ASDP: Environmental And Social Management Framework

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The resulting loss of mountain soil and the deposition of silt in the water courses areaffecting many lower level ecosystems. Modification of wetlands for irrigation hasresulted in serious floods and consequent destruction in several areas and increasedgrazing pressures are affecting the drier ends of the watershed.4.1.7 National Parks/Forests at a Glance• Arusha Ngurdoto Crater National Park• Gombe Stream National Park• Katavi National Park• Kilimanjaro National Park• Lake Manyara National Park• Mahale Mountains National Park• Mikumi National Park• Ngorongoro Conservation Area• Ruaha National Park• Selous Game Reserve• Serengeti National Park• Tarangire National Park 17These areas are exclusively reserved for the protection of flora and fauna, eco-tourism,biodiversity conservation, and for geological formations of scientific and aesthetic value.4.1.8 VolcanoesMost of the country’s mountains and volcanoes are located in the north and east of thecountry. They vary from the dramatic crater of Mt. Meru and the active volcano of OlDonyo Lengai to tamer options like the Usambara Mountains and comparatively gentleslopes of the Crater Highlands.4.1.9 Wild LifeAmphibians show high diversity and wide distribution, with high endemism in coastalforests and in the mountain forests of the Eastern Arc Mountains. Tanzania has 293reptile species, which have a wide distribution range and are not greatly threatened byhabitat change. The number of bird species found in Tanzania is 1,065. Of these, 25 areendemic, and all but 3 species are limited to forest habitats. Some 302 species ofterrestrial mammals occur in Tanzania. The keystone species of critical importanceinclude chimpanzee, colobus and mangabey monkeys, elephant, and a dwindlingpopulation of black rhinoceros. The larger carnivores include lion, leopard, cheetah andthe African wild dog. There are over 30 antelope species, and the giraffe populations arethe most numerous in Africa. Tanzania also has a rich menagerie of small mammalspecies, including bats (97species), shrews (32 species) and rodents (100 species).Of the 302 species of terrestrial mammals, 13 species (4%) and 5 subspecies areendemic to Tanzania and Kenya, and one subspecies is endemic to Tanzania andUganda. Tanzania also has high numbers and a great species diversity of millipedes,terrestrial molluscs and butterflies. The marine environment has more than 7,80517 http://www.kilimanjaro.com/tanzania/parktz.htm Accessed 7th August 200532/114
invertebrate species, while about 789 species of freshwater invertebrates (mostlyaquatic insects) are known in Tanzania.4.1.10 Aquatic and Living OrganismsLake Victoria has three major important commercial species (Lates nioticus (Nile Pech);Oreochromis niloticus (Nile Tilapia); and Rastrineobola argentea (Sardine)).Lake Tanganyika has three major commercial fishes (One specie of Centropomedaeand 2 species of Clupeidae).Some swamps are important breeding sites for fish. Lake Tanganyika is home to about217 endemic fish species, while Lake Malawi has the most diverse fish speciespopulation (over 600 species). Both lakes are world-famous for their diversity ofaquarium fish. Lake Tanganyika is important nationally for sardine, while Lake Victoriahas a naturally rich and diverse indigenous fish fauna (178–208 species). However, theintroduction of Nile perch has led to the disappearance of several indigenous species.4.1.11 Agricultural ProduceThere are seven agro-ecological zones of Tanzania based on climate, physicalgeography, soils, vegetation, land use and tsetse fly occurrence, which are the mainphysical factors that influence opportunities and constraints for crop and livestockproduction.The main products in farming are food and cash crops as well as livestock, which arebasically for subsistence. Traditional Export Crops include coffee, cotton, cashewnut,tobacco, tea, sisal, and pyrethrum. The production of major cash crops shows no cleartrend, annual fluctuations are largely influenced by climatic circumstances, incidence ofpests and diseases, and short-term price variations. With only a very small share of theinternational market (except sisal and pyrethrum), increased production of thesecommodities in the country would not affect export prices. According to URT (2000)report, the trend in the production of major cash for 18 years and food crops over thepast 17 years are summarized in Tables 1.2.2 and 1.2.3 respectively.Year Cashew Coffee Cotton Pyrethrum Tobacco Made tea Sisal1995/96 81.7 52.3 250.2 0.4 28.4 21.2 25.01996/9763.044.4252.90.435.419.830.01997/9899.938.0208.20.452.026.215.31998/99110.042.7105.40.137.825.024.0Table 4.8Total Annual Production (in ‘000 Tons)Year Maize Paddy Wheat Sorghum &MilletPulsesCassava33/114
Page 4 and 5: Development activities at the natio
Page 6 and 7: • Regional Level AuthoritiesThe r
Page 8: watershed management,ground water c
Page 11 and 12: 2.0 INTRODUCTIONThe Government of U
Page 13 and 14: Whereas, the Agricultural Sector De
Page 15 and 16: and requiring higher financing leve
Page 17 and 18: Types of Irrigation No. of Schemes
Page 19 and 20: 4.1.1 ClimateTanzania experiences a
Page 21 and 22: the other northern tributary, the R
Page 23 and 24: efore joining the Kisigo at Mtera.
Page 25 and 26: The basin is situated in the semi-a
Page 27 and 28: • Lake Tanganyika (shared with Co
Page 29 and 30: Table 4.4 12 The Nile River Basin:
Page 31: 4.1.4 Water Quality4.1.4.1 Ground W
Page 35 and 36: Despite its potential and rich reso
Page 37 and 38: - declining soil fertility- many wo
Page 39 and 40: • 5.1 Environmental Assessment (O
Page 41 and 42: agrochemicals in WHO 24 classes IA,
Page 43 and 44: Therefore, for sub projects that in
Page 45 and 46: Summary of Requirements of Bank Saf
Page 47 and 48: esponsibility for social developmen
Page 49 and 50: to promote public awareness of envi
Page 51 and 52: consulted stakeholders and their si
Page 53 and 54: mainstream of decision making. The
Page 55 and 56: Mining Act, No. 17 of 1980,as amend
Page 57 and 58: • 6.12 International ConventionsT
Page 59 and 60: 7. DETERMINATION OF POTENTIAL ENVIR
Page 61 and 62: Water Contamination: Pollution. Poi
Page 63 and 64: Loss of Biodiversity and Habitats.I
Page 65 and 66: 7.3 Some Potential Social Concerns
Page 67 and 68: 8.0. INSTITUTIONAL ASSESSMENT AND F
Page 69 and 70: 8.2 Institutional Roles and Respons
Page 71 and 72: Program contained in section 8.4 of
Page 73 and 74: ASDP NSCASDP SECRETARIATASDP FACILI
Page 75 and 76: • Safe management of Pesticides.
Page 77 and 78: Table 9.1: Potential DADP Sub Proje
Page 79 and 80: o) Step FOUR: Following compliance
Page 81 and 82: 9.3 Costs of the Environmental Soci
Page 83 and 84:
10.2.1 Monitoring and Evaluation In
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to construction, operations and mai
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Table 10.1: Environmental Mitigatio
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Annex A: Verification of Safeguards
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IV. Involuntary Resettlement (OP 4.
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Other comments:i) If substantial re
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The BiophysicalandSocialEnvironment
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Annex CGuidelines for an Environmen
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1. Sub project DescriptionPlease pr
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7. Invasive plant species along fee
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ANNEX E 33GENERIC ENVIRONMENTAL AND
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Annex FGeneric Guidelines for Prepa
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ANNEX GENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL APP
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12. Are there any other environment
Page 111 and 112:
Annex HGuidelines for Assessment of
Page 113 and 114:
• Overall assessment of challenge
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ASDP: Environmental And Social Management Framework

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