four years. The ultimategoal is a sustainable lamp recyclingrate of between 70 and 80 percentin seven years.To achieve the objective, it is necessaryfor people’s behavior to change;inother words, compliance will increaseif the current disposal patterns formercury-containing lamps change.Commercial and industrial users ofmercury-containing lamps are thosewho can most influence “disposal decisionmaking.” These groups includebuilding owners and commercial propertymanagers, industrial facilities, governmentinstitutions, electrical, lightingmaintenance and demolition contractors.Influence on decisions will alsocome from the solid waste industry,local governments, electrical distributors,Energy Star buildings and RebuildAmerica partners.About SWANAFor 40 years, SWANA,The Solid Waste Association of North America, has been the leadingprofessional association in the solid waste industry. SWANA’s mission is “to advance the practiceof environmentally and economically sound management of municipal solid waste.”SWANA serves over 6800 members, and thousands more solid waste professionals with technicalconferences, certifications, publications and a large offering of technical training courses.About ALMRThe Association of Lighting and Mercury Recyclers is a non-profit organization representingmembers of the mercury recycling industry, and serving as an educational and informationalresource to government,business and the public. ALMR members currently recycle about 80 percentof the mercury lamps that are diverted from the municipal waste stream.About NEMANEMA, the National Electrical Manufacturers Association, is the leading trade association in theU. S. representing electronic product manufacturers. Founded in 1926 and headquartered nearWashington, D.C., its 400 member companies manufacture products used in all walks of life,including the generation, transmission and distribution, control, and end-use of electricity. Annualshipments of these products total in excess of $100 billion.Target AudienceThe campaign has pinpointed severaloutreach targets including:• State environmental agencies forsolid and hazardous wastes, publichealth, environmental management,public works, water quality,other local agencies in all 50states (est. 45,000 local governmentagencies) and territories.• Franchise agencies and franchisesolid waste contractors.• Users of lamps, including businesses,building owners andowner’s associations, commercialproperty companies, governmentbuildings, academic institutions(est. 200,000 businesses).• Lighting maintenance contractors,re-lamping contractors, energyefficiency contractors, specifiers,electrical contractors andothers who would be “handlers”under the UWR.• National associations of governmentsand businesses forsolid, hazardous wastes and recycling,plant maintenance and engineering.Federal and most state rules allowlamp generators and contractors tocollect and accumulate lamps forrecycling without a regulatory burden.For example:Small Quantity Handler -(SQHUW) - a generator or thirdparty (contractor) who accumulates5000 kg at atime, up to one year. EPA or stateregistration and ID# is required.Training and information on handlingmercury lamps and emergency proceduresis required. Proper markingand labeling of accumulated wastelamps is required.If whole lamps are being recycled,they are exempt from hazardouswaste manifest requirements and acertified hazardous waste hauler. Abill of lading and a common carriermay be used instead. No analyticaltesting or reporting of whole lamps isneeded for recycling. Intentionallybreaking lamps is defined as “treatment”and treatment of lamps, e.g.drum-top crushing, requires compliancewith RCRA Subtitle C at anauthorized facility, or compliance withall applicable state regulations.Contractors may charge a fee tocollect lamps. They can also makearrangements with any authorizedlamp recycler and may be eligible forvolume discounts. Recyclers will providea recycling certificate to the contractor,who can pass it along to thegenerator.This article is based on the LROPNewsletter, Vol. 1, Issue 1, dated May2003. Its content has been reviewed bythe IESNA Legislative and Regulatory InformationCommittee.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . November . . . . . 2003 . . . LD+A . . . . 16. . www.iesna.org. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

GREEN IDEASTaking the LEED in Lighting DesignDenise Fong,IALD, LCMANY OF YOU AREprobably working on projects slatedfor LEED certification. While theseguidelines are well known and widelyapplied in some areas of the U.S.,LEED is still uncharted waters formany regions of the country.LEED (Leadership in Energy andEnvironmental Design) is a product ofthe U.S. Green Building Council(USGBC). The Council was formedin 1993 to develop a benchmark todefine “green” buildings. Its diversemembership crosses many sectors inthe A/E/C industry. Member companiesinclude architects, developers,realtors, contractors, engineers, governmententities, lawyers, environmentalists,financial institutions, universities,non-profits,utilitiesand evena few lighting designers. Input from allof these constituents offers the LEEDproduct great depth and richness.Not only does LEED outlineproven strategies for what creates agreen building,it changes the questionfrom “Is this building green?” to “Howgreen will it be?” LEED certificationlevels define “green” using a commonstandard of measurement, from Certifiedas the lowest certification levelto Platinum as the highest.LEED evaluates building performancefrom a “whole building” perspective.In this way, LEED has eliminated“greenwashing,” which occurswhen a building is called “green” withoutsubstantial back-up. Prior toLEED, there was no such measuringstick. A building owner could simplypass out recycling bins to their tenantsand claim it was a green building.Values And GoalsLEED is transforming the market,not only in the U.S. but, in countriesthat are following our “LEED.” Itsprocess has been adopted by governmentagencies, city governments anduniversities, not to mention manylarge corporations with their eye onthe bottom line.The list of companiesthat have developed new buildingsusing the LEED process includes IBM,Ford Motor Company, Herman Miller,American Honda Motor Companyand the PNC Financial ServicesGroup.The most positive difference aboutLEED projects is the integration ofdisciplines. Remember the cartoonabout the architect who throws hiscompleted design drawings over thepartition to the structural engineer,who furiously works on his drawingsand then throws them over the partitionto the mechanical engineer,and itgoes on down the road until everyonehas “done their part”? We mightlaugh at the visual image, but in manycases, it’s not far from the truth.Alternatively, whole building designuses synergies created when theteam strives to understand how allthe parts fit. Thus, one small benefitcan leapfrog into something muchmore significant. For example, I find itinteresting that siting a building tooptimize daylight is generally advantageousto natural ventilation.LEED also promotes the completionof green buildings. We’ve allexperienced the euphoria of schematicdesign, where every wonderfuldesign opportunity is possible, andthe subsequent disappointment ofCD completion where all the goodstuff has been “value engineered” outof the project. To be successful, LEEDrequires buy-in from the whole team,including the owner and contractor,at the earliest stage of the project. Bydeveloping a LEED scorecard andassigning responsibility for everypoint, each design team member hasa stake in monitoring the design tomake sure points aren’t lost.Versions And CategoriesLEED 1.0 was launched in August1998, and was replaced by LEED 2.0in March 2000. LEED 2.1 was recentlyimplemented. LEED development isdivided into two segments.The LEEDSteering Committee includes theUSGBC Board of Directors andother invited members. The LEEDTechnical and Scientific AdvisoryCommittee is comprised of industryexperts who develop the criteria,background and support data for specificpoints. LEED is a consensusbased rating system.LEED-NC 2.1 is for general buildingconstruction. It was primarilydeveloped for a single building, eithernew or a major renovation. Manyprojects such as campuses with multiplebuildings, buildings not normallyoccupied like parking garages, orbuildings with special requirementslike lab buildings don’t fit this category.Over time, specialized LEED ratingswill be developed to addressbuildings with unique characteristics.LEED-EB for existing buildings andLEED-CI for commercial interiors areavailable as pilot programs.LEED 2.1 is similar to 2.0 in itsrequirements but the language forsome of the points has been clarifiedand the method of documentationsimplified by letter templates providedby the USGBC. The major complaintabout the 2.0 version was theweighty documentation. Many projectswere following the LEEDprocess but not getting the officialrating because the process was cumbersomeand expensive. Using theletter templates will streamline documentation.The five environmental categoriesof LEED are Sustainable Sites, WaterEfficiency, Energy and Atmosphere,Indoor Environmental Air Quality andMaterials and Resources.An additionalcategory called Innovation andDesign Process acknowledges innovationnot covered in the other fivecategories. Lighting design has themost impact in the categories of lightpollution reduction and energy usereduction. The point summaries inthis column are based on LEED -NC2.1Sustainable SitesCredit 1.8 Light pollution reduction –1 pointThis point encourages designers toprovide adequate light but not “overlight.” Keeping light within the projectboundaries, reducing sources of glarewhich could disturb neighbors orallow direct or reflected light up intothe sky are incorporated into thispoint.The point’s description can besomewhat confusing. It states thatdesigners must “meet or providelower lighting levels and uniformitythan those recommended by Lightingfor Exterior Environments: an IESNARecommended Practices (RP-33-99).” Itseems the intent is to maintain theuniformity requirements and providethe same or lower light levels. Dependingon the table you are lookingat in the RP, some of the light levelrecommendations are listed as minimum,some list the maximum andsome list average illumination. Road-. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . November . . . . . 2003 . . . LD+A . . . . 18. . www.iesna.org. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

New Existing No. ofBuildings Buildings Points20% 10% 230% 20% 440% 30% 650% 40% 860% 50% 10Table 1—Credit 1 optimize energyperformance 2-10 pointsway, parking and ball field lighting levelsare not specified in this document,but are referenced to other documentswhich adds to the confusion.A change from 2.0 for this credit isa requirement to use shielded luminairesfor fixtures with more than1000 lumens,and only full cut-off typeluminaires for fixtures with morethan 3500 lumens.The maximum candela value of allinterior fixtures must remain in thebuilding. For exterior fixtures, themaximum candela value must remainwithin the property line. If a fixture iswithin 2.5 times its mounting heightfrom the property line, it cannot contributeany direct beam illuminationoff-site. An illumination calculationshowing the illumination of the site isrequired for submission.At first glance this concept seemsstraightforward, but in the context ofa real project, it can become lessclear. For example, in an urban environment,buildings are typically builtat the property line. Any lightattached to the building facade or toa canopy is lighting someone else’sproperty. To complicate things further,in Seattle, for example, the buildingcode requires illumination ofareas under canopies to at least fivefootcandles.This would seem to be adirect conflict with the requirementto not light beyond the property line.To find out how to deal with issueslike this, two free credit interpretationsare available per project. Thedesign team submits its question inwriting to the LEED reviewer whowill make a ruling.Access to all previouscredit interpretations is availableafter project registration, so beforeusing one of your free questions, youcan check to see if someone else hasalready asked the same question. AllLEED accredited professionals haveaccess to the credit interpretations.Energy And AtmosphereCredits 1.1 1.5 Optimize Energy Performance(2-10 points)The focus of these credits is energyreduction.The greater the reduction,the more points available. Table1 shows how much the energy mustbe reduced to reach each level.Energy savings is based on total buildingenergy use (envelope, HVAC, servicewater heating, electrical powerdistribution, metering provisions,electric motors, belt drives and lighting).Since this category considersoverall building energy, it’s an areawhere coordination between disciplinesbecomes very important.One prerequisite of this categoryis that you must first meetASHRAE/IESNA 90.1-1999 or thelocal energy code, whichever is morestringent. The energy savings toachieve the point are based on savingsas compared to ASHRAE/IESNA90.1-1999. This puts projects acrossthe country on the same measuringplane. If the project is located in anarea where the local energy codesare more stringent than ASHRAE,you could get a few “free” points withthis credit. Documentation of thiscredit is generally the responsibility ofthe mechanical engineer, with inputfrom the electrical engineer and thelighting designer. Fundamental buildingcommissioning is also a prerequisitefor this category.To certify a building under LEED,the project must first be registeredwith the USGBC. The earlier this isdone in the design process, the better.Usually the architect or a LEEDconsultant takes on this responsibilitybut it could also be done by theowner or the contractor in a designbuildscenario.The actual documentationis submitted after construction iscomplete but should be collectedduring the project when it is mosteasily available.Clearly there is much value in followingLEED guidelines.As designers,we can make a valuable contributionto the design team by being familiarwith the process and knowledgeableabout the points related to our discipline.Denise Fong, IALD, FC, is principal ofCandela Architectural Lighting Consultants,Seattle,WA.

ENERGY ADVISORWillard L.Warren,PE, LC, FIESNATHE RECENT BLACKOUT INthe northeast was an indication ofhow vulnerable we are to power failuresdue to an over-extended electricitytransmission grid and inadequatetechnology to control cripplingcascading. Is it really “better to lightone candle than to curse the darkness”to provide emergency lighting?If you could find a candle thatwould last 24 hours for only $1, you’dget a one candlepower source deliveringone lumen (and one foot-candle,one foot away). Since a candle’slight is equivalent to a small incandescentsource with an efficacy ofonly one lumen per watt, in 24 hoursyou would have consumed 24 watthours,or .024 kWh. At a cost percandle of $1.00, that’s $42 per kWh.A $1 candle is a very low first cost,unless you had to light a large castlewhich had no electricity,in which caseyou’d have a very high bill for candles.How are we protected in ourhomes from blackouts?An outdoor “Home Depot special”portable generator with 4000watts (4 kW) capacity costs about$500 and burns half a gallon of gas anhour, reducing your initial cost to$125/kW and your hourly cost to$.25/ kWh. If you install it in the basement,hook it up to your electricpanel with an automatic starter andthrow-over switch, your initial costwill go up around $3000 to $1000per kW and you’ll have the problemsof fuel storage (unless you have naturalgas), ventilation, local environmentalcodes, noise, etc., but yourhourly cost will remain the same.In an office building, a battery packand inverter for a fluorescent luminaireproviding 500 lumens will cost$100 installed, and consume about 10watts. The unit must last 90 minutesto get UL listing and meet theNational Electric Code (NEC). Theinitial cost has gone up to$10,000/kW. The batteries will lastseven to 10 years before they have tobe replaced, but the energy cost toprovide a trickle charge to keep thebatteries at rated voltage is very low.A central diesel generator will costaround $2000 per kW of capacityand is required in the paths of egressfor health-related occupancies by theAmerican National Safety Institute’s(ANSI) “Life Safety Code,” which hasbeen adopted into law by all states.Facilities like hospitals and nursinghomes have so much essential lifesafety electric load that it pays to provideemergency lighting and exit signswith battery packs and conserve thecapacity of the central emergencygenerators for elevators, operatingrooms, cooling loads, computer systems.Thisis also true for most officebuildings, since emergency generators,like the ones in the World TradeCenter after the 1993 bombing wereknocked out by the flood in the basement,and the building lost all emergencylighting in the stairways.During the recent blackout mostemergency battery packs lasted threehours or more and some up to 12hours. If the batteries are still viablewhen power resumes, the tricklecharge will recharge the batteries.Getting “GridWise”But what choices do we have totry to prevent blackouts? The PacificNorthwest National Labs (PNNL)just sent out a bulletin explaining thatthe power grid is in need of newtechnological architecture,which theycall “GridWise.” In addition to sensingdevices that would monitor the gridto determine when load must beshed, they propose to wire into ourhomes and shut down millions of hotwater heaters, refrigerators and airconditioners until the grid stabilizes.There is a much simpler way to cutload. We know that lighting constitutesaround 35 percent of commercialload and that since the advent ofself-illuminated computer screens thewhole picture of office lighting haschanged.We don’t have the same slavishrequirement for footcandles, andas a matter of fact, the new energyconserving codes require that welimit the watts per square foot forlighting for all commercial occupancies.These lighting power densities(LPDs) have the force of law in moststates for new construction. Manyspeculative office buildings used tooffer 70 to 100 footcandles in theterms of the lease, which took threeto four watts per square foot of load.We now have LPDs of just over onewatt per square foot for office lighting.New T-8 lamps and electronic ballastsin efficient luminaires get +40footcandles at that power density.I just visited Peter Jacobson at hisnew digs at the Consolidated EdisonHeadquarters building in Manhattan.Peter is lighting specialist for ConEdison, which is systematically outfittingall floors with modular partitionedunits in open plan configurations.Thegeneral lighting is a recessed (1L) highefficiency parabolic system used incombination with in-furniture tasklighting.The illumination level is 35-50fc from the general lighting, and Peterindicated that if it were reduced 15percent, no one would notice, becauseit would still be adequate. The tasklights provide an additional 40 fc onthe desks. Task/ambient lighting isprobably the most popular designbeing used today and I’m sure you’veseen many offices done this way.If these general lighting units wereequipped with bi-level lighting, withthe ability to reduce lighting load by30 percent, Con Edison could reducetotal energy usage by 30 percent(lighting reduction) times 35 percent(percent of total load that’s lighting) =10.5 percent at times of peakdemand, by sending a signal to all customersto go into the load-sheddingmode. In some areas in the northeast,utilities pay users for the right to shutoff their swimming pool pumps orelectric hot water heaters when peakloads must be reduced.When time of day metering is imposedin most of the country, which issoon approaching, the rate for electricityduring the daytime peak period willrise to levels of $20/ kWh, which wesaw recently in California. If PeterJacobson is right,and I believe he is,thatwith today’s computer use nobodywould notice a 15 percent reduction inoverhead lighting, I’d put in controls tocut lighting load by that amount whenmy utility imposed time of day ratesthat were budget breakers.I suppose that technology will bringus fluorescent dimming at a low costpretty soon, although with all thewarnings about utility rates having toincrease to repair the infrastructure ofour transmission grid,you better stockup on cheap candles and curse a lot.Willard L.Warren PE, LC, FIESNA, is aprincipal of Willard L.Warren Associates,a consulting firm specializing in lightingand energy conservation serving designers,lighting manufacturers, utilities andgovernment organizations.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . November . . . . . 2003 . . . LD+A . . . 20 . . . www.iesna.org. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

INDUSTRY UPDATESLuraline Launches Third Annual ‘It’s YourLight’ Student Design CompetitionSouth Florida lighting manufacturer Luraline Products Company hasannounced the call for entries for its third annual “It’s Your Light” studentdesign competition.The 2003-2004 competition, which solicits new concepts for lightingfixtures from design and architecture students, focuses on outdoor lighting.Fixtures must be suitable for exterior applications, such as entrancesand walkways, outdoor signage, area and security lighting, exterior wallsand surfaces and landscape or accent lighting.“Lighting is a crucial elementin both the functionality and the ambiance of outdoor spaces,” saidLuraline president Howard Levine.“However, the technical demands thatmust be met by exterior lighting fixtures will pose an additional challengefor our student designers this year.”Entries will be judged by a panel of industry experts based on creativityand feasibility of the design. The winner will receive a cash prize of$1500 and the winning design may be put into production as part of theLuraline product line. The competition is open to students enrolled indesign and architecture programs at U.S. universities, colleges and technicalschools. Deadline for entries is December 31, 2003. For more detailsor to receive an entry form call 1-800-940-6588 or go to the websitewww.luraline.comNuckolls Fund RFPs For 2004 GrantsAre Now AvailableThe Nuckolls Fund for Lighting Education announced that requests forproposals for year 2004 grants have been posted at www.nuckollsfund.org. Educators at academic institutions in North America whoare seeking funding for programs that correspond to the fund’s missionare invited to apply for grants.The fund supports college-level programsthat inspire students with an understanding of light in architecture.In 2004, the fund intends to award three grants: the $20,000 NuckollsFund Grant, which has been given annually since 1989 for programs at thecollege level; the $10,000 Edison Price Fellowship Grant, which is given toindividual educators to enable them to further their own education; and a$20,000 grant in support of an introductory lighting program. Candidatesmay also submit a proposal that does not fall into one of those three categories.In 2003, a total of $65,000 in grants were awarded.On October 1, ENERGY STAR launched the national Change a Light, Changethe World campaign with an energy-efficient lighting makeover at the ThomasEdison Winter Home in Fort Myers, FL.The Home’s outdoor lampposts andporch lights were changed out with bulbs and fixtures that have earnedthe ENERGY STAR.TV’s renovation and design expert Steve Thomas conductsthis change-out and serves as the 2003 campaign spokesperson. Fixtureswere donated by Seagull Lighting, and bulbs were donated by Philips.Digital 3-D rendering of Lotte WorldTower II in Pusan, South Korea,designed by Minneapolis architecturalfirm Parker Durrant International.When completed in 2008, the 107-story building will be the world’s tallestat 1620 ft.World’s TallestBuilding On TheBoardsMinneapolis architectural firmParker Durrant International, asubsidiary of The Leonard ParkerAssociates, a part of the DurrantGroup, has completed theschematic design of a 107-storyoffice tower and mixed-use/retailfacility planned for construction inthe city of Pusan, South Korea.Commissioned by the SouthKorean-based Lotte Corporation,the 5.7 million sq ft Lotte World IITower is slated to be the world’stallest building at 1620 ft.The sleek steel and glass officetower’s adjoining facilities willinclude a hotel/conference center, amultiplex cinema, an IMAX theater,a department store and specialtyretail stores and restaurants. It isexpected to become a regionalattraction and international touristdestination.Initial work on the constructionsite has already begun,with completion of the retail/enter-. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . November . . . . . 2003 . . . LD+A . . . . 22. . www.iesna.org. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

tainment portion planned for 2006and completion of the towerexpected in 2008.The faceted glass exterior of thetower recalls traditional Koreantotemic figures called “Jang Sueng,”according to principal Stephan Huh.“In English, Jan Sueng means friendlyguardian of the village,” said Huh.“As Korea’s largest port city andthe main gateway to Korea fromsouth, the design influence is especiallybefitting.”Today, the world’s tallest buildingis Malaysia’s Petronas Tower at 1483ft,while The Sears tower in Chicagomeasures 1450 ft.NEMA ReleasesNew Standard OnExit Sign VisibilityThe Emergency Lighting Sectionof NEMA, the National ElectricalManufacturers Association, Washington,D.C. has released EM 1-2002, Exit Sign Visibility Testing andRequirements for Safety.The purposeof this publication is to promotesafety by setting forth visibility testingprocedures and requirementsfor exit signs.These procedures andrequirements are based on the bestavailable objective research by theNational Institute of Standards andTechnology and the Lighting ResearchCenter and on independenttesting by CSA International.EM 1-2002 contains performancerequirements and testmethods for evaluating exit sign visibility,whichincludes readability andthe ability to attract attention in anemergency. EM 1-2002 may be purchasedfor $51.00 by contactingGlobal Engineering Documents atTel: 800-854-7179 (within the U.S.),303-397-7956 (international); fax:303-397-2740 or go to the websitewww.nema.org/r/std/em1/NYC, EPA Partneron Green BuildingCompetitionMayor Michael R. Bloomberg, EnvironmentalProtection Agency(EPA) Regional Administrator JaneM. Kenny and Department of EnvironmentalProtection (DEP) CommissionerChristopher O. Wardannounced that New York City willhold a sustainable building designcompetition. Partnering with theAmerican Institute of Architects,Earthpledge, the Museum of theCity of New York and others, thecompetition will invite all interestedparties to showcase how greenbuilding principles can be incorporatedinto existing and new buildingstock. The competition will seekideas on how to utilize distributedpower generation, solar and windenergy, brown field developmentsand water and energy conservationin new building designs.“Sustainable development is crucialto New York City’s future,” saidMayor Bloomberg. “Creating newbuildings, retrofitting old ones to bemore energy efficient and incorporatingnew technologies that areless expensive and environmentallyfriendly is vital for the continuedgrowth of our City. With majorrenewal projects in Lower Manhattan,Downtown Brooklyn,WesternQueens, Greenpoint/Williamsburgand the far West Side ofManhattan, the need for sustainabledevelopment is as great today as inany time in our city’s history. I amproud to be joining the EnvironmentalProtection Agency, AIA,Earthpledge and the Museum of theCity of New York is this importantendeavor.”“Green buildings are a proudlegacy to leave future generationsof New Yorkers,” said regionaladministrator Kenny.“They connectour vision for urban growth withour concern for preserving ournatural resources and protectinghuman health. We are delighted tojoin our partners on a project thatwill serve as a catalyst for the developmentof green buildings acrossthe country.”“I am pleased to join with themayor and regional administratorJane Kenny of the EnvironmentalProtection Agency, in partnershipwith Earth Pledge and other localenvironmental groups, to announcethe City’s first-ever green buildingdesign competition,” said Ward.“This effort will foster further sustainabledevelopment in a variety ofsectors: residential, commercial,industrial and public space. Thecompetition is designed to encouragenew, innovative, and freshdesigns from a wide range of individualsand firms, and will buildupon the substantial base of sustainableactivities already underwayin the city.”A panel of experts will overseethe competition. Awards of $5000will be presented in five categories:industrial, single family residencesand low-rise apartments, high-riseresidential and hotels, commercialand public buildings. Winners willhave their designs displayed publiclyin all five boroughs.All entries mustbe submitted by January 15, 2004,with the winner announced in early2004. For more information go towww.nyc.gov and www.epa.gov/region02

Just PublishedForester Communications announces DISTRIBUTED ENERGY, the Journalfor Onsite Power Solutions, written for individuals looking for practical informationon minimizing business interruptions and stabilizing expenses bygenerating power on their own property. Published bimonthly, DISTRIB-UTED ENERGY will reach more than 20,000 business owners, energy managers,facility and operations directors and others involved in making suretheir business operations and facilities remain cost-effective, open andproductive at all times. The first issue mails in early November 2003 tocharter subscribers. To request a complimentary subscription go to thewebsite www.forester.net/de_subscribe.htmlFor more information on DISTRIBUTED ENERGY or ForesterCommunications, visit us at www.distributednrg.com or call Robert Jones Jr.,circulation director at 805-682-1300, ext. 121.Survey Tracks StreetlightOutage ReportingA national survey on streetlight outage reporting conducted by the utilitycompany Arizona Public Service, Phoenix, revealed that outage reportsgenerally are evenly received through call centers, faxed reports, the internetand night patrol, but technology (i.e., remote sensing) is still not a factorin locating outages, most likely due to cost. In addition, two-thirds saytheir city/utility keeps electronic maintenance records and a healthymajority (60 percent) reports that three days is the average repair timefor an outage.Utility and municipal personnel were encouraged to participate in thesurvey, which was posted on both the APS and IESNA web sites from Maythrough August.All told, 228 people completed at least part of the survey.The results were discussed at the recent IESNA Street & Area LightingConference in Baltimore.What follows are some of the key findings, deliveredby Randy Edwards, state lighting coordinator for APS:Streetlight OwnershipUtility 27%Municipality 13%Combination 60%Number of Lights10,000 or less 13%10,000-30,000 7%30,000-50,000 13%More than 50,000 67%Outage Reports Last YearLess than 1,000 27%1,000-5,000 34%5,000-10,000 20%No Response 19%Outage Reports Received ByCall Center 25%Fax 25%Internet 26%Night Patrol 20%Remote Sensing 0%Other 4%If electronic records are kept,did you develop your ownsystem or purchase one?Developed Own 60%Purchased Program 20%No Response 20%Estimated number of repeatrepair trips last yearLess than 250 87%250-500 6.5%More than 500 6.5%Mandated Night PatrolsYes 20%No 60%No response 20%Average Repair Time1 Day 0%2 Days 13%3 Days 60%5 Days 27%10 Days 0%e-mail aLetter to theEditorptarricone@iesna.orgDo you keep electronicrecords of your maintenance?Yes 67%No 33%. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . November . . . . . 2003 . . . LD+A . . . 24 . . . www.iesna.org. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

VOLUME 33, NUMBER 11 • NOVEMBER 2003ILLUMINATING ENGINEERING SOCIETYNEWSThe IESNA AnnualConference,August 3-6,2003, Chicago, ILIESNACalendar of EventsMarch 29- April 2, 2004LIGHTFAIR INTERNATIONALLas Vegas Convention CenterLas Vegas, NVContact:AMC, Inc.404-220-2221/2215www.lightfair.comJuly 25-28, 2004IESNA Annual ConferenceTampa, FLContact:Val Landers212-248-5000, ext. 117www.iesna.orgSeptember 26-29, 2004IESNAStreet & Area Lighting ConferenceSan Antonio,TXContact:Val Landers212-248-5000, ext. 117www.iesna.orgConference Fast FactsAttendees: 500+Number of Sessions:17 seminars;7 paper sessionsAwards: Medal Award, Louis B. MarksAward, Distinguished Service Award,Fellow Designation, Presidential Award,Regional Service Award, Regional TechnicalAward, Section Meritorious Award,Section Service Award, LEDALITEAward, Taylor Technical Talent Award,Howard Brandston Student LightingGrant, Richard Kelly Grant, Robert E.Thunen Memorial Scholarships, BesalFund. (See August LD+A.)Special Events: OSRAM SYLVANIAWelcome Reception; Philips LightingWelcome Breakfast; Navy PierWelcome, major sponsor GE LightingNovember 2003 LD+A 26www.iesna.org

continued on page 28. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . www.iesna.org . . . . . . . . 27. . LD+A . . . November . . . . . 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

IIDA Program To Include Energy andEnvironmental Design AwardA new category has been added to the 2004 IIDA Award Program with the creationof The Energy and Environmental Design Award sponsored by OSRAM SYL-VANIA.The award recognizes quality lighting installations in commercial and industrialbuildings that incorporate advanced energy-saving strategies and environmentallyresponsible solutions into the overall design.For more information,access the IIDAnomination form at www.iesna.orgMembers in the NewsJames Crowley,IESNA RVP Northeast,has accepted aposition as the easternregional sales managerfor Lumiere—a divisionof Cooper Lighting,Peachtree City,GA. Crowley will focus on the majormarkets east of the Mississippi..Advance Transformer Company,Rosemont, IL, has a new 91,000 sq ftelectronic ballast manufacturing facilitylocated in Juarez,Mexico.The Juarez electronicballast operation will provide thecompany with the required capacity tosupport the DOE-mandated conversionfrom magnetic to electronic modelsbeginning in 2005. In parallel with theaddition of electronic capacity in Juarez,Advance will also be expanding itsMonterrey, Mexico distribution center.This new 40,000 sq ft facility will serve asa full-service distribution operation providingtechnical support, inventory managementand pull-through delivery, enabledby its Kanban and VMI capabilities.In other news, Advance Transformeralso announced that is has joined the U.S.Department of Energy’s Rebuild Americaprogram as a business partner. In thisrole,it joins over 100 selected companiesin supporting state and community partnershipsand in helping to drive the trainingand educational efforts that willimprove energy efficiency throughoutthe nation’s buildings and communities.Connie Buchan, PE,has joined SacramentoMunicipalUtility District(SMUD) Sacramento,CA as lighting specialist.Buchan’s responsibilitiesinclude promotingenergy efficiency, training commercialand residential customers in lightingand lighting design, and serving as anauthoritative resource on lighting knowledgeand applications. Buchan holds a BSdegree in Architectural Engineering fromthe University of Kansas as well as anelectrical engineering licenseStan Kaye has joined Theater DesignInc as a senior associate. He will beresponsible for project management andarchitectural lighting design. Kaye’s backgroundstretches over 20 years of experiencein both academia and the lightingindustry.Next Conference:Tampa, FL,Tampa Marriott Hotel,July 25-28, 2004.continued on page 30. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . November . . . . . 2003 . . . LD+A . . . 28 . . . www.iesna.org. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Carlos Inclán, LC, has joined Seattlebasedlighting design firm Studio Lux as alighting designer and project manager.Inclán brings a wide range of internationaldesign projects including hotels,libraries, retail businesses and residences.Boyd Corbett hasjoined Lightology,Chicago, IL as the newvice president of sales.Most recently, asnational sales managerfor manufacturer BelferGroup, Corbettoversaw the sales operations of threecompany divisions for the North Americaand international markets. In this and previouspositions with fixture and lampmanufacturers, he gained extensive backgroundin all sectors of the contract market,working with sales representatives,specifiers and lighting designers. Corbettbrings no small measure of technical savvy,as well. Areas of expertise include theemerging technologies of LED and fiberoptic lighting, as well as the complexitiesof architectural cove lighting. He has followedthese technical interests into theactive ranks of the IESNA, where he currentlyserves on the board of directors astreasurer, and also on several committees:Progress; Centennial; Conference (chair)and Finance (chair). Corbett also sits onthe Board of Managers of the IESNAChicago Chapter and 2004 will mark histwentieth anniversary with the IESNA.SmithGroup, Inc., Detroit,MI, has promotedJeff Gerwing andRodrigo Manríquezas associates. Gerwingis a senior lightingdesigner whose experienceincludes daylightingdesign andexperience with Leadershipin Energy andEnvironmental Design(LEED) and Greenprojects. He has wonawards for several ofhis lighting design projectsincluding the McNamara Terminal atDetroit Metropolitan Airport and FordField, both in Detroit, MI. Gerwing joinedcontinued on page 30SUSTAININGMEMBERSThe following companies have elected tosupport the Society as Sustaining Memberswhich allows the IESNA to fund programs thatbenefit all segments of the membership andpursue new endeavors, including educationprojects, lighting research and recommendedpractices.The level of support is classifiedby the amount of annual dues, basedon a company’s annual lighting revenues:Copper: $500 annual duesLighting revenues to $4 million(Copper Sustaining Members are listed inthe March issue of LD+A, as well as in the IESNAAnnual Report.There are currently 233 CopperSustaining Members).Silver: $1,000 annual duesLighting revenues to $10 millionGold: $2,500 annual duesLighting revenues to $50 millionPlatinum: $5,000 annual duesLighting revenues to $200 millionEmerald: $10,000 annual duesLighting revenues to $500 millionDiamond: $15,000 annual duesLighting revenues over $500 millionIES SUSTAININGMEMBERSDIAMONDCooper LightingGeneral Electric Co.Lithonia LightingOSRAM SYLVANIA Products, Inc.Philips Lighting Co.EMERALDHolophane CorporationPLATINUMDay-Brite Capri OmegaLightolierLutron Electronics Co, Inc.GOLDALP Lighting Components Co.Altman Lighting, Inc.Barth Electric Co., Inc.BLV Licht und Vakuumtechnik GmbHThe Bodine CompanyEdison Price Lighting, Inc.Finelite, Inc.Florida Power Lighting SolutionsGardco LightingIndy Lighting, Inc.The Kirlin CompanyKurt Versen Co.LexaLite Int’l CorpLighting Services, Inc.LiteTouch, Inc.Louis Poulsen LightingLSI Industries, Inc.Martin Professional, Inc.Musco Sports Lighting, Inc.Niagara Mohawk Power CorpPrudential Lighting CorpSan Diego Gas & ElectricSPI LightingVista Professional Outdoor LightingZumtobel Staff Lighting, Inc.SILVERArdron-Mackie LimitedAssociated Lighting Representatives. Inc.Atofina Chemicals, Inc.Axis Lighting, Inc.Bartco Lighting, Inc.The Belfer GroupBeta Lighting, Inc.Birchwood Lighting, Inc.BJB Electric CorporationCanlyte Inc.City of San FranciscoCon Edison of New YorkCon-Tech LightingCustom Lighting Services LLCCustom Lights, Inc.Day Lite Maintenance Co.Defense Supply Center PhiladelphiaDelta Power Supply, Inc.EEMA IndustriesElko LtdElliptiparENMAXEnterprise Lighting SalesETC ArchitecturalEye Lighting IndustriesEye Lighting Int’l of NAFactory Sales AgencyFiberstarsFocal PointGammalux SystemsH E Williams, Inc.HAWA IncorporatedHigh End Systems, Inc.Hubbell Lighting, Inc.Illuminating Technologies, Inc.Kenall Mfg Co.Kramer LightingLee FiltersLegion Lighting Co.Lite TechLitecontrol CorpLitelab CorpLitetronics Int’l Inc.Lowel Light ManufcaturingLucifer Lighting Co.Manning LightingManitopba Hydr0Metalumen Manufacturing, Inc.Ningbo Liaoyuan Lighting Company Ltd.Northern Illumination Co., Inc.Optical Research AssociatesOptima Engineering PAParamount Industries, Inc.Portland General ElectricPremiere Lighting Associates, Inc.Prescolite, Inc.Reflex Lighting Group, Inc.Richard McDonald & Associates, Ltd. - CalgaryRichard McDonald & Associates, Ltd. - EdmontonSentry Electric CorporationShakespeare Composites & StructuresStage Front Presentation Sys.Stebnicki Robertson & AssociatesSternberg Vintage LightingSterner Lighting Systems. Inc.Strand Lighting, Inc.StressCrete King Luminaire Co.Sun IndustriesTennessee Valley AuthorityUniversal Electric Ltd.US Architectural Lighting/Sun Valley LightingUtility MetalsW J Whatley, Inc.WAC Lighting, Co.Wisconsin Public Service CorpXenon Light, Inc.As of September 2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . www.iesna.org . . . . . . . . 29. . LD+A . . . November . . . . . 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Members in the Newscontinued from previous pageSmithGroup in 1998 after earning abachelor of architectural engineering inlighting design from Pennsylvania StateUniversity. Manríquez has been withSmithGroup since 1997 when he wasrecruited from the University of Kansasafter earning a BS in architectural engineeringwith a lighting design emphasis.Manríquez is a senior lighting designerwho also won awards for several of hislighting design projects including Mc-Namara Terminal at Detroit MetropolitanAirport; Pfizer Administrative SupportFacility Cafeteria and ConferenceCenter,Ann Arbor, MI; and SmithGroup’sheadquarters in Detroit, MI.Obituary—RonaldKimm, 75IESNA member Ronald Kimm, whoworked for Columbia Lighting for 45years before retiring in 1996, died Oct. 1,2003. He was 75. A member of the LibertyPark United Methodist Church inSpokane,WA,since 1949,Mr.Kimm is survivedby his wife of 55 years, Geraldine;daughter, Colleen Moore, and her husband,John; sons, Collin Kimm and RandyKimm and wife, Dianne; daughter, DebbieWisher and husband Mark; 12 grandchildren;and two great-grandchildren.Share your newswith us!IES News120 Wall St., 17th FloorNew York, NY 10005Fax: (212) 248-5018continued on facing page. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . November . . . . . 2003 . . . LD+A . . . 30 . . . www.iesna.org. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

New MembersMembership CommitteeChair Jean Black announcedthe IESNA gained one SustainingMember and 67 Members(M), associate membersand student members in September.Sustaining MemberEastern Energy Services, Inc.,Medford, NJCanadian RegionAndrew J. Parker, Encelium Technologies,Inc.,Toronto, ONEast Central RegionDavid L. Fusco, N.E. Fisher & Associates,Inc., Boyertown, PABrian Williams, Pemco Lighting Products,Wilmington, DEGreat Lakes RegionMin Oh, Pittsburgh, PARobert J.Valvo Jr., Hasgo PowerEquipment Sales, Batavia, NYSouth Pacific CoastRobert L. Bingham,Associated LightingRepresentatives, Reno, NVMiguel A. Castellanos, ECOMEngineering, Sacramento, CACarol Caughey (M), Oregon StateUniversity, Corvallis, ORMarc C. Larby (M), LIGHT EXPRESS,San Rafael, CAKris L.Wilde (M), Creative Designs inLighting, Phoenix,AZMidwest RegionJonee Kulman Brigham, Maplewood, MNJon F. Hill (M),Terminal-Andrae, Inc.,Milwaukee,WIR. Douglas Hill (M), Dimension IV –Madison, Madison,WITeresa Price, City of Chesterfield,Chesterfield, MOPeter C. Schmidt (M), Behn-Kase Lighting& Art Services, Bloomington, MNKenneth Stearns, Stearns and Associates,Racine,WIFred Stohl (M), Holophane,Sun Prarie,WIJohn A.Talamo, Illuminated GuidanceSystems, Itasca, ILUniversity of Nebraska at OmahaTodd Herrmann, Michael Merwald,TimMischnick, Shawn StockwellSoutheastern RegionCarol E. Carr-Adams, Cooper Lighting,Peachtree City, GAStephen B. Cotton,Tilden CobnitzCooper, Orlando, FLChristopher B. Cox, CUH2A, Inc.,Atlanta, GAWilliam S. Gaddy Jr. (M),WSGEngineering, Inc.,Winder, GADavid A. Henderson (M),AmericanElectric Lighting, Conyers, GARichard S. Jones, SouthConnTechnologies, Inc.,West Columbia, SCSherry Kwintner, ComprehensiveSearch, Roswell, GADavid A. Ledbetter Sr.,World ElectricSupply Co., Jacksonville, FLUniversity of AlabamaJessica Alexander,Amy Ball,AdrienneBishop, Laura Brooks, CourtneyBryan, Holland Buckner, Mary BethCarpenter,Amanda Coleman, RussellCross, Lea Mosley, Camille Nalle,Celeste Perry, Julie Pounders, CarolynR. Roberts, Rachael Stewart,AmyWebb, Kristen Williamson, Mary AnnWoodNortheastern RegionAlejandro Guerrero,Amerlux Lighting,Inc., Fairfield, NJCarolyn S. Knowlton (M),Horton Lees Brogden LightingDesign, New York, NYNorthwest RegionDavid R. Chastian, Philips Lighting Co.,Everett,WAJanis I. Huston, Sand Dollar, Blaine,WABill Wessels (M), Hay, Zietlow &Associates,Anchorage,AKSouthwestern RegionBrent A.Andrews, Facility SolutionsGroup,Austin,TXRussell A. Baumbach (M), M.D.AndersonCancer Center, Houston,TXJack Hagler (M), Schuler & Shook, Inc.,Arlington,TXJohn T. Little Jr. (M), Oklahoma ElectricalSupply Co., Oklahoma City, OKPaul Mitchell, Sternberg Vintage Lighting,San Antonio,TXSteve Rowe, Lumen Power SourceWest, Inc., Englewood, COUniversity of North TexasGlenda Y. MercerForeignSalwa Al Barim, Dar Al-Hekma CollegeLibrary, Jeddah, Saudi ArabiaDaniel Arroyo (M), RaymondProfessional Group,Toa Alta, PuertoRicoYuhyi Azizan,Amat Sinar Sdn.Bhd,Selangor, MalaysiaGrant Daniels, Zumtobel Staff LightingLtd., Hayes, U.K.Arwin De Jesus, ElectrobusConsolidated, Inc., Quezon City,PhilippinesHyun-Ju Kim (M),Alto Lighting, Seoul,KoreaJose A. Perez (M), Perez JimenezArguitectos, San Juan, Puerto Rico2003 Presidential AwardsIn recognition of exceptional service to theSociety during the president’s term of office,thefollowing were recognized with the 2003Presidential Award at the conference: Kevin Flynn,Kiku Obata & Co., St. Louis, MO; Adam Lamar,Ontario,CA;Ralph Smith,Ralph Smith Engineering,Inc., Fredericton, NB, Canada; Karen Pero, PublicWorks Gov’t Services, QC, Canada; and RogerGervais, Standard Products, Inc., QC, Canada.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . www.iesna.org . . . . . . . . 31. . LD+A . . . November . . . . . 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

• applications & solutionsPHOTOS: JENS PETERSENThe Project: The Ruggles Hall, Newberry Library, Chicago ILThe Challenge: Recreating fixture design that dates back to the 1890sThe Solution: New state-of-the-art chandeliers and sconcesNothing Radical About ThisRedesignAt one time, people could look out the windows ofNewberry Library’s Ruggles Hall on to a park onceknown as Bughouse Square, where Chicago radicals andreformers would preach from their soapboxes to all whowould listen.Today, those in Ruggles may be more inclined to fixtheir gaze inward,at the newly remodeled lecture hall,illuminatedby three chandeliers and eight sconces that replicatethe design of the library’s original lobby fixture.Completed in 1893, the Newberry Library houses one ofthe largest collections of books and manuscripts in theU.S.relating to the civilizations of Western Europe and theAmericas. In addition to its research facilities, it sponsorsa wide range of concerts, seminars, lectures and educationalprograms. Two large columns have been removedallowing for improved sight lines and congregation to thecenter of the room.Wood paneling, floor to ceiling glasspaneleddoors, hardwood floors and custom-designed ceilings with cove lighting add warmth and improved acoustics.The original, ornate lobby fixture has had an interesting past. In the 19th century, it could be seen from the street, providing a showcasefor the library’s new electricity. Sometime later, a gaudy, globe-like fixture replaced it, according to Karen Skubish, Newberry directorof events, tours and volunteer programs. Then, during a 1960s’ renovation, the globe-like fixture was replaced by a replica of theoriginal chandelier constructed by Chicago lighting company New Metal Crafts (NMC).In November 2000, time had come to update the hall’s lighting. NMC was approached by Harry Wesse & Associates to completethis task. NMC was provided with architectural renderings of the hall and they remained focused on maintaining the original style anddesign while integrating new technologies into the new fixtures.The design department of NMC followed up with extensive studies of the lobby fixture itself, as well as old drawings located in thearchives. From these studies designers wereable to develop new sconces and chandeliersthat would be near-exact replicas of the existingfixture.The solid brass fixture with its gentlecurving arms has carbon filament warmyellow bulbs, a design typical of the turn ofthe last century.The designers challenge wasmaking each of the curved arms identical inshape and size and aligning each perfectly.Asthe replicated fixtures would have to be manufacturedwith different methods and techniquesthan the original ones, UL requirementsand 21st century materials had to beconsidered. Architects also solved energymanagement concerns with recessed andcove lighting luminaires, which provided therequired levels necessary for energy effectivelamping.These luminaires also had the advantageof pre-programmed lighting controls,something that did not exist at the time thebuilding was conceived or during previousrenovations.–John-Michael KobesPHOTO: TRICIA KONING. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . November . . . . . 2003 . . . LD+A . . . 32 . . . www.iesna.org. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

applications & solutions •Lighting Ruled Constitutional At Philadelphia MuseumAn easily adaptable, unobtrusive lighting system has enabled designers to illuminate a range of exhibits at the National ConstitutionCenter in Philadelphia – the first ever museum dedicated to the U.S. Constitution. Situated in the Philadelphia Independence NationalHistorical Park—America’s most historic square mile—the museum opened onJuly 4, 2003, 213 years to the day since the signing of the U.S. Constitution.As anindependent, non-profit organization, the aim of the center is to increase awarenessabout the Constitution and its relevance in Americans’ daily lives.Covering 160,000 sq ft,the museum was designed by architects Pei Cobb Freedand Partners and includes 67,785 sq ft of exhibit space. Exhibit planners RalphAppelbaum Associates decided to use interactive elements, such as the KimmelTheater – a 350-seat, star-shaped theater that shows a multi-media productioncombining film, a live actor and video projection on a 360-degree screen. TheAmerican Experience Exhibit includes a variety of interactive and multi-media displayswhile more traditional aspects of museum life still exist in areas such asSigners’ Hall, which contains 42 life size bronze statues of the 39 signatories tothe Constitution plus the three who dissented.With so many different aspects to the museum, lighting considerations were ofthe utmost importance. Lighting designers Fisher Marantz Stone were commissionedto design an innovative scheme and as with most museums, preservationand operating costs were major factors, as was the ability to be flexible with lightingdepending on the exhibits on display.“From the moment we started work onthe project, we were aware of just how flexible the lighting system needed to be,”said Charles Stone.“The museum incorporates a wide variety of displays, so weneeded to employ a system that would maximize all exhibits, while also makingsure it was integrated with the architecture.We also wanted to use fixtures,whichwere high in quality, yet small in size and incorporated orientation features.” Assuch, a series of low voltage fixtures, wall washes and spotlights from LightingServices Inc. were used in the installation to provide optimum lighting conditionsunder that to display the various exhibits.Products specified included low voltage spotlights including the 260, 236 and216 series miniaturized spotlight,as well as the M2901 series metal halide,238 linevoltage fixture and 239 series wall wash, plus various beam softeners and spreadlenses.Barry Citrin,associate principal in charge of the project,said a lot of thought went into choosing the fixtures for themuseum. “The brief we were working to was often vague,since at the time it wasn’t known exactly where each exhibitwould be placed. And while some of the displays are permanent,others are likely to change throughout the year, so thelighting had to be capable of changing with the displays.Because all the fixtures simply click into the lighting track, it isvery easy to relocate them anywhere in the building as necessary.”Appropriate for museum applications, the relatively new239 Series Wall Wash is designed specifically to light verticalsurfaces evenly from top to bottom, while also taking energyconservation into account by utilizing PAR38 lamps up to 250watts.“When exhibits aren’t permanent and when their positionwithin a museum isn’t confirmed, it’s sometimes challengingto devise a lighting scheme which will complement boththe displays and the building which houses them,” said Citrin.“These products make our job somewhat easier since eachfixture offers the option of attaching various accessories, fromlenses which shape the beam of the light, to the option ofattaching UV filters to protect the exhibits from harmful ultravioletrays.”—John-Michael KobesThe Project: The National Constitution Center, Philadelphia, PAThe Challenge: Flexible lighting system that works well with exhibitsand displays of all sizes.The Solution: Low voltage spotlights, metal halides, line voltage fixturesand wall washers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . www.iesna.org . . . . . . . . 33. . LD+A . . . November . . . . . 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .PROFILEFusionTheoryARCHITECTURE,MUSIC, WATER,MOTION AND,YES, LIGHT,CONVERGETO HELPILLUMINATINGCONCEPTS’RON HARWOODCREATE THEULTIMATE‘IMMERSIONEXPERIENCE’By Paul TarriconeAt the Village Courtyard of theChandler (Az.) Fashion Center two musicalperformance fountains work in tandem toproduce hourly shows throughout the day.Once the sun has set, the shows becomeeven more spectacular with supportinglight shows and gobo projectionscast over the crowds, engulfing them insaturated color and motion. A number ofthe intelligent lights were specificallypositioned to catch the mist createdby the fountain, creating a third andholographic dimension. The project alsorepresents Harwood’s focus on “scripting”a design scheme based on demographicssupplied by the client.PHOTO: SCOTT STEPHENS, ILLUMINATING CONCEPTSFusion is all the rage. Fusion of politics and entertainment, sports andpolitics, entertainment and sports, news and entertainment. WitnessCalifornia, where Arnold Schwarzenegger deftly managed to merge allof the above. Not to be outdone, the architectural and design world boasts itsown guru of fusion.Enter Ron Harwood, president and founder of Illuminating Concepts,Farmington Hills, MI., who is combining elements such as light, motion andwater (not to mention Earth, Wind and Fire) to create what his firm calls a“complete multimedia immersion experience” in studio stores, stadiums,malls, museums, airports and even zoos worldwide.Fusion of engineering, lighting design and entertainment has been a longrunningtheme in Harwood’s career. In 1972, while working full-time as anelectrical contractor and engineer—“I knew something about watts, ampsand volts from my father, uncle and grandfather who had electrical businesses”—Harwood,who had studied folk-blues music and taught himself to playguitar at 13, began touring with performers including Bonnie Raitt, SippieWallace and John Lee Hooker. “I wreaked havoc with the lighting designers,telling them how to light the artists and stage.” At this point, though, hiscareer was still running on parallel tracks, engineering and music, “like twotrunks of a tree,” he says. “It was five days contracting and Friday throughMonday morning playing at the festivals,” he says. But when his larger clients(commercial property developers like Nederlander) explained that they wantedto continue working with him as a designer but couldn’t guarantee that hewould win the contracting bid on their projects, he stopped contracting andstarted Illuminating Concepts in 1981 as a lighting design firm.Today, IC positions itself as a one-stop “turnkey” provider offering a broad. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . November . . . . . 2003 . . . LD+A . . . . 34. . www.iesna.org. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .PROFILEWarner Bros.’ Arndale Center location in Manchester, England(one of 164 designed by IC), provided Illuminating Conceptswith its first opportunity to create an “immersion experience.”The show system integrated a performance water feature,animatronics, vibrant audio and ceiling lighting effects andfilm sequences spanning 120 ft across. Complexities withcoordinating and integrating these elements led to develop anown all-encompassing control solution—MediamorFX.PHOTO: COURTESY of JGA, INC. (PROJECT DESIGNERS/ARCHITECTS)scope of services that include concept design and development;special effects; project management; audio systemsdesign, water feature design; fixture design and fabrication;and the all-encompassing immersion experiencedesign. The company has some 30 employees and isactive in markets ranging from retail to casinos, malls,restaurants and airports. Recently, IC has been focusingspecifically on urban redevelopment projects and hasbeen named the lighting and entertainment strategy specialistliaison to the City of Detroit.Along the way, Harwood has claimed more than 50 internationalawards, including three IIDA awards (one in 2003for the Paterna Leisure Entertainment Center in Spain), is afrequent author and guest speaker at conferences and hasmore than a dozen product patents to his name.But don’t be fooled by all the glitz. Ironically, for a guywho has created whiz-bang designs for entertainmentgiants such as Disney and Warner Bros., Harwood is distinctlyunderstated—perhaps a reflection of a speak-softlyand-carry-a-bigstick design philosophy. “He’s down toearth, which is great,” says Bruce Fabel, president of ButterflyLife, a women’s fitness and lifestyle chain, who earliercollaborated with Harwood as development directorfor the Warner Bros. and Nike store roll-outs. “He can workwith people like Donald Trump on the New York Nike project,and still come across as a real human being fromDetroit who you can have a cup of coffee with.”“Ron and his team understand how to work effectivelywith project designers to support, enhance and enlivenproject themes,” adds Jay Liese, principal-in-charge of theNew York office of architects Corgan Associates, whichrecently collaborated with Harwood and IC on the BritishAirways Terminal project (LD+A, August 2003).That’s EntertainmentA turning point for the firm occurred in 1988 when IClanded Disney as a client. That’s the moment at whicharchitectural lighting and theatrical design began to converge.The key component? “One word: color,” says Har-At Aston Martin Jaguar of Tampa, Fl., IC’s design team soughtto bring the atmosphere and excitement associated with largeauto shows into the retail environment. The outcome was a lightingand audio system that provides vibrant product illumination,subtle effects and brand logo projection across the interior duringbusiness hours and a full scale light show after 8 pm, whichbrings passing traffic to a standstill. The MediamorFX softwareallows for fully automatic operation of the entire lighting and audioinstallation. Metal mesh screens were selected to partition thecars, giving them their own “showroom”; the mesh also provideda brilliant surface on which to project, both day and night.PHOTO: LASZLO REGOS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . www.iesna.org . . . . . . . . 35. . LD+A . . . November . . . . . 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .PROFILE(opposite and below) The Heron City Entertainment Centersthroughout Europe all employ kinetic iconic structures toraise awareness of activity within. Varied, programmed lightingand special effects assist in bringing these towers to life,and when called upon they are part of center-wide light,sound and water performances.PHOTO: JORGE ANDREUwood. Color had been exploited in theatrical and concertapplications but had been underutilized in architecturallighting. Disney’s new crop of in-house designers, however,was ready to apply it to their projects. “Many of Disney’slighting designers came from theater and saw theneed for Disney to light retail, facades and architecture.”Indeed, from 1988-1991, IC handled three to six majorstore renovations per year; ride and theme park lighting;and several projects in the lodge division.Disney served as the catalyst for IC to land Warner Bros.as a client in 1991. “Warner Bros. had no concept of whatkind of environment to create for retail,” says Fabel. “Ronand I walked around the Warner Bros. studio to get ideasfor the retail lighting, and he was able to take that look andreplicate it to create retail fixtures.”“When Warner Bros. decided to roll out stores globallyafter the success of their first three prototypes, it becameobvious that a ‘pseudo-theatrical system’ was necessary toreduce costs and installation time,” says Harwood, whodesigned and patented a metal truss system that was benton a press and had a lighting system fabricated that putdischarge lamps into deep-drawn PAR cans. The truss systemsupported all of the lights and speakers and used normaltrack for a power supply takeoff. The resulting systemsaved 50 percent on both energy and labor, and was ULand CE listed in the U.S. and Europe.All totaled, Illuminating Concepts participated in 164studio store projects for Warner Bros. from 1991-1996. By1993, however, there were stirrings at Warner Bros. “Theywere asking, ‘How can we do better?” says Harwood.“People get spoiled when they get used to a design.” Theresponse from IC was the design of videowalls with animation,integrating light. Once again, though, the questionbecame, “Can you top this?” Explains Harwood, “In1995, it was videowall, ‘wow.’ By 1997, it was videowall,‘boring.’ Designs are like a freeway. By the time they arebuilt, they’re already outdated. We look three to five yearsdown the road, in terms of flexibility of space, conduitsand digital capability built into the design. Most multimediadesigns are built for Year One.”The next project for WB proved to be a seminal momentin immersion experience design: the Arndale Mall inManchester. The mall represented the first time that ICbrought together lighting, music, water and motion. “Thelandlord gave us $1 million to create a show in the mall,”says Fabel. The design included a cartoon movie on thestore’s 100 ft by 100 ft dome ceiling; a sound track foreach character; and sequenced lighting. “When you seepeople interviewed on CNN and see their response to thework—that’s the applause. [The project proved that] architecturecan be a show,” says Harwood.As the firm’s scope of service evolved, staff expertisewas added in areas such as video projection and IT, whileproduct development addressed “the stigma” of mallshows, after some mall owners reported bad experienceswith manual light and sound shows. As a result IC developedMediamorFX, a hands-free technology that fusesmultimedia systems via software, digital hardware andcontent. The system allows stand-alone features such aslight, sound and special FX to combine automatically.Pre-immersion ImmersionIC’s role on the design team and the timing of its creativeinput varies from project to project. “We work withthe architect—or for the architect —at least half the timeand for the owner/client the other half. Some architectscall us when they are bidding a project to ask us to be partof their team resume. Some architects even ask us to presenta project concept for consideration before they havea contract,” says Harwood. “Of course, there are the typicaltimes when a client or architect call and asks IC tosquirt whipped cream on the cake after it is already baked!This makes life more complicated but we always obligehoping that the next time we can have some creative inputearlier in the process.”In the best-case scenario, the immersion experience willactually cut two ways. Before IC creates its dazzling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . November . . . . . 2003 . . . LD+A . . . . 36. . www.iesna.org. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .PROFILEdesigns, the firm likes to delve deeply into theclient’s business and marketing goals. In otherwords, immersion begets immersion.IC initiates these projects by analyzing theclient’s branding strategies, regional demographicsand target audience. Based on thisresearch, the design team develops an “eventclock,” which scripts visitor movement andidentifies under-utilized areas throughout thescheme. Next, they devise an “entertainmentstrategy,” which infuses the environment—from the parking lot to the cash register—withthe combination of special effects that consumersultimately experience.Harwood explains. “Once it is assumed thatlighting, sound and special effects or featureswill be part of the architectural enhancements,the strategy is to utilize the tools to their maximumeffect. The methodology we use is toparticipate in owner-authored charrettes withfirms like MRA Associates in Philadelphia orERA in Los Angeles where the customer profilesreveal the potential weak spots, or wherebusiness is likely to be weak because of thedemographics. For instance, some areas of the countryhave mature and more affluent clientele and others have agrowing, youthful and less affluent potential market. In themall we just completed in Chandler, AZ, the consumerbase on weekdays was young mothers and fathers fromthe tech world. On Fridays and Saturdays, our potentialaudience included Mexican and Native American familiesthat would need to drive 45 minutes to two hours to shopthere. Our strategy was to produce a light, sound andwater show that worked during the day and evening, butwe varied the song list to encompass the tastes of a wideraudience. The light and water show became so popularand well received that we drew a larger audience fromthose driving two hours than we had hoped for. Moreover,PHOTOS: RON HARWOODwe drew more moms with kids during the day than theprofiles had projected.”Not surprisingly, the level of “scripting” provided by ICdepends on the client. The large media companies mayhave a script concept in mind, while property developersoften look to IC as a one-stop shop. Because Disney andWarner Bros. “have such amazing in-house scripting and‘vision’ talent, we facilitated their imaginations with hardwareand software,” says Harwood. “As the years passed,we became more adept at creating our own visions for aspace, which included content development (lighting,audio, video) and even architectural enhancements. Whena media giant comes to us with a script for their experience,we follow it with a ‘media script’ that punctuatestheir words with reactions in light and our other skills.When an entrepreneur comes to us with an architecturalendeavor that it wishes to animate to attract a consumerbase as well as create a brand identity, then we put ourscripting hats on and give them the whole shebang.”Another challenge is choosing the right medium forcommunicating the concept to an owner who might notbe tech savvy or who might have a hard time envisioningthe entire package. “Just the other day, we presented anentire casino interior and exterior to a client without theneed for ‘inspiration boards.’ Instead we used video clips,computer renderings and animations – all with a specificmusical backdrop for each of the eight areas we presented.Of course we had the boards as a back-up, whichproved useful to the interior designers as they presentedtheir work to the client,” says Harwood.The Next ActSo what is the next act in this performance?“Immersion experiences are still in an infant stage.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . www.iesna.org . . . . . . . . 37. . LD+A . . . November . . . . . 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .PROFILEPHOTO: SCOTT STEPHENS, ILLUMINATING CONCEPTSExcept for a dozen of our projects, which include themeparks like Universal Islands of Adventure and the HeronCity projects in Europe, we have not seen an explosion butrather a steady growth in creating holistic environments.Certainly, one can look at the massive ‘theming’ in LasVegas and see how successful most of those projects are.The interesting thing is that very few of them have usedlight in motion, coupled with sound and special effects tocreate a real immersion experience.”Las Vegas will set the tone for other applications, predictsHarwood. “I’m confident that more creative use of allforms of media will proliferate on the Strip. This will trickledown to other public spaces, like Compuware’s headquartersin Detroit, Jimmy Buffet’s Margaritaville’s and thenext mega-mall coming soon to a location near you.”Harwood is also quick to separate true immersion fromisolated special effects. “Just because we see lights, hearmusic and watch a water feature does not mean we havecreated an immersion experience. The real trick is mediafusion—and this is the next wave coming. IC has spent sixyears and tons of money developing software that literallygets inside of all of these sensory elements and creates avehicle for them to work seamlessly with each other orseparately; the goal being to make the sum greater thanDetroit’s Comerica Park, home of the baseball Tigers, providesperhaps the best “immersion experience” of any major sportingvenue. Outside, the undersides of the upper decks glow withcolor all year round; from tiger stripes to red, white and blue.IC implemented an immense “home run” show system thatincorporates intelligent lighting, park-wide audio, a 120-ft longperformance water feature and a string of strobe fixtures thatring the stadium’s roof. When a home run is hit, one of25 buttons on a touch screen interface is pushed to unleashthe entire light, water, sound and strobe performance.the individual pieces. Further, animation still requires electro-mechanicalequipment. The next years will see areporting protocol that helps us and our clients maintainthe show quality. Our MediamorFX software already trackseverything but the condition of the lamps and motors inthe fixtures and is ready to do the rest when our industryswitches over to the new two-way communications.”Then there’s the challenge e-commerce might pose tothe retail immersion experience. Simply put, will thoseincreasingly gravitating to Amazon.com et. al. respond tothe bells-and-whistles of themed environments? Neverfear, says Harwood. “I think the next tickler for e-commerceis for people to log on to cameras in real stores aswell as virtual ones. Home shoppers can talk to a live salesassistant and pick what they want over the Internet.Imagine a personalized version of the Home ShoppingNetwork. We will be ready to give them a real show whenthat happens.”No doubt, the show will be something to behold.PHOTO: SCOTT STEPHENS, ILLUMINATING CONCEPTSAn array of lighting, sculpture, video and audio serve to helprelax travelers as they flow through the British Airways Terminalat JFK. The vast expanses of glass across the front façade weretreated with light diffusing film that allows colored andpatterned projection to be viewed as you approach the entrance.Over 80 intelligent High End Systems moving lights combineto produce ethereal shows within the lobby areas.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . November . . . . . 2003 . . . LD+A . . . . 38. . www.iesna.org. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P R O G R E S S R E P O R T 2 0 0 3PrOgREsSREPoRT2003The 2003 Progress Report is loaded with the latest developments in theart and science of lighting. New products, publications, applications—128 in all—are presented here by the Progress Committee for the benefitof the IESNA membership.If LD+A and www.iesna.org are your only exposure to this review, you’remissing out. Each year at the IESNA Annual Conference, the Committee goesto great lengths to make the presentation entertaining as well as educational.This year’s presentation in Chicago featured a send-up of the city’s icons,including Siskel & Ebert, as well as a spoof of the film and musical “Chicago.”That’s Chicago... and this is the 2003 Progress Report.PrOgREsS comMitTeE RosTErPaula ZiegenbeinChairOSRAM SYLVANIAHoward LewisVice ChairLighting AlternativesEric LindSecretaryLutron ElectronicsBruce Belfer*The Belfer GroupKristin Bernick*MidStates LightingWilliam Busch*Day-Brite/Capri/OmegaRobert Catone*Guth LightingJohn ColeBoyd CorbettLightologyJerry FlautoGE Lighting Co.James FowlerRambusch LightingDon Fraley*Dauphin ElectricClaudia Gabay JonesElectra-LumeJohn GreenHolophaneAndrea HartranftCM Kling & AssociatesThomas Hunter*Lithonia LightingPeter JacobsonConsolidated Edison of NYDavid KinkaidMichael KleinMetropolitan Engineering, Inc.David Krailo*OSRAM SYLVANIAMark LeinCooper LightingWilliam Maiman*ESTAKathleen PackardBNA Consulting EngineersEdwin RambuschRambusch DecoratingCompanyWilliam RyanPhilips Lighting Company.Anthony SerresAWS ConsultingGregory WidmanCooper Lighting*Advisory Member. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . www.iesna.org . . . . . . . . 39. . LD+A . . . November . . . . . 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P R O G R E S S R E P O R T 2 0 0 3OSRAM SYLVANIA has introducedthis new 40-W halogenPAR lamp. It is the onlyinfrared conserving PAR20lamp. The lamps have a life ratingof 4000 hours. They incorporatespiral facets in thereflector as well as patentedspiral lenticular layouts on thelens that are designed to delivera smooth, round beam patternthat is free from hot spotsand stray light. The lamps areavailable in 10, 30 and 40degree beam patterns.cOnfIdENTiAlThese new halogen infraredPAR38 lamps introduced byGE Lighting use an exclusivesilver coating to improve lampperformance. They are availablein 45, 55 and 90-W sizesand are rated at 4000 hourslife. Each lamp is available in a10 degree spot or 25 degreeflood beam pattern. The lampsare rated for 800, 1050 and2030 lm.GE Lighting has also introducedthis family of PAR38lamps that utilize a silver coating.They are available in 53,66 and 79 watts and rated at3000 hours life. Each lamp sizeis offered in a 10 degree spotand a 25 degree flood. Theirlumen ratings are 800, 1050and 1310, respectively, whichis comparable to the 60, 75and 90-W standard PAR38lamps they are designed toreplace.This family of MR16 lampsintroduced by Ushio Americafeatures a halogen capsule surroundedby a frosted reflectorand diffuse front cover glasswhich eliminates the back-spillof dichroic color. They are availablein 20, 35 and 50-W sizesand have a rated life of 4000hours. They can be used instandard GU5 three lamp holdersand their wide A-line typelight distribution makes themsuitable for pendant glass fixtures.Another new family of MR16lamps has also been introducedby Ushio America. Theyfeature a frosted front coverglass that reduces glare andevenly distributes the light. Thetitanium oxide reflector coatingprovides consistent colorthroughout the life of the lamp.The 20, 35 and 50-W lampshave a life rating of 4000 hours,while the 75-W lamp carries a3500/hour life rating. All lampshave a beam angle of 30degrees.These new 28-W energy savingT8 lamps introduced byOSRAM SYLVANIA reduceenergy consumption by 12.5percent when operated onstandard instant start T8 ballasts.The lamps are claimed tooffer the lowest system powerin the industry when operatedon the low ballast factor, programmedrapid start ballasts inone, two, three and four lampconfigurations. Lamp life is18,000 hours on instant startballasts and 24,000 hours onprogrammed start, reducedballast factor equipment.GE Lighting has introducedthis new 28-W T8 lamp andballast system. This system willoperate two, three or fourlamps and is available in low,normal and high ballast factordesigns. On the low ballast factorsystem, the power consumptionis 44, 65 and 87watts respectively. This is theonly T8 lamp/ballast systemthat has low system power andcombines the ballast featuresof UL Type CC, anti-arc rating,anti striation control, activecurrent regulation and anindustry low 1.4 lamp currentcrest factor. The lamps arerated at 2750 lm and carry alife rating of 15,000 hours atthree hours per start and20,000 hours at 12 hours perstart.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . November . . . . . 2003 . . . LD+A . . . . 40. . www.iesna.org. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P R O G R E S S R E P O R T 2 0 0 3TOp SeCREtRated at 55 watts, these new8-ft energy saving T8 lampshave the lowest power rating inthe industry. Introduced byOSRAM SYLVANIA, theselamps have a rated life of24,000 hours.This new reduced wattage, 6-in.T8 U-lamp introduced byOSRAM SYLVANIA is an industryfirst. The lamps draw sixpercent less energy than standardlamps operated on aninstant start ballast and up to16 percent less energy whenoperated on program start electronicballasts with reducedballast factors. They have arated life that is 20 percentlonger than standard T8 lampsand are rated for 18,000 hourson instant start ballasts and24,000 hours on programmedrapid start ballasts when thelamps are operated at threehours per start.OSRAM SYLVANIA has introducedthis family of 28-WT5 lamps that are available inred, blue and green phosphors.The lamps are designed for usein those applications where coloredlight is desired for specialeffects. The use of rare earthphosphors to generate the colorsreduces the loss in lampefficacy as compared to filteringconventional T5 lamps.They will operate on the sameelectronic ballasts that aredesigned to operate standard28-W, T5 lamps and offer thesame lamp life.FOr your EyeS ONlyPhilips Lighting has introducedthis family of 4-ft, 32-W,T8 lamps that have the longestlife in the industry. They carry alife rating of 30,000 hours atthree hours per start, extendingto 36,000 hours at 12 hours perstart. Rated at 3100 lm initially,these lamps have a meanlumen rating of 1950. They areavailable in color temperaturesof 3000, 3500, 4100 and5000K and each has a CRI of86. The lamps are CaliforniaTTLC compliant, and the manufacturerstates that the lampsare fully dimmable withoutburn-in.The first TCLP compliant T5and T5HO lamps are availablefrom Philips Lighting in thenominal four-foot length andare rated for 28 and 54 watts,respectively. The performanceof these lamps for lumen outputand life remain the same asthose for the non-TCLP compliantproducts in all color temperatures.This new family of high output 60, 85 and 120-W compact fluorescentlamps and ballasts has been jointly introduced byAdvance Transformer Company and Philips Lighting. The lampsare rated for 4000, 6000 and 9000 initial lumens respectively andare available in color temperatures of 3000 and 4100K. All lampshave a color-rendering index of 82. These triple tube compact fluorescentlamps have a life rating of 20,000 hours. The electronicballast for this lamp family is designed to operate any one ofthese lamps with system wattages of 70, 95 and 140 wattsrespectively. The system is intended to serve as a replacement forHID light sources in a wide variety of applications.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . www.iesna.org . . . . . . . . 41. . LD+A . . . November . . . . . 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P R O G R E S S R E P O R T 2 0 0 3TOp SeCREtIntroduced by GE Lighting,this new medium screw-basedcompact fluorescent passes allof the Energy Star specifications.It is rated at 42 watts andhas the smallest maximumoverall length of 6.4 in. It will fitwithin a standard 8.5-in. harp,without harp removal. Thelamp is rated for 2650 lm andhas a color-rendering index of82 at a color temperature of2700K. This lamp has a ratedlife of 10,000 hours and isdesigned to start reliably attemperatures as low as –10degree F.This Energy Star qualified16-W compact fluorescentlamp has been introduced byPhilips Lighting and has a onepieceglass reflector bulb. It israted at 590 lm and has a 5.4-in. maximum overall length,which is a smaller size and hasa higher light output than theprevious model. The lamp carriesa 7000-hour rated life, andis UL approved for use in wetlocations. It is a direct replacementfor a 65-W BR30 lamp.The lamp is rated at 2700K,having a CRI of 82.This new Mini-Householdcompact fluorescent lampintroduced by Philips Lightingis Energy Star qualified and issimilar in look and light outputto a standard 60-W incandescentlamp. The lamp is rated at16 watts and generates 800 lm.It has a color temperature of2700K, with a CRI of 82 and israted at 6000 hours life. It isdesigned to fit most tablelamps with harps of seveninches or greater.November 2003 LD+A 42Expanding its product offeringof compact fluorescentglass reflector lamps, GELighting introduced these 11and 23 watt versions. The 11-Wlamp uses a R20 bulb, whilethe 23-W lamp is housed in anR40 bulb. They are the firstcompact fluorescent lampswith the soft, diffuse light outputof incandescent reflectorlamps. They have a life ratingof 10,000 hours and have acolor temperature rating of2700K with a color-renderingindex of 82.Litetronics Internationalhas introduced this family ofmedium screw-based compactfluorescent lamps. The lampsare available in 5, 8, 11 and 12-W sizes and are fully dimmableon normal wall dimmers. Basedon cold cathode operation, thelamps are rated for 25,000hours and operate from -20 to+150 degree F. The lamps areavailable in color temperaturesof 2700 and 4000K as well asblue, green and red primary colors.The lamps are designed tostart in microseconds so theymay be used in applicationssuch as message centers withoutany trailing or blurring ofthe message.www.iesna.orgExpanding its family ofIcetron electrodeless fluorescentlamps, OSRAM SYLVA-NIA has introduced productshaving a color temperature of5000K in 70, 100 and 150-Wsizes. They have been designedfor applications that requirehigher color temperatures suchas internally illuminated signsand display lighting. The newtwo-pin connector system betweenthe lamp and ballast willfit through a one half-inchdiameter conduit, making foreasier installation.This new 150-W metalhalide lamp incorporates aspherical ceramic arc tube andhas been introduced byOSRAM SYLVANIA. It is theonly 150-W lamp in the industryrated at 3000K. It has acolor-rendering index of 89.The lamp incorporates a mediumscrew base and may beoperated in any burning position.It is designed to run onconventional M102 ballastsand may be operated in eitheropen or enclosed luminaires.The spherical arc tube designoperates with a more uniformarc-tube temperature, resultingin more stable lamp color.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P R O G R E S S R E P O R T 2 0 0 3Venture Lighting Internationalhas introduced this 340-W metal halide lamp for deepdimming applications on highfrequency electronic ballasts. Itoffers stable operation from100 to 35 percent of rated lamppower. The lamp has a ratedcolor temperature of 4000K at70 CRI. It may be operated inthe vertical position +/-15degree in open luminaires andincorporates an EX39 exclusionarymogul base. The lamphas a rated life of 20,000 hourswith an 80 percent survival atthat point. The lamp has amean system efficacy of 78lm/W compared to a 50 LPWfor a standard 400-W metalhalide lamp on a CWA ballast.This new 125-W pulse-startmetal halide lamp and ballastcombination has also beenintroduced by VentureLighting International. Thelamp utilizes a mogul base andED28 bulb shape. Rated at15,000 hours in the base upposition, this new lamp offers a50 percent longer life thanstandard 175-W metal halidelamps. It carries an initiallumen rating of 12,500 and anefficacy of 96 lm/W. The lamphas a color temperature of4000K and a color-renderingindex of 65. It is designed to beoperated in enclosed luminaires.Ushio America has introducedthis family of DC gas dischargelamps for use in medical,scientific, industrial andentertainment applications.The lamps are designed withgeometries that enable alignmentin dichroic, visible light orUV coated reflectors. They arecomparable to metal halidesources in efficacy, but havetwo to five times the life ratingof other lamps designed forthese applications. Lamp life is2000 hours for the 200, 270and 350-W sizes, and 1000hours for the 600 watt product.This family of ED17 ceramicmetal halide lamps, introducedby Philips Lighting, has thelongest rated lamp life in theindustry. The 4000K lamps in70, 100 and 150 watts carry alife rating of 20,000 hours andthe 3000K lamps in 70 and 100watts have a life rating of16,000 hours. The 4000Klamps have a CRI of 92, andthe 3000K lamps are 85. Alllamps are designed to pass theTCLP test.Venture Lighting Internationalhas introduced this new875-W pulse-start metal halidelamp. It is designed to operatein the horizontal burning position+/-45 degree and utilizes aBT37 bulb shape. It carries aninitial lumen rating of 95,000and is rated at 71,300 meanlumens. The lamp has an efficacyof 109 lm/W. It is an energysaving retrofit opportunityfor old 1000-W metal halidesystems.cOnfIdENTiAl

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P R O G R E S S R E P O R T 2 0 0 3smallest published color shift of+/-150K. The lamp carries aninitial lumen rating of 29,000 at300 watts and 30,000 lm at320 watts. It also has the highestceramic metal halide meanlumen rating of 80 percent.The first ceramic metalhalide lamp in a PAR64 envelopehas been introduced byGE Lighting. The lamp is ratedat 150 watts and can be operatedin any burning position onstandard ANSI M81, M102 orM142 ballasts with ignitors.They are available in color temperaturesof 3000 and 4000K,with the 3000K lamp having aCRI greater than 80 and the4000K lamp having a CRIgreater than 90. They have arated life of 8000 hours andhave the industry’s smallestcolor shift of +/-150K. Theselamps are available in spot,medium flood and wide floodbeam patterns.Expanding its family ofceramic metal halide lamps,GE Lighting has introducedthe only 300/320-W pulse startlamp that can be operated onANSI M132, M154 or M151ballasts. It is designed for a vertical,base up position in enclosedor open luminaires. Thelamp has a CRI rating of 92 at acolor temperature of 3700Kand carries the industry’sThis new 70-W ceramicmetal halide lamp in a T4 bulbshape has been introduced byPhilips Lighting. Rated at 6400initial and 5440 mean lumens,this lamp delivers the highestmean lumen output and CRI inthe industry. The lamp is ratedat 3000K having a CRI of 83.With a rated life of 6000 hours,this universal burning lamp isdesigned for use on electronicballasts only and features anintegrated UV blocking medium.It serves as an energy efficientalternative to halogensources for such applications asretail display lighting.This new compact 100-W,white SON lamp and ballastsystem has been jointly introducedby, Advance TransformerCompany and PhilipsLighting. The new systemaffords luminaire designers theopportunity to miniaturize fixturedesigns and increase fixtureefficiency. The lamp hasan efficacy of 50 lm/W, morethan twice that of tungstenhalogen lamps.High PRIorityIntroduced by OSRAM SYLVANIA, this mercury-free lampoffers improved efficacy over other Xenon based fluorescent systemsdue to a patented high frequency pulsed mode operation.The lamp electrodes have a dielectric barrier coating enablingthem to have long lamp life independent of switching cycles. Themercury-free technology offers nearly instant full and consistentlight output across a wide range of ambient temperatures. Thelamp also incorporates a 75 degree aperture to increase lamp surfacebrightness and eliminate the need for a reflector system.This year, we are acknowledginga trend of LED technologyimprovements and integratingLEDs into luminairesthat previously used conventionalsources. These itemswere displayed in the TrendRoom located in the bookstoreduring the Conference.Lumileds Lighting has introducedthis new 3200K LEDthat has a rated output of 22 or22 to 25 lm/W. Having a highR9 value, this LED has a colorrenderingindex of 85. Ratedlife is 50,000 hours with 70percent lumen maintenance.The output closely mimics thespectral output of halogen overthe visible range withenhanced blue content. The32-W LED module delivers performancecomparable to a 60-W PAR38 halogen lamp.This new linear LED moduleis the first to incorporate threechips in a single, surface mountLED and has been introducedby OSRAM SYLVANIA. Eachof the 30 LEDs on the linearmodule contains a red, blueand green chip that can beindependently controlled formaximum color flexibility.Each module can be subdividedinto multiples of 10 LEDsand operates on a 24-V DCpower supply. The modules arecompatible with any 0-10-Vcontroller.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . November . . . . . 2003 . . . LD+A . . . . 44. . www.iesna.org. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P R O G R E S S R E P O R T 2 0 0 3The Orion Ara 15 and ALseries of luminaires from BruckLighting Systems utilizes asmart LED and power supply toprovide a universal input voltagecapability of 85-to-277volts. The power supply automaticallyadjusts itself to anyvoltage in this range throughthe use of a smart IC component.A low voltage version thataccepts inputs of 9-to-15 voltsDC is also available.GELcore from GE Lightingprovides the first flexible LEDlighting system for under-cabinetand accent lighting. Thesystem uses 18-in. strips thatcontain five cool white LEDsand a self-contained powersupply. Each strip installs easilyusing self-adhesive positioningtabs..hessamerica has introducedMillenio, a pole-mounted LEDluminaire. The fixture uses 900LEDs with a 3700K color temperatureand a total power consumptionof 50 watts. Opticallenses redirect light to providea wide Type 1 distribution. Thefixture mounts on an aluminumpole that includes verticalT slots to allow for mountingof accessories such aswaste receptacles and signage.Lucifer has introduced theFusion Light Module, the firstLED closet light. The use of theLED source allows for the fixtureto be installed in directproximity to clothing, unlikeincandescent or fluorescent fixturesthat must meet the clearancesof NEC 410.8. The fixturecan be fabricated as modulesthat plug together or in customlengths.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P R O G R E S S R E P O R T 2 0 0 3io has introduced two newarchitectural luminaires. TILE isa luminous geometric formthat can be surface mounted,recessed into walls and ceilingsor pendant mounted, usingLEDs to edge glow an opticalwaveguide. TILE can be used toprovide visual cues.PLANE from io is a 6-in.square zinc cast product only1.2 in. deep. PLANE mountsdirectly to a junction box andthe perimeter edge glow providesthe illusion that it is floating.The product can be usedoutdoors to serve as a markerlight for building or bridgedemarcation, steplight, wallsconce or signage.The first LED dock light hasbeen introduced by LightingAlternatives, Inc. The DOCK-LED luminaire is UL listed andhas up to 100,000 hours oflamp life at only 25 input watts.The DOCK-LED luminaire hasan aluminum housing and iswet location listed.Fail-Safe, a Cooper LightingCompany, has introduced ahospital bed light with an LEDbuilt into one end. This multifunctionallight features theexamination and night-lightbut also has the LED for chartreading. The nurse no longerneeds to blast the patient withthe fluorescent light to read thecharts since the more subtle,LED downlight feature can beused.cOnfIdENTiAlSubmitted by the RadiantLighting division of BelferGroup, this new series of LEDfixtures has an IP68 rating,which allows them to be usedin wet and even underwatermounting locations. The seriesincludes Porfido—a walk-overand drive-over paver, Sasso—awalk-over landscape stone, theRoof—a wall or ceiling pocketand the Walkie LED series ofmarker, pier mount and bollardfixtures. All the units are availablein white, amber, green,blue or red sources.The first LED illuminator forremote source lighting systems,has been introduced byRadiant Lighting. This 5-W,12-V AC illuminator connectsto standard low voltage transformersand can be daisychainedfor larger installations.Available standalone or forStarry Sky Systems, this uniqueilluminator will light up to 150of the 0.50 mm fibers, 99 ofthe 0.75 mm fibers or 57 of the1.0 mm fibers. It is offered as astatic system or with twinkleeffects.OSRAM SYLVANIA has developedthis 10-V power supplyfor LEDs. The newOptotronic line of power suppliesincludes 25 and 50 wattversions, both of which are ULrecognized and CSA approved.The 50 watt model is rated foroutdoor damp locations and isideal for signs. The operatingtemperature of these componentsranges from -20 to +50degrees C.In the same Optotronic family,the OTDIM module fromOSRAM SYLVANIA offersdimming capability for 10-VLEDs. The system is compatiblewith a wide range of commerciallyavailable 0-10-V dimmingcontrollers, offering fullrangedimming without achange in color. The systemoperates in environments of-20 to +50 degree C.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . November . . . . . 2003 . . . LD+A . . . . 46. . www.iesna.org. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P R O G R E S S R E P O R T 2 0 0 3The 1320 Reflex series fromBelfer Lighting uses the 57-WCFL and Hi-Lume one percentdimming ballasts from lastyear’s report. Reflex is a unique10 by 13-in. recessed wall orceiling fixture that can be usedfor indirect uplighting, wallmounted aisle lighting or ceiling-mountedwall washing. It isavailable in five reflector finishes,a multitude of trim optionsand has a 3.25-in. depth.New from Indy Lighting isthe 770R-R-771R, which incorporatesthe 70-W CFL lampthat was approved on the 2002report. The manufacturerstates that this 12-in. diameter,horizontal downlight provides ahigh lumen package, with a lowprofile and competes with HIDproducts in lumens.TOp SeCREtAlso using the 70-W compactfluorescent lamp,Portfolio, a Cooper LightingCompany, has introduced theC9170. This is a downlightoffering reflector trims eitherstandard or self-flanged withvarious finish colors. The lampis positioned horizontally overa 9.5-in. opening.The 70-W CFL lamp hasbeen designed into theTerrapin series of fixtures fromFail-Safe, a Cooper LightingCompany. Terrapin is a decorative,vandal resistant productline offering a number of sizesand lamp options.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P R O G R E S S R E P O R T 2 0 0 3High PRIorityThe Horizons line of adjustableasymmetric distribution, indirectluminaires has beenintroduced by LAM LightingSystems. The series uses a varietyof recently introducedlamps, including the 60, 75, 85and 120-W compact fluorescents.In addition, 175, 250and 400-W pulse start metalhalide dimming versions areavailable that use the new DeltaPower Supply electronic ballast.The ML Mellow Light fixtureby Zumtobel Staff offers the80-W compact fluorescentlamps from the 2002 report. Itis available with one or twolamps and incorporates amicro-grid diffuser, whichshields the lamp from view,eliminating glare.The Princeton Architectural22-in. low-mount luminairefrom Guth Lighting is availablewith the Philips 120-Wcompact fluorescent lamp thatwas accepted this year. Its minimalistdesign is available inthree sizes and a variety of colorsand finishes.FOr your EyeS ONlyLLC Low Bay from Day-Briteuses the Philips new 120-Wlamp that was accepted thisyear. It offers lumen packagescomparable to HID lamps andbetter lumen maintenance.A new surface mount transitand complex environment luminairefrom Fail-Safe hasbeen designed using the 70-WSylvania ICETRON lampaccepted in last year’s report.Typical applications of thisproduct would be airport hangers,industrial plants and congestedareas such as transportationstations and tunnels.Another 70-W ICETRON luminairewas also introduced byFail-Safe this year. The FMWTransit Platform Fixture nowfeatures this newest wattage inthe induction family of lampsources.From Belfer Lighting is the2880 series of field-curvablecompact fluorescent cove products.Accepted for its use withHiLume one percent dimmingballasts, the 2880 a modularsystem with a patented hingedknuckle that allows the user toachieve almost 5000 lm/ftwhen installed in coves with aminimum inside radius of 23.5inches.Eurolite USA division ofBelfer Group created Elliptics,the industry’s first ellipticalshaped downlight. It is availablewith one or two CFL lampsup to 42 watts each, and canbe used in new construction orfor retrofit with several trimoptions.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . November . . . . . 2003 . . . LD+A . . . . 48. . www.iesna.org. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P R O G R E S S R E P O R T 2 0 0 3TOp SeCREtThe MR16 lamp originallywas used in projectors. Whenthe lamp use shifted to generallighting, fixture manufacturersutilized the low cost, and readilyavailable, 11.5-V laminatedprojector transformers. Operatinga 12-V lamp at 11.5 voltsresults in significantly lowerlight output. Standard dimmersreduce the voltage further evenwhen placed at their highestsetting. IRIS, a Cooper LightingCompany, measured thesecombined light losses andfound that the dimmed installationsproduce at least 30 percentless light than lamp dataindicated. IRIS has teamedwith Q-Tran to offer a newtransformer as standard in allof the IRIS low voltage platforms.Q-Tran, Inc. has developedthis new toroidal dual-tap, 12-Vtransformer to correct this lightloss issue. Featuring two sockets,one marked for switchedloads and the other for dimmedloads, Q-Tran has beenable to compensate for the voltagelosses and accompanyingcolor shift. Voltage remainstrue at 12 +/-0.3 for eithersocket.The ICE Series of decorativebaffles from Gotham Lightingprovides a unique solution totraditional suspended glass ormetal rings. Clear acrylic bafflesare specially treated toedge glow, providing controlledvisual brightness. Each bafflehas a diffuse-etched reflector toprevent reflection from the baffles.Fixtures are available in sixand eight-inch apertures withup to two triple tube lampsranging from 18 to 57 watts.New from Con-Tech is theAroTech series of fixtures,which uses the Aromat Slim-Lite series of DCP Electronicballasts for ceramic metalhalide lamps, which was in the2002 report. AroTech has acast aluminum sculptured ballasthousing and is offered inwhite, black and silver finishes.Lightolier has introducedSpectral Kubik, a T5 lightformone-inch square fixture. Withits use of a new removablesocket module technology,Spectral Kubik incorporates aspiral optic that provides excellentshielding along the fixture.The fixtures connect togetherto create patterns of light.The Lightline series of luminaireshas been developed byPeerless Lighting. Highly specularvacuum metallized reflectorsand a flash reducing perforatedscreen allow an efficientwallwash pattern from a luminairethat, at two inches, isclaimed to be the narrowest ofits kind in the industry.cOnfIdENTiAl. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . www.iesna.org . . . . . . . . 49. . LD+A . . . November . . . . . 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P R O G R E S S R E P O R T 2 0 0 3ClAsSIFiedDay-Brite has utilized theirunique Optix elliptical reflectortechnology into their newElision product designed forwall-wash, whiteboard andchalkboard applications. A T5or T5HO linear lamp is positionedat the upper focus withthe lower focus located belowthe aperture of the luminaire.This configuration eliminatesany hot spot directly below theluminaire and directs light ontothe bottom of the surface forimproved uniformity. The apertureis only 3.5 in. wide by 24or 48 in. long.Paramount Industries Inc.has introduced this T5, highoutput luminaire in a six-inchtroffer. It is offered as a substitutefor 400-W metal halide fixtures.Staklite 500 is a very smallscalelibrary stack light fixturethat is offered with T8, T5 orT5HO lamps. The smaller housingand baffle arrangement is anominal 3.5 x 3.5 inches. Litecontrolreports that its mechanicaldesign of snap-on baffleassembly and end caps offersignificant advantage over pendanttype fixtures.Candeo is a downlighting fixturefrom Gotham Lighting. Ithas a unique adjustable conereflector, which is easily movedto one of three preset positions,allowing it to be flush with theceiling plane or drop as muchas one inch below the ceiling.This provides the designer controlover the level of visualinterest that the luminaire addsto the space.Lucifer Lighting has introducedMirage as the smallestMR16 wall wash fixture. Thefixture is believed to be the firstwallwasher of its scale witheven illuminance at a 24-in. setbackfrom the wall plane atthree foot on-center spacing.New requirements for duallevel switching have promptedthis new product offering fromPortfolio. The 2CMS suffixnow provides a two CircuitMaster Satellite feature thatships two downlights connectedwith a 10-ft flexible cable.The master fixture has two ballastseach connected to a singlelamp. The satellite fixture hasno ballast.The Aromat MINI-Electronicmetal halide ballast for 20 and39-W lamps was accepted lastyear into the Progress Report.Lumiere, a Cooper LightingCompany, has designed thissmall lightweight ballast into itsproduct offering. The LumiereCarmel 450 utilizes this newtechnology.TOp SeCREt. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . November . . . . . 2003 . . . LD+A . . . . 50. . www.iesna.org. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P R O G R E S S R E P O R T 2 0 0 3Also using the Aromat MINI-Electronic ballast is a series ofdownlights from Portfolio.Features include superior lightoutput, higher CRI and a 17percent energy reduction oversimilar magnetic ballastedproducts.The single-lamp T5 industrialwith wings from Day-Britehas a unique uplight distribution.Its reflector uplight slotsare horizontally located withrespect to the lamp and wingsare located outside the slots tocontrol the uplight. The resultingphotometric distributionfills in above the adjacentluminaire to provide even ceilingillumination in largerareas. It is designed for optimalperformance from singleT5HO lamps.The first high bay designedto use 80-W T5HO lamps isavailable from Day-BriteLighting. The Industra5 FTVHigh Bay luminaire features adeep parabolic reflector, andthe louvered housing designcontrols heat to maximize lightoutput. In addition to havingthe first 59.5-in., 80-W, fourlampversion, a 54-W T5HO47.75-in. style is available inthe series.Accepted this year, as a newlamp and ballast system wasthe Philips “Mini” WhiteSONin both 50 and 100 watt versions.Halo, a Cooper LightingCompany, has designed anew track product using boththe 50 and 100-W T6 lamps.This Power-Trac system featuresextruded aluminumhousing for the electronic ballastand a die cast aluminumlamp holder with a narrowflood distribution.The moiré effect is createdby superimposing a repetitivedesign, such as a grid, on thesame or different design inorder to produce a pattern distinctfrom its components.Utilizing this technique todesign an interactive luminaire,Shaper, a Cooper LightingCompany, has introduced “TheRadio Sconce.” This ADA compliantluminaire has an acryliclayer made of red, green andblue squares placed in front ofa compact fluorescent source.Two aluminum perforateddiscs are put over the acrylicsheet and one disc can bemechanically moved to createmultiple effects.cOnfIdENTiAl

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P R O G R E S S R E P O R T 2 0 0 3cLASsifIEDAmerican Fluorescent has introducedthe Resi-tronic electronicballast. It can operateeither T8 or T12 lamps, andprovides 0 degree F startingcompared to 60 degree F formagnetic ballasts. The ballastmeets Energy Star qualificationsfor performance and energysavings.From Radiant Lighting isthe industry’s first electronicallydimmable metal halideremote source illuminator. It isdimmable to 50 percent usingthe Metrolight electronic ballastapproved in this Report. It isoffered with DMX control forboth remote dimming andcolor changing. The illuminatoris available with off-the-shelfmetal halide lamps.cOnfIdENTiAlRadiant Lighting’s new Pro-Line Modular Halogen remotesource illuminators use theUshio Fiberline lamps thatwere accepted last year. Theyare offered with 35, 50, 75 and100-W long-life halogen lampsspecifically designed to put 25percent more light into thefiber harness. The illuminatorsare available in white light,twinkle light for starry skyeffects, continuous color andDMX for synchronized colorchanging and lamp dimming.The Kirlin Company hasintroduced Infralite DX, amotorized, adjustable examand procedure light. It is capableof delivering up to 15,500fc from a 7.5-ft distance andcomes with an infrared remotecontrol. It uses a 250-W lowvoltage tungsten halogen lightsource.Capri Lighting has developed a lightweight, recessed fixturecalled FIREDOME that achieves a 60-minute fire rating. Theunique fire-rated intumescent membrane expands to seventimes its pre-burn size when exposed to heat, preventing passageof fire, toxic fumes and ignitable gases. The sealed housing meetsWashington State Energy Code and the International EnergyConservation Code for restricted airflow requirements. Designedfor commercial facilities and multiple family dwellings, the FIRE-DOME now links active fire protection to lighting.The Industra4 LG High Bayfrom Day-Brite Lightingclaims to be the first HID highbay with an internal adjustablereflector for uplight. An externalshield eliminates glare fromthe uplight component. Theunique reflector assembly hashigher visual comfort whencompared to standard openaluminum high bays.Also from Day-Brite is theSealsafe 24-in. high bay luminaire.Accepted for its use withthe Venture 875-W pulse startmetal halide lamp from the2002 Report, Sealsafe providesan IP66 rated optical assemblyprotecting against the ingressof dust and water.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . November . . . . . 2003 . . . LD+A . . . . 52. . www.iesna.org. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P R O G R E S S R E P O R T 2 0 0 3The ALM Aisle from Day-Brite is offered with the newVenture horizontal pulse startmetal halide lamps from the2002 Report. The horizontallamp positioning gives anasymmetrical distribution primarilyfor aisle lighting. TheALM has comparable light levelsto standard metal halidesourced products and gives theuser the added benefit of energysavings. It is less than 12-in.deep and is offered as a solutionfor new construction orretrofits in older warehouses,freezers and storage rooms.The selection of exit signsthat can function in extremeoperating conditions is verylimited. Sure-Lites, a CooperLighting Company, has designedthe UX or Ultimate Exitseries of products that claimthe broadest standard temperaturerange from +45 to –45degree C. In addition, theyoffer remote laser beam testing,NEMA 4X housings, IP66rating and NSF listing as standardfeatures.Day-Brite Lighting hasintroduced the new DNL/DNMSeries of direct/indirect lighting.Using the previouslyaccepted horizontal pulse startmetal halide lamps, the fixturecan provide direct or indirectlighting from the same housing.It is listed for both wetlocation and 40 degree C ambient.The fixture provideshands-free wiring access.There have been manyimprovements in exit sign technologyover the last decade.The EEX Edge-Lit Exit fromSure-Lites brings many ofthese features together in oneunit, including field installablechevrons and backgrounds,and snap on universal mountingand lenses, all done withouttools. The double-face unitclaims to use the fewest LEDsin the industry with just six forthe green and 14 for the red.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P R O G R E S S R E P O R T 2 0 0 3The Affinity collection ofarchitectural emergency lightingfixtures from Lithonia featuresdual 6-W xenon lamps,allowing the product to solveemergency lighting requirementsstating that a singlelamp failure cannot leave anyarea in total darkness. Thisapproach also allows up to 22 ftcenter-to-center spacing whilestill satisfying the requirementsof the Life Safety Code.High PRIorityNew legislation mandatingthe illumination of paths ofegress outside of buildings hasprompted a need for exteriorluminaires that have emergencybattery packs that canfunction in cold temperatures.Last year, the committee acceptedthe Bodine Cold-Paklow temperature emergencyballast. This year, McGraw-Edison, a Cooper LightingCompany, has designed theirVXS Vision Area Small productto accept this emergency ballast.In addition, McGraw-Edisonoffers the Bodine Cold-Pak intheir new X-Form Area Luminaire.The X-Form is also IP65rated and uses a wide range ofsources including HID, highoutput compact fluorescentsand induction lamps.The Hyperion with Opt X is anew series of bollards from LSIGreenlee Lighting that uses aunique reflector design. Opt Xuses a technique called ConstructiveOcculsion, or Cavityand Fan construction, to providesuperior uniformity toconventional bollards, even on30-ft centers. Hyperion’s photometricpunch is deliveredthrough the smallest aperturein the industry at 1.167 incheswide reducing glare and providingvandal resistance.The gaslight-style fixture hasnow been upgraded withPennsylvania Globe Gaslight’snew fully adjustable Penntrollanterns. These fixtures offershort to medium throws andfull cutoff to semi-cutoff distributions.The full cutoff fixture isthe first gaslight-style fixture toaddress Dark Sky requirements.The fixtures are availablewith high-pressure sodium,metal halide and compactfluorescent lamps.The EXM model of the X-Form can use two 70-W compactfluorescents that wereintroduced last year.FOr your EyeS ONly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . November . . . . . 2003 . . . LD+A . . . . 54. . www.iesna.org. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P R O G R E S S R E P O R T 2 0 0 3TOp SeCREtcOnfIdENTiAlLSI/Greenlee has introducedthe RTL, a reduced temperaturelens filter for ingrounduplights. Unlike existingproducts that rely on air circulation,the RTL filter directs IRenergy away from the lens, significantlyreducing lens surfacetemperature. The filter operatesin a sealed fixture, eliminatingthe problem of photometricsbeing affected overtime due to the ingress of dirtor water with open fixtures.The 400-W electronic HIDballast introduced by Holophanelast year has been usedin two hanger areas of AlaskaAirlines. The Prismatron ballastwas combined with the new400-W ceramic metal halidelamp from GE to provide highcolor rendering illumination. Atotal of 98,000 sq ft of spacewas illuminated, and is projectedto save $16,000 per year inenergy costs.The Quicktronic high-efficiencyT8 electronic ballastfrom OSRAM SYLVANIAoffers greater than 90 percentballast efficiency and a universalinput voltage. It is packagedin an industry standard smallcanenclosure and is rated tostart lamps at 0 degree F. It isclaimed to save an additionalfour to six percent in energycompared to standard instantstart ballasts.The OSRAM SYLVANIAProfessional Prostart ballast forT5 HO is also available in alower voltage range of 120 to277 volts. This ballast can operatefrom one to four lamps andcan be switched to changeoperation between four tothree, three to two, three toone, or two to one lamps.The Utica CommunitySchool System utilizes the eightlamp T5HO fixture byParamount Industries acceptedin this year’s Report. This applicationis a gymnasium whereboth the requirement of morelight than the current 400-WHPS high bay fixtures, and theflexibility of different light levelscould be addressed by thisnew fluorescent troffer configuration.The UltraMax electronic ballastfrom GE Lighting operatesup to four T8 lamps of 2, 3, or4-ft lengths. The family has ballastfactors of 0.77, 0.87 or1.15 and is capable of handlingmultiple nominal input voltagesof 120 to 277 volts. Otherfeatures that combine to makethis ballast unique include ULType CC anti-arc rating, antistriationcontrol, active currentregulation and an LCCF of1.40.OSRAM SYLVANIA offersthe Quickronic ProfessionalSeries Prostart ballast for T5HO in a version that accepts anominal 347 to 480 volt input.The ballast drives one or two54-W, T5 HO lamps and has amaximum case temperaturerated at 90 degree C for highambient applications.Advance Transformer hasintroduced the ICN-4S54-90C-2LS ballast for one, two, threeor four 54-W, T5 HO lamps.The ballast includes Intellivolttechnology, which allows it tooperate at any nominal voltagebetween 120 and 277. It willalso operate 36, 39, 50 and 55-W twin-tube lamps and theF58T8 source.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . www.iesna.org . . . . . . . . 55. . LD+A . . . November . . . . . 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P R O G R E S S R E P O R T 2 0 0 3cOnfIdENTiAlIn the continuing effort tosave energy, OSRAM SYLVA-NIA has released the SupersaverXtreme Quicktronic ProstartPSX universal voltage electronicballast. It is claimed tooffer the lowest power T8 systemon the market with 22watts for a one lamp at 277volts and 40, 62 and 80 wattsrespectively for two, three andfour lamp operation.Advance Transformer has anenergy efficient electronic ballastfor T8 systems in theirOptanium line. The ballast linecomes with a choice of 0.88 or0.78 ballast factor and an independentlamp operation featurethat enables functionallamps to operate if one or moreof the other lamps fail.Advance Transformer hasdeveloped a line of residentialelectronic ballasts designed tooperate 32, 25 or 17-W T8lamps with commercial-gradeefficiencies while meeting thelower EMI emissions requiredfor an FCC Class B Consumerrating.As an advancement in thedevelopment of electronic ballasts,Metrolight has introducedthis HID ballast suitablefor metal halide and HPSlamps. The design is microprocessorbased resulting in asignificant reduction in componentcount and the capabilityto precisely control lamp operation.The ballast can dimmetal halide lamps to 50 percent,including the new ceramicsources, and reduce highpressure sodium down to 10percent of full power.The Wattstopper has combinedmanual and automaticcontrol into a single-gang wallboxswitch. By itself, the AS-100 functions as a simple onoffswitch capable of being configuredinto 3- or 4-way operation.When combined withother automatic controls, theswitch can also turn the connectedloads on or off frombuilding management systems,occupancy sensors, or lightingpanels. It requires no neutral,allowing its use in many retrofitapplications.HIgh PRIORityAlso by Advance Transformeris the ROVR line ofaddressable fluorescent ballasts.This family offers DALIcontrol to T5 HO lamps, allowingindividual dimming controlin automated energy managementsystems. The system isinitially available for F54T5/HOlamps plus a variety of compactfluorescent lamps from 13to 57 watts.When downlighting is usedwith emergency battery packsit requires a test switch that isvisible on the ceiling. Portfoliohas designed the first downlightwith the emergency testswitch tucked up into the trimremoving the visibility on theceiling and the labor to installthe test switch into the ceiling.The feature is available on multiplesizes of fluorescentPortfolio downlights with differentlamp and trim optionsincluding lensed and louveredstyles.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . November . . . . . 2003 . . . LD+A . . . . 56. . www.iesna.org. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P R O G R E S S R E P O R T 2 0 0 3TOp SeCREtThe first motion sensor withintegral nightlight has beenmanufactured by The Wattstopper.The WN-100 is a passiveinfrared wall switch occupancysensor that includes anightlight within the lens enclosure.This product is designedfor applications in hotel roombathrooms.For better control of daylight,Lutron has introduced an improvementin motor-drivenwindow shades. The use ofsmall motors in the Sivoia QEDhas resulted in maximum windowcoverage with only 0.75-in. light gaps. The ultra-quietmotors are digitally controlledby local wall-mounted keypads,infrared or central lighting controls.A new flush mount collaradorns the IRIS line of downlightingproducts from CooperLighting. This accessoryattaches to standard IRIS platformsand eliminates the needfor dedicated flush mounthousings. It is also unique inthat it is infinitely adjustableafter the drywall is installedfrom a 5/8 to 1 in. thickness.Flush collars have been offeredpreviously for pinhole trims butthis new collar also acceptsdownlight and wall wash styles.Access to, and replacementof, luminaires has been facilitatedby Accessmount’s newremovable fixture mountingsystem. By providing luminaireaccess from the floor by a specialtool and connection system,downtimes of luminairescan be reduced and thereplacement of entire fixturescan be accomplished withimproved safety. The systemcan be used with existingequipment as well as new luminaires.Lutron Electronics has marrieda fluorescent ballast withan infrared dimmer in theECO-10 IR product. The dimmeris built into the ballast,simplifying wiring and promotingpersonal control of fluorescentlighting. It also can receivecommands from an externalline-voltage dimmer for interfacingwith building and lightingmanagement systems.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P R O G R E S S R E P O R T 2 0 0 3TOp SeCREtcOnfIdENTiAlRadiant Lighting has introducedthe industry’s first automaticremote source fiber terminationtool, Dry Fusion. Thisnew device will maximize lightoutput into the optical fiber andprolong fiber life with the solidfused and polished fiber harnesson all types of opticalfiber. Best of all, it can be usedon the job-site to make thefiber terminations at time ofinstallation, rather than custom-orderingfiber lengthsfrom the factory.Holophane has provided thecapability to add controlled TVsurveillance cameras to its highmast systems. The combinationof lighting and cameras inthe same cluster eliminates theneed for stand-alone camerapoles while providing enhancedsafety and securitythrough optimum visibility. Panand zoom control are providedthrough remote control whichcan be accessed over local networksor the Internet.Luminaire and optical designers are always searching for bettermaterials to improve the performance of the end product. Toimprove reflector characteristics, Alanod Aluminum has releasedtheir MIRO-Silver aluminum material that has a total light reflectionof 98 percent. It not only provides advantages to indoorlighting, but its high corrosion resistance, 95 percent solar radiationreflectance, and UV-C photo stability make it practical forsolar light pipes and other daylighting applications.The construction of the RDIrecessed direct-indirect louverfrom ALP Lighting Companypermits fixture manufacturersto add a direct-indirect luminaireto their product line. Aminor change in latch andhinge locations may be necessary.Easy re-lamping is accomplishedsince the reflector isintegrated into the louver, sothe lamps and wiring are completelyaccessible when thedoor is open.Lexalite has introduced LCFReflexor, a new specular filmmaterial process. Through achoice of extrusions and filmpatterns, the process allows forcustomer selectable uplight/downlight ratios when the fixtureis fabricated with the lightcontrol film. When comparedto current perforated aluminummethods, this approachis more economical and easierto clean.Lledge is a wedge-shapedpanel from Lexalite InternationalCorporation. Thisdesign has been available forexit signs but now is beingmanufactured in a 6 by 48-in.size for applications such asdirect/indirect lighting, productdisplays, bakery and refrigerateddisplay cases and menuboards. Lexalite claims 10 percentgreater illuminance withT5s compared to other edgelitpanels.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . November . . . . . 2003 . . . LD+A . . . . 58. . www.iesna.org. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P R O G R E S S R E P O R T 2 0 0 3FOr your EyeS ONlyNumerous new or revisedstandards relating to lamps,ballasts, bases and holdershave been released by NEMA(National Electrical EquipmentManufacturerws Association)this year. Three baseand holder, five lamp, six ballast,four IEC lamp, and onebulb standard have been madeavailable, for a total of nineteennew documents for the lightingindustry.In cooperation with theIESNA Lighting for the AgedCommittee, the Lighting ResearchOffice has created theLighting and Circadian Rhythmsand Sleep in Older Adults researchreport. This reportshows a quantitative linkbetween light intervention andcircadian sleep cycles. It alsolinks light with improvement indementia symptoms in theelderly.A new research publication,Lighting and Human PerformanceII, has been created bythe Lighting Research Office.This study updates the original1989 work that established thebasic concept and is the first toevaluate human performanceequally with visual performance.Factors such as visibility,photobiology, and messagewere evaluated. The study wassupported by the U.S. EnvironmentalProtection Agency.The Lighting ResearchOffice has printed the Lightand Human Health Symposium.This is the first research symposiumwhere both lightingand medical field experts collaboratedon how light affectspeople through both the visualsystem and other pathways.Papers cover four distinct subjectareas—Circadian Rhythms,Light and UV, Medical Applicationsof Light, and EnvironmentalApplications.The NCQLP (NationalCouncil on Qualifications forthe Lighting Professional) hasissued their new 2003 RecertificationGuidelines for lightingprofessionals. This year, a sectionentitled Lighting CourseDevelopment has been addedthat encourages the creation ofnew lighting courses by awardinglighting education unitcredits for the development ofnew material. The LEUs areawarded for the developmentand not for the presentation ofthe course material. It is alsointeresting to note that the logohas been redesigned to clearlyshow the meaning of LC.The IESNA has released thenew publication IESNA Guidelinefor Security Lighting forPeople, Property and PublicSpaces. It covers basic securityprinciples and the illuminancelevels required for varioustypes of properties. Also discussedis the protocol for evaluatingcurrent lighting levels fordifferent security applicationsas well as a security survey andcrime search methodology.higH PRiority. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . www.iesna.org . . . . . . . . 59. . LD+A . . . November . . . . . 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P R O G R E S S R E P O R T 2 0 0 3cLASsifIEDThe IESNA has posted a new fun and inviting on-line courseDiscover Lighting. The course is designed to introduce people tothe application of lighting. It includes “test your knowledge”quizzes, and a general overview of the different types of lightingequipment.The Lighting Answers Seriesof publications has been introducedby the LRC to addressthree trends in the industry.Mid-Wattage Metal Halide coverslamps and their performancecharacteristics. LightPollution reviews sky glow,light trespass, and glare parametersof outdoor lighting.LED Lighting Systems examinesdifferences between LEDsand other conventional lightsources.cOnfIdENTiAlField Test DELTA is a newpublication aimed at evaluatinglighting products to verify fieldperformance. An extension ofthe existing DELTA publicationsfrom the Lighting ResearchCenter (LRC), this first issue ofthe publication examines a prototypeintegrated luminairethat combines a special skylightwith fluorescent lightingand a daylight responsive controlsystem.LRC has addressed Dark Skyconsiderations in their publicationImplementation of DecisionMaking Tools that Address LightPollution for Localities PlanningStreet Lighting. A white paper,planning checklist, and designguide are included in this tool.Focused on the state of Connecticutand its legislation limitingthe types of luminairesthat may be used, the publicationcan be a guideline forother municipalities.When lighting allowancesare mandated by energy legislation,incandescent loads arecalculated by using the maximumrated wattage of the fixture.Often, lower than maximumwattages are specifiedbut unit power density is stillbased on the maximum wattageallowed on the label. ThePortfolio product line nowoffers their ‘DR’ series thatallows the specifier to stipulate,in the catalog nomenclature,the maximum wattage thatthey want used in the fixture.The fixture label will indicatethat specified wattage to reflectthe energy used on a project.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . November . . . . . 2003 . . . LD+A . . . . 60. . www.iesna.org. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P R O G R E S S R E P O R T 2 0 0 3Accessmount LLC2542 E. Aurora Road #203Twinsburg, OH 44087ATTN: Nelson Pitlornpitlor@accessmount.comAdvance Transformer Co.10275 West Higgins RoadRosemont, IL 60018ATTN: Susan Bloomsusan.atc.bloom@philips.comAlanodAluminum-Veredlung GmbHEgerstrabe 12Ennepetal D-58256; FRG GermanyATTN: Marc Zimmermannzimmermann@alanod.deALP LightingComponents, Inc.6333 Gross Point RoadNiles, IL 60440ATTN: Mario Gallomariogallo@alplighting.comAmerican Fluorescent2345 Ernie Krueger CircleWaukegan, IL 60087ATTN: Stephen Blackmansblackman@afcolite.comBelfer Group1139 N. Smith StreetPalatine, IL 60067ATTN: Boyd Corbettbcorbett@belfer.comBruck Lighting Systems3505-L5 Cadillac Ave.Costa Mesa, CA 92626ATTN; Alex Ladjevardiinfo@brucklightingsystems.comCapri Lighting776 S. Green StreetTupelo, MS 38802ATTN: Brand Searsbsears@genlytethomas.comCon-Tech Lighting2783 Shermer RoadNorthbrook, IL 60062ATTN: Tim Brennantbrennan@con-techlighting.comCooper Lighting, Fail Safe Div.1121 Hwy 74 SouthPeachtree City, GA 30269ATTN: James Codyjcody@cooper.comCooper Lighting1121 Hwy 74 SouthPeachtree City, GA 30269ATTN: Greg Widmangwidman@cooper.comCooper Lighting,Sure Lites Div1121 Hwy 74 SouthPeachtree City, GA 30269ATTN: George Juegjue@cooper.comDay-Brite LightingPO Box 1687Tupelo, MS 38802ATTN: Bill Buschbbusch@genlytethomas.comCONtriBuToRSGE Lighting1975 Noble RoadEast Cleveland, OH 44112-6315ATTN: Jerry Flautojerry.flauto@lighting.ge.comGotham Lighting1400 Lester RoadConyers, GA 30094ATTN: Dana Farrelldfarrell@gothamlighting.comGuth Lighting2615 WashingtonSt. Louis, MO 63103ATTN: Robert Catonebcatone@guthlighting.com.hessamericaPO Box 430Shelby, NC 28151ATTN: Terry O’Tooletotoole@hessamerica.comHolophane214 Oakwood Ave.Newark, OH 43055ATTN: Herb Seidellhseidell@holophane.comIESNA120 Wall StreetNew York, NY 10005ATTN: Sue Foleysfoley@iesna.orgIndy Lighting, Inc.12001 Exit Five ParkwayFishers, IN 46038ATTN: Charlie Stovercharliestover@cs.comio3712 West JarvisSkokie, IL 60076ATTN: Ann Reoinfo@iolighting.comIRIS/Cooper Lighting1121 Hwy 74 SouthPeachtree City, GA 30269ATTN: Greg Widmangwidman@cooper.comThe Kirlin Company3401 E. JeffersonDetroit, MI 48207ATTN: John Selanderjrselander@msn.comLam Lighting Systems2930 South FairviewSanta Ana, CA 92704ATTN: Craig Braukscbrauks@jjisa.comLexalite International Corp.10163 US Hwy 31 NorthCharlevoix, MI 49720ATTN: Mary Myersmkmyers@lexalite.comLighting Alternatives, Inc.341 Kings CroftCherry Hill, NJ 08034ATTN: Howard Lewissales@lightingalternatives.comLighting Research Center21 Union StreetTroy, NY 12180ATTN: Conan O’Rourkeorourc@rpi.eduLighting Research Office3559 Birchtree PathCleveland Heights, OH 44121ATTN: Terry McGowanlighting@ieee.ogLightolier3015 Louis AmosLachine, Quebec, Canada H8T 1C4ATTN: Howard Yaphehyaphe@canlyte.comLitecontrol100 Hawks Ave.Hanson, MA 02341ATTN: Paul Dunnepld@litecontrol.comLitetronics International, Inc.4101 West 123rd StreetAlsip, IL 60803ATTN: R.C, Sorensenrcs@litetronics.comLithonia LightingOne Lithonia WayConyers, GAATTN: Tim Younttim-yount@lithonia.comLSI Greenlee Lighting1300 Hutton Drive, Suite 110Carrollton, TX 75006ATTN: Lloyd Reederlloyd.reeder@lsi-industries.comLucifer Lighting Company414 Live Oak StreetSan Antonio, TX 78202ATTN: Pat Wardp.ward@luciferlighting.comLumiereDiv. of Cooper Lighting1121 Hwy 74 SouthPeachtree City, GA 30269ATTN: Mark Lienmlien@cooper.comLumileds370 West Trimble RoadSan Jose, CA 95131ATTN: Veronica Martinezemail: info@lumileds.comLutron Electronics Co., Inc.7200 Suter RoadCoopersburg, PA 18036ATTN: David Bennettdbennett@lutron.comMetrolight, Inc.9312 Ansley LaneBrentwood, TN 37027ATTN: Randy Reidrandyreid@metrolight.netNCQLP526 King StreetAlexandria, VA 22314ATTN: Mary Jane Kolarinfo@NCQLP.orgNEMA1300 N. 17th StreetRosslyn, VA 22209ATTN: Randolph Royran_roy@nema.orgOSRAM SYLVANIA100 Endicott StreetDanvers, MA 01923ATTN: Erich Bockleyerich.bockley@sylvania.comParamount Industries304 N. Howard StreetCroswell, MI 48422ATTN: Kent Clarkkclark@paramountlighting.comPeerless Lighting2246 Fifth StreetBerkeley, CA 94710ATTN: Megan Waltonmegan.Walton@peerless-lighting.comThe Pennsylvania GlobeGaslight Co.300 Shaw RoadNorth Branford, CT 06471ATTN: Ronald Lahnerpennglobe@juno.comPhilips Lighting Company200 Franklin Square Dr.Somerset, NJ 08875ATTN: John Wilsonjohn.wilson@philips.comPortfolio/Cooper Lighting1121 Hwy 74 SouthPeachtree City, GA 30269ATTN: Mark Lienmlien@cooper.comQ-Tran, Inc.304 Bishop Ave.Bridgeport, CT 06610ATTN: John Tremainejohn@q-tran.comUshio America, Inc.5440 Cerritos Ave.Cypress, CA 90630ATTN: Craig Asatocasato@ushio.comVenture Lighting International3200 Aurora RoadSolon, OH 44139ATTN: Tim Tauberte-mail@tim_taubert@adlt.comThe Wattstopper2800 De La Cruz BlvdSanta Clara, CA 95050ATTN: Stan Lynchtws_sales@wattstopper.comZumtobel Staff Lighting3300 Route 9WHighland, NY 12528ATTN: Allison Oberobera@zumtobelstaff.com. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . www.iesna.org . . . . . . . . 61. . LD+A . . . November . . . . . 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .DESIGN TRENDSAn increasingnumber ofresearch-basedclean roomscombine traditional“wet” lab functionswith computerbasedtasks,creating aneed for moresophisticatedlighting designs.Keeping It CleanCLEAN ROOM LIGHTING REPRESENTS APOTENTIALLY LUCRATIVE YET LARGELY UNTAPPEDMARKET FOR DESIGNERS AND MANUFACTURERS.BUT BE PREPARED FOR A MINEFIELD OF CHALLENGESBy James Park, Thomas Ramsey and George RyderRecent advances in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries have created an evolvingneed for clean laboratory and production environments—a demand that providesopportunities for both lighting design professionals and lighting equipment manufacturers.These opportunities exist because relatively few members of the lighting community have athorough enough understanding of clean room lighting requirements and superior clean roomlighting solutions.If more lighting professionals were expert in the lighting and mechanical requirements ofclean rooms—and knowledgeable about layout approaches and fixture characteristics that successfullyaddress them—users would have higher quality lighted environments, owners wouldreceive the mechanical performance they need and architects could deliver superior facilities atlower costs. And, from a business development perspective, members of the lighting communitycould enjoy increased participation in an under-served and growing market segment.Lighting represents an important line item in a typical clean room construction budget. A surveyof three local clean room lab jobs on the West Coast put the cost at between $3 and $4 persq ft for fixtures and wiring (not including control systems). Each was targeted at 70 fc. A majorfactor in cost appears to be the level of cleanliness required: the cleaner the room, the higher thecost allowance tends to be.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . November . . . . . 2003 . . . LD+A . . . . 62. . www.iesna.org. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .DESIGN TRENDSAll clean room surfaces must successfully stand-up torigorous cleaning protocols, which is why stainless steelis specified for everything from test tanks to luminaire housings.There are a number of different clean room scenarios,most of which relate either to research or productionactivities. Within these two areas the primary types ofclean rooms are those that keep contaminants out (positivepressure environments) and those that keep organismsand chemicals in (negative pressure environments).The biopharmaceutical industry has developed a majorpresence (on the West Coast in particular) during the pastdecade, creating an increasing demand for clean rooms,while a large number of pharmaceutical companies on theEast Coast have become involved in research requiringfacilities with cleanliness and containment properties similarto those of the West Coast biopharmaceutical industry.But, whether a facility is concerned with keeping contaminantsout or chemicals or organisms in, the lighting challengesare similar.Lighting ChallengesDesigning and specifying appropriate and effective lightingin clean rooms can be highly problematic in four basicareas:• Lack of Available Ceiling Space. Clean room ceilingsare typically dense with mechanical systems andcomponents. So dense, in fact, that reflected ceiling planscan look like circuit board schematics. The most noticeableand numerous mechanical elements are the HighEfficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) filters that filter-out particulatematter. The quantity of these filters is dependenton the type of work being performed and the amount ofparticulate matter allowable within the space. BesidesHEPA filters, there are also sprinklers, ducts and the othermechanical systems necessary to satisfy life safetyrequirements and support the work function. The densityof ceiling-mounted mechanical hardware is often so greatthat there’s inadequate ceiling area available for appropriateluminaires or effective lighting layouts.• High-Impact Cleaning Protocols. An integral partof maintaining a clean environment is the regular washingof all room surfaces and equipment with high-strength solventsand detergents. In addition to the often abrasive, corrosiveor otherwise destructive properties of the cleaningsolutions themselves, protocols can result in considerableforce in the wet swabbing process to ensure compliancewith cleanliness standards. As a result, most materialsused in clean environments must be specified with unusuallyharsh cleaning processes in mind. There are also applicationswhere chemicals are either used in open conditions(such as in open mixing bowls), or where chemicalscan be accidentally released into the environment, exposingroom materials to their potentially damaging effects aswell.• Luminaires as Contaminant Barriers. As mentionedearlier, clean rooms must be sealed either to keepcontaminants out or to keep chemical or biological matterin. Accordingly, fixtures that penetrate ceilings must alsofunction as barriers, preventing leakage both through theirown components and via their ceiling interface. Thismeans that a fixture’s internal mechanical tolerances mustClean room ceilings can be so dense with filters and other mechanicalsystems that drawings often look more like circuit boardschematics than reflected ceiling plans.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . www.iesna.org . . . . . . . . 63. . LD+A . . . November . . . . . 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .DESIGN TRENDSAlthough “teardrop” fixtures are sometimes used because oflimited ceiling space, they have a number of serious–andsometimes critical—drawbacks.be extremely tight and that an effective technique forinterfacing the housing with the ceiling is essential.The integrity of these leak-prevention characteristics hasto last long after installation, since clean rooms must notonly be certified upon completion, but recertified eachtime a containment wall or ceiling is compromised—something that can occur during the performance of routinemaintenance or repairs. These maintenance andrepair procedures are so interruptive to the function of thespace, that many organizations close down clean roomoperations up to several weeks each year to perform them,also providing a window for such routine operations asrelamping fixtures.• Multiple Visual Tasks. Historically, research laboratorieswere either “wet” or “dry” in their function, with wetsciences such as biology and chemistry residing in onespace and dry disciplines such as computer science andstatistics in another.A new generation of laboratories, however, combinesboth wet and dry disciplines within the same researchgroups, resulting in compound lighting requirements.Clean Room GuidelinesSuccessfully addressing these issues from a lighting layoutand luminaire specification perspective calls for a lightingprofessional’s traditional skills combined with specializedclean room knowledge. And, while a comprehensivediscussion of all necessary clean room information isn’tpossible in a single article, there are some key points thatcan be extremely helpful to those involved (or who plan onbecoming involved) in clean room lighting.• Bring Lighting Into the Picture Early in theDesign Process. Dealing successfully with the problemof too little ceiling real estate for proper lighting calls forcoordination between the architect, mechanical engineerand lighting specifier early in the design process.Typically, the need for the appropriate level of cleanlinesscertification puts the mechanical engineer in the driver’sseat, since the M.E. is responsible for such things as meetingair filtration requirements and providing the necessarymechanical and life safety systems. When mechanicalsystem designs are completed before lighting is considered,an effectively lit environment is nearly impossibleto achieve. And, while working together on lightingneeds up-front can’t change the M.E.’s primary responsibilities,it can provide the opportunity for a coordinateddesign effort that allows the M.E. to make whateveraccommodations are possible.• Choose Fixtures with Materials Appropriate toSpecific Cleaning Protocols. Knowing how fixtures willbe cleaned and maintained informs the specifier about thematerials requirement while also potentially increasinglighting calculation accuracy. The first part is obvious, sinceLensed, flush-mounted 2x4 troffers are the preferred fixture-typefor most clean room applications, but they must be speciallydesigned, constructed and tested to ensure they won’tcompromise the facility’s ongoing cleanliness requirements.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . November . . . . . 2003 . . . LD+A . . . . 64. . www.iesna.org. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .DESIGN TRENDSunderstanding the protocol allows specification of luminairesconstructed from materials that will stand up to thecleaning process. (Cleaning solutions are typically a combinationof alcohol and industrial detergents.) Becausemost fixtures weren’t designed for clean room use, it’s criticalto specify only materials that have been independentlyverified to withstand the specific cleaning protocol.Housings and other metal components should be stainlesssteel, lenses should be laminated glass (tempered glass isrequired for hazardous applications), while gaskets shouldbe silicon-based.Less obvious is how maintenance protocols can influencethe values chosen for illuminance calculations.Protocols that include frequent area maintenance shutdownscan indicate that group relamping will occur morefrequently than the manufacturer recommends, so lumenoutput may be greater during the lamps’ use than in moretypical scenarios. Combined with an extremely low dirtdepreciation factor, the resulting light levels will be higherthan in other applications.• Select the Right Fixture Type for the Application.In most cases, specially designed, 2X4 recessedlensed troffers are the preferred fixture type, offering achoice of lamping and lensing options and doing a betterjob of limiting surface brightness and distributinglight than either 1X4 lay-ins that do an inferior job oflighting distribution (as well as increasing cost due to therequired use of additional fixtures, or) surface-mounted,two-inch wide “teardrop” fixtures that are overly brightand, like the 1x4, aren’t as good as 2x4s in providing anevenly-lit environment.While teardrop fixtures may be used in some positivepressureapplications, they’re not readily accepted due tothe fact that they don’t stand-up well to wet swabbing andare constructed of aluminum and plastic components. Onthe other hand, they can actually pose danger in negativepressure, bio-containment applications. Being inherentlydifficult to seal, organisms can potentially penetrate thefixture, finding a warm, welcoming environment in whichto multiply and grow resistant to the cleaning protocol.In these bio-containment facilities, appropriately-engineeredand constructed recessed fixtures with lenses flushwith the ceiling typically provide the fewest opportunitiesfor organisms to invade the luminaire and grow independently,meaning that the reservation of adequate space forrecessed troffers should be a high priority.Another means of determining a fixture’s appropriatenessfor an application is its cleanliness rating. For applicationswhere fewer than 100 pieces of particulate percubic foot of space are allowable, for example, the fixturemust be listed as a Class 100 certified fixture. Typical cleanroom classifications include Class 100,000, Class 10,000and, for the most demanding environments, Class 100. Aswill be discussed later, however, cleanliness classifications

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .DESIGN TRENDSare often misleading, requiring that additional performanceverification be provided.• Specify Luminaires with Expertly ConceivedMating Mechanisms. Even if a fixture is appropriatelycertified for an application, the housing must interface virtuallyseamlessly with the ceiling to achieve the requiredlevel of in-situ performance. Consider that the installermust mate a milled piece of flat metal to an inherentlyuneven gypsum ceiling (gypsum being the most commonceiling material in clean room construction). The mosteffective systems employ multiple springs to push thehousing firmly against the ceiling – a recently developedapproach that has consistently proven superior to othertechniques in use.• Create the Best Scheme Possible for Mixed-Task Environments. With the trend towards cleanrooms that combine wet lab and computational functionsin the same area, some people need 60-80 fc at 36 in. AFFwhile others immediately adjacent to them may needmuch lower light levels for computer work at 30 in. AFF.And, the presence of computers combined with the growingrecognition of both discomfort and disability glaremeans that high-brightness fixtures are no longer appropriate.As a result, highly informed selection of fixturetypes and expert layout are far more important in labs ofall types than ever before. This is an area in which the professionallighting consultant can truly excel, choosing froma menu of ambient and task/ambient techniques that canbe expertly applied on a project-specific basis.• Write a Solid, Performance-Based Spec. As withthe lighting performance specs that are an integral part ofa commercial lighting professional’s stock-in-trade, the keyto ensuring the environmental integrity of a clean room isa product performance specification consistent withacknowledged standards and criteria... with the manufacturer’sstated product performance confirmed throughindependent testing.Fixture PerformanceHere’s a brief overview of some of the most criticalmechanical performance criteria for clean room applications.The fixture:1) Shall Not Leak. A well-accepted leakage standardcomes from the International Electromechanical Commission’sDegrees of Protection Provided by Luminaires. TheIEC’s Ingress Protection Standard appropriate to a largenumber of clean room applications is IP65. (The first digit“6” rates ingress protection from solid objects, while thesecond digit “5” rates ingress protection from water.)A fixture with an IP65 rating is essentially dustproof andwaterproof, and is therefore appropriate for a large numberof clean room applications. Testing and confirmationare typically received from U.L.2) Shall Not Introduce Corrosion or Toxicity. TheNational Sanitation Foundation International’s (NSF)Special Equipment or Devices standard is widely acceptedin this area. The Splash/Non Food Zone and Food Zone/NonContact criteria both state that materials and design mustassure that neither corrosion nor toxicity can be introducedby the fixture, and are very specific about materialselection, design and fabrication techniques. Testing andconfirmation are available directly by NSF.3) Shall Be Easily Cleaned. The standard, criteria andtesting confirmation are the same as #2 (above).4) Shall Be Safe in Class I, Division 2; Class II,Division 2 and Simultaneous Hazardous LocationsApplications. The accepted standard for this requirementcomes from the National Fire Protection Association(70-2002). Class I, Division 2 applies to flammable gasses,while Class II, Division 2 applies to explosive dusts. (TheDivision 2 classification denotes that the hazardous materialis present only in abnormal conditions, such as accidentalspillage. Intentional open presence of hazardousmaterials would be classified as Division 1.)A New Opportunity For a New EraThe emergence of new scientific technologies has createdan increasing and evolving demand for clean roomsand a concurrent need for more effective clean room lighting.As a result of the slow response by most fixture manufacturersto respond to the challenge, architects and engineershave either had to settle for inappropriatelydesigned and constructed lighting or spend inordinateamounts of time and budget researching potential solutionsand specifying custom fixtures.Now that innovative fixtures that successfully addressmany of the most critical clean room requirements havecome onto the market, the gauntlet is being passed to thelighting community, offering an opportunity to improvethe performance and integrity of scientific facilities thatare sure to have a major impact on our world.By applying the same rigorous approach to clean roomlighting design and fixture performance and verificationstandards that have become expected for the lighting ofcomputer-equipped offices, lighting specifiers can providesubstantial benefits in lighting performance, operationalsafety and clean room economics while creating newopportunities for themselves and the lighting industry as awhole.About the Authors: JamesPark, AIA, is an associate withMBT Architecture in San Francisco,a leader in the design ofscience and technology facilities.He has 15 years experiencedesigning technically complexprojects for the R&D, biopharmaceuticaland advanced technology industries.Thomas Ramsey, AIA, is a principal of RPR Architectsin Oakland, CA, a firm well known for its work ontechnology-intensive projects. He has had specializedtraining in cGMP and cGLP procedures for the designof biotech manufacturing and laboratory facilities.George Ryder has been highly involved in the designof lighting systems for clean room and laboratoryapplications for over 15 years. He is a vice president of Kenall ManufacturingCompany in Gurnee, IL.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . November . . . . . 2003 . . . LD+A . . . . 66. . www.iesna.org. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Authors of papers regarding the art, scienceand practice of illumination are invited tosubmit their papers for possible presentationat the 2004 IESNA Annual Conference,scheduled to be held in Tampa, FL, July 25-28, 2004. The Papers Committee especiallyencourages the submission of papers on lightingdesign and application, controls, productivity,energy, vision, perception and innovationsin lighting education.• Deadline for abstracts:December 1, 2003• Deadline for complete manuscripts:February 24, 2004Submittal Procedure1. The original copy of the abstract and manuscriptshould be sent to Roslyn Lowe, IlluminatingEngineering Society of North America, 120 WallStreet, 17th Floor, New York, N.Y. 10005-4001 ore-mail rlowe@iesna.org. A notice of receipt willbe sent to authors.2. One copy of the abstract should be sent to PekkaHakkarainen, IESNA Paper Committee Chair,Lutron Electronics Co., Inc., 7200 Suter Road,Coopersburg, PA 18036 Route 54, Bath, NY 14810-9523 or e-mail phakkarainen@lutron.com3. One copy of the completed manuscript should besent to Pekka Hakkarainen.4. The Papers Committee will meet in April 2004 toreview manuscripts.Requirements for ConferencePapers for Presentation OnlyThe criteria for acceptance are as follows:1. The extent to which information in the paper is new.2. The significance of the paper’s contribution to theart or science of lighting.3. The degree to which conclusions are supported bymeasurements or other data.4. Prior state of knowledge or art: reference shouldbe made to recent papers in the same field.5. Description of investigative work: engineering basis,test methods, computations or application techniques.6. Significance of new information resulting from measurements,computations or application techniques.7. Please note the paper should be no more than 5,000words and should not have been printed elsewhere.8. Papers must be written in English and presented inEnglish.Instructions for AbstractSubmittal1. Please identify whether the paper is a ConferencePaper or a “Lighting Updates” paper (see page 68 for“Lighting Updates” submittal instructions).2. Title: maximum length is 10 words. Author’s name,address, telephone number, fax number and e-mailaddress must be included on the prospectus itself (notjust on the cover letter). The Papers Committee willassign an identification number for review purposes.3. The abstract shall not exceed 250 words. Considerthe following: concept, analysis of problems, establishmentof procedure, data computed or recorded, preparationof tables and figures and drafting text.4. Provide status of the paper to date.Submitted papers undergo a rigorous blind review bymembers of the IESNA Papers Committee and theirdesignees. The committee also encourages written discussionsof each paper accepted for presentation atthe conference. Accepted papers will appear inConference Proceedings. Authors of papers presentedat the Conference are invited to submitpapers for possible publication in Journal ofthe IESNA directly to David DiLaura, editor,at ddilaura@iesna.org. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . www.iesna.org . . . . . . . 67 . . . LD+A . . . November . . . . . 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .CALL FOR PAPERS2 00 4 I E S N A A N N U A L C O N F E R E N C E

LIGHTING UPDATESPAPER CLASSIFICATIONThe IESNA Papers Committee will sponsor aclassification of paper presentation called“Lighting Updates” at the 2004 IESNAConference. In addition to formal technicalpapers, “Lighting Updates” (or shortreports) will be considered for presentationat paper sessions. These short reports willappear only in Conference Proceedings.Through “Lighting Updates,” the PapersCommittee provides an exciting forum forthe exchange of information and ideasamong members of the lighting community.“Lighting Updates” papers must adhere tothe following guidelines:Suggested “Lighting Updates”Areas/Topics:1. Research in progress2. Innovative activities in lighting education3. Novel ideas in lighting application and design4. Tutorials or overviews of particular topic areasrelated to lighting5. Detailed discussions of new, non-commercialproductsFor more information contact:Pekka HakkarainenChair, IESNA Papers CommitteeLutron Electornics Co., Inc.7200 Suter RoadCoopersburg, PA 18036Voice: 610-282-6766Fax: 610-282-6288E-mail: phakkarainen@lutron.comor:Lighting Updates papers will bereviewed by the Papers Committeeto ensure they:• Are of general interest to conference attendees• Provide sufficient and accurate detail of thesubject being addressed• Are technically accurate• Are timely in their reporting of new research,development and design-related activitiesSubmission Guidelines• Paper length:2,000 words maximum, plus graphics (Note:Conference Proceedings is printed in black andwhite)• Presentation format: the author will give a 15-minute formal presentation, which will be followedby a5-minute question-and-answer session (Note: Noprepared discussion will be solicited by thepaper-session chair)• Submittal procedures are the same as those forConference Papers.• Submission date: abstracts and paper deadlinesare identical to those for formal technicalpapers• Deadline for abstracts: December 1, 2003• Deadline for papers: February 24, 2004Papers accepted for presentation willbe assigned to a short paper session atthe conferenceRita M. Harrold, DirectorEducational and Technical DevelopmentIESNA, 120 Wall Street, Floor 17New York, N.Y. 10005-4001Voice: 212-248-5000, ext. 115Fax: 212-248-5017E-mail: rharrold@iesna.orgTheLIGHTINGAUTHORITY ®. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . November . . . . . 2003 . . . LD+A . . . 68 . . . www.iesna.org. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .COMMERCEInnocents AbroadREFERENCES, REPUTATION, NETWORKING, LOCAL ALLIANCES.SOUNDS LIKE THE U.S. METHOD FOR SECURING WORK, BUT THESAME RULES OFTEN APPLY INTERNATIONALLY, ACCORDING TO AGLOBETROTTING GROUP OF LIGHTING DESIGNERSBy Julie LeibowitzILLUSTRATION: SAMUEL FONTANEZCreating a lighting design is a challenge in itself. Thedesigner must conceive a design that his clientlikes, that is appropriate for the setting being consideredand must adhere to a budget which often posesfinancial restrictions. Imagine all of these issues combinedwith working in a foreign country, and you’ve stumbledupon the delicate art of developing and executing a lightingdesign on an international stage.“References and reputation help greatly when securinginternational projects. Networking well makes all kindsof possibilities,” says George Sexton, of George SextonAssociates, a Washington, DC-based firm responsible fora variety of corporate, retail, and museum projectsthroughout the U.S., Europe and the Middle East, includingLouis Vuitton stores around the world and the HerzJesu Kirche (Heart of Jesus Church) in Munich, Germany,the winner of the European Lighting Design Award inJune 2001 and other U.S. awards. “Our goal is to work onquality projects, and our reputation on works such as theParliament House in Canberra, Australia, has helped ourreputation immensely overseas.” The project required alarge team of designers, and Sexton’s firm was responsiblefor every space in the complex. They relocated thereduring the construction. A major challenge, says Sexton,“is learning to work in a particular country, since eachhas its own way of putting a process together and gettingto the final product. The operational aspects can be differentbased on the locale.”Paul Gregory, founder, president and principal lightingdesigner of New York-based Focus Lighting seconds themotion that reputation and networking are often thedesigner’s entree. “One of the biggest jobs we did, the DanHotel in Eilat, Israel, came from a recommendation byBaldinger Architectural Lighting, which manufactures decorativechandeliers. [The assignment for lighting] TheEntel Tower in Chile was from an artist friend, through an. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . www.iesna.org . . . . . . . . 69. . LD+A . . . November . . . . . 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .COMMERCE`My feeling is thatwe are artists paintinga picture with light andrevealing the architectureof a space. The Picasso isjust as relevant whetherit is viewed here in New York Cityor in Reykjavik.I believe that the rulesof design hold truethroughout the world’advertising agency in Chile. And the Semiramis Hotel inGreece was done with the same architect that we workedwith on Morimoto restaurant.”Having worked in such remote locations, you mightthink Gregory would have encountered a variety of obstaclesover the years. “We are really very fortunate to be consideredthe artist on the project in other countries. Becausewe bring a conceptual approach that provides atremendous added value to the project, we’ve been fortunateto have had no problems. Culturally, they’ve taken thetime to sensitize us to the surroundings. Language-wisethey’ve always provided interpreters. And payment hasalways been made promptly.”Simply put, good design translates to any culture, addsGregory. “My feeling is that we areartists painting a picture with light andrevealing the architecture of a space.The Picasso is just as relevant whether itis viewed here in New York City or inReykjavik. I believe that the rules ofdesign hold true throughout the world.No matter where we are, we try andmake the project look incredibly beautifuland make it a place that we wouldwant to be, while being sensitive to the surroundings.”Another designer with vast experience in internationalwork is Matthew Tanteri of New York’s Tanteri +Associates. Tanteri, whose projects include high-endretail locations in Europe and Asia, states that with carefulplanning, international work can proceed smoothly.“Try to find manufacturers who have operations in manyplaces. It will be a big help as the process goes on.” Inaddition, Tanteri says his Asian clients are impressedwith the U.S. project delivery process in which separateentities handle design and manufacturing. By contrast,design services in Asia are frequently provided by themanufacturer, which may lack inhouse design expertise,leading to inferior quality. As a result, Tanteri says manyAsian manufacturers have begun visiting the U.S. to learnmore about the design end of the business.Making Friends OverseasJim Thomas, senior vice president, project management,Walt Disney Imagineering, recalls that relationshipbuilding has greatly helped the company in its internationalexpansion. “The Walt Disney Company has expandedinternationally in a variety of ways,” says Thomas. “Thecompany has approached certain areas proactively, and inother cases, outside organizations and groups indicatedinterest in having a Disney presence in their region of theworld. The company began its expansion into Asia withthe opening of Tokyo Disneyland in April 1983. This wasthe culmination of a successful relationship that developedwhen The Oriental Land Company approached Disneyabout development of a presence in Japan. The Park wasan instant success and remains the second most-attendedDisney theme park in the world.”“In the case of Paris, we took the initiative in researchingEurope as a possible site,” Thomas states. “Its largepopulation coupled with the existing base of tourism inEurope made Paris an attractive location. Continuing thestrategy of global expansion, we evaluated further opportunitiesin the Asia/Pacific region, determining Hong Kongfor the site of the next resort.” Hong Kong Disneyland’sgroundbreaking took place in January 2003, and thetheme park is scheduled to open in 2005-06.Thomas credits strong business relationships in helpingmake the transition to international work a little bit easier.“Walt Disney Imagineering Japan (WDIJ) has had offices inTokyo for more than 20 years, and the essential businessrelationship with Oriental Land Company (OLC) whichowns and operates Tokyo Disney Resort, has been ongoingfor more than two decades. Stepping into the role ofdirector, design and production at Tokyo Disneyland wasthus much easier than it might have been without such along history of collaboration. Nevertheless, there is a steeplearning curve for any American coming here who is usedto the shorthand of theater or production people inAmerica, literally and figuratively. Here, no meeting occurswithout an interpreter, and the Japanese consensus-driven,decision-making process can prolong the design andproduction process.”Meanwhile, on the technical side, regulations related toearthquakes and typhoons require beefier construction forcertain facilities, as well as sets, props and rigging, Thomasadds. A seasonal overlay, such as adding lighted fiberglass. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . November . . . . . 2003 . . . LD+A . . . . 70. . www.iesna.org. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .COMMERCEsnowflakes to the facade of “It’s A Small World” for Christmas,has required stricter standards of construction,weather-proofing and structural stability than is necessaryat American theme parks. According to Thomas, “All themajor trees in both Tokyo Disneyland and TokyoDisneySea are guy-wired to the ground due to high winds,and we learn to overlook these visual annoyances in favorof safety.”Mark Dunlap, principal lighting designer, Walt DisneyImagineering, notes that fixtures and hardware concernsoften are problematic. “I was the principal lighting designerfor Splash Mountain, Tokyo. One of the hardest parts ofdesigning this attraction was determining fixture typesand learning their performance characteristics. In the early90s, not many of what we call ‘standard’ theatrical fixtureswere available and the architectural fixtures used very differentsources. I had to learn a whole new set of fixturephotometrics. Meetings were another challenge, as theyalways took twice as long because everything had to betranslated. As for codes and regulations, the project hadvery good Tokyo-based electrical engineers who were veryknowledgeable.”John Kavelin, director, design and production, WaltDisney Imagineering Japan, emphasizes quality as animportant factor in international work. “The Japanese loveour theme parks, so what we design for Tokyo DisneyResort reflects traditional Disney quality and styling. Theywant the ‘Disney’ look, not what they can find in othertheme parks around Japan, where the quality is often inferior.OLC is willing to pay for the best quality fixtures andsystems because they ‘can’t afford cheap things,’ knowingin the long run that quality equipment is cheaper to maintain.Tokyo DisneySea probably set a new standard inquantity and quality of themed lighting fixtures, customdesigned at Imagineering and fabricated around theworld. A newer trend is the effort to move more productionto Japan, when possible, since Japanese vendors arecapable of extraordinary quality and know the latest codesas well as the weather challenges of Tokyo’s distinct seasons.”The Meaning of LightMoreover, the cultural meaning of light—and darkness—toa particular society can become an issue. “Overthe years, there have been some cultural disconnects onstereotypical themes our U.S. audiences accept,” saysDunlap. “One great example is at the Haunted Mansionwhere, to most Americans, ghosts exist in dark places withfog and dead trees. The Japanese have a different view ofspirits in that they are light and airy. That is quite a differenceand puts a whole new spin on the attraction. In thefirst few years, many Tokyo guests thought the attractionwas fun, but didn’t understand all those figures wereghosts – not people dressed up. They couldn’t figure outwhy they were having a party in a graveyard.”Sometimes it’s not even the attraction itself that raisesquestions about the use of lighting. “From a lighting standpoint,it used to be more acceptable to have very darkspaces in queues,” says Dunlap. “The Splash Mountainqueue has a couple of places where youreally can’t see the floor. The cavernwalls are more visible that way, but itwould be considered too dark in a U.S.queue. Over the last decade, theJapanese philosophy has shifted moretowards the U.S. version; queues haveto be much brighter than before andmain walkways and steps must bemore visible at night.”Castle Mystery Tour is a walk-through attraction withmany stairs. Most of the walkways used to be almost pitchblack, which was acceptable to the guests and the themepark operators. In the past few years, lights have beenadded to make the tour a bit brighter and all walkwaysmore visible—which is still acceptable to today’s guests.On a more generalized note, the Japanese tend to likecool-white fluorescent lights more than the warm-white. Inthat culture, the higher color temperature provides a morecivilized look that is cleaner and brighter. Making facesand merchandise look more appealing does not factor intothe equation. Color rendition doesn’t matter as much asfeeling bright.A Bit of AdviceAccording to Dunlap, when taking on an internationalproject, “definitely learn the business customs of the hostcountry. It goes a long way with your overseas partners ifyou take the time to learn them. Also, budget for and takethe time to obtain samples of fixtures and lamps youmight use. Set up a room, with the proper power adapters,where you can turn them on and play. Knowing the limitationsof the fixtures before you get into the field will precludelots of headaches.Paul Gregory’s advice? “I advise that when people workoverseas, they connect with a good local distributor. Theyshould meet with a few local distributors to understand themethod of purchasing for that particular area. It might befactory supplies direct to project, distributor uses only hislines due to exclusivity agreements with factories or distributorcan give you the ‘as specified’ package. Eachmethod affects the final outcome of the project.”Take it from lighting designers who know.About the Author: Julie Leibowitz is a freelance writer and editor basedin New York City. She was formerly senior associate editor of FacilitiesDesign & Management magazine.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . November . . . . . 2003 . . . LD+A . . . . 72. . www.iesna.org. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .