286 ReferencesChelt<strong>on</strong>, B. C., Schlax, M. G., Lyman, J. M., <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> Johns<strong>on</strong>, G. C. Equatorially trapped Rossby<str<strong>on</strong>g>waves</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g> the presence of meridi<strong>on</strong>ally sheared barocl<str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g>ic flow <str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g> the Pacific ocean. Progress <str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g>Oceanography, 56, 323–380, 2003.Christensen, J.,U. R.<str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> Aubert, Dormy, E., Gibb<strong>on</strong>s, S., Glatzmaier, G. A., Grote, E., H<strong>on</strong>kura,Y., J<strong>on</strong>es, C., K<strong>on</strong>o, M., Matsushima, M., Sakuraba, A., Tabahashi, F., Tilgner, A., Wicht, J.,<str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> Zhang, K. A numerical dynamo benchmark. Phys. Earth Planet. Int., 128, 25–34, 2001.Christensen, U. R. <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> Ols<strong>on</strong>, P. Secular variati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g> numerical geodynamo models with lateralvariati<strong>on</strong>s of boundary heat flow. Phys. Earth Planet. Int., 138, 39–54, 2003.Christensen, U. R., Ols<strong>on</strong>, P., <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> Glatzmaier, G. A dynamo model <str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g>terpretati<strong>on</strong> of geomagneticfield structures. Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 1565–1568, 1998.Christensen, U. R, Ols<strong>on</strong>, P., <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> Glatzmaier, G. Numerical model<str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g>g of the geodynamo. Geophys.J. Int., 138, 393–409, 1999.Christensen, U. R. <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> Tilgner, A. Power requirement of the geodynamo from Ohmic losses <str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g>numerical <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> laboratory dynamos. Nature, 429, 169–171, 2004.Cipoll<str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g>i, P., Cromwell, D., Challenor, P. G., <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> Raffaglio, S. Rossby <str<strong>on</strong>g>waves</str<strong>on</strong>g> detected <str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g> globalocean data. Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 323–326, 2001.Cipoll<str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g>i, P., Cromwell, D., J<strong>on</strong>es, M. S., Quartly, D., <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> Challenor, P. G. C<strong>on</strong>current altimeter<str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g>frared observati<strong>on</strong>s of Rossby wave propagati<strong>on</strong> near 34N <str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g> the Northeast Atlantic.Geophys. Res. Lett., 24, 889–892, 1997.Cipoll<str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g>i, P., Quartly, D., Challenor, P. G., Cromwell, D., <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> Rob<str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g>s<strong>on</strong>, I. S. Remote sens<str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g>g ofextra-equatorial planetary <str<strong>on</strong>g>waves</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g> the oceans. Manual of remote sens<str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g>g, page Submitted,2004.Clark, A. Some exact soluti<strong>on</strong>s <str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g> magnetohydrodynamics with astrophysical applicati<strong>on</strong>s. Phys.Fluids, 8, 644–649, 1965.Clement, B. Dependence of the durati<strong>on</strong> of geomagnetic polarity reversals <strong>on</strong> site latitide. Nature,428, 637–640, 2004.C<strong>on</strong>stable, C. G., Johns<strong>on</strong>, C. L., <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> .P., Lund S. Global geomagnetic field models for the past3000 years: transient or permanent flux lobes? Phil. Trans. R. Soc. L<strong>on</strong>d. A, 358, 991–1008,2000.Courtillot, V., Ducruix, J., <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> Le Mouël, J. L. Sur une accelerati<strong>on</strong> recente de la variati<strong>on</strong>seculaire du champ magnetique terrestre. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, D287, 1095–1098, 1978.Courtillot, V. <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> Le Mouël, J. L. Geomagnetic secular variati<strong>on</strong> impulses. Nature, 311, 709–716,1984.Cowl<str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g>g, T.G. The magnetic field of sunspots. M<strong>on</strong>. Not. R. Astr. Soc., 94, 39–48, 1934.Davids<strong>on</strong>, P.A. An <str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g>troducti<strong>on</strong> to magnetohydrodynamics. Cambridge Univeristy Press, 2001.Davis, R.G <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> Whaler, K. Determ<str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g>ati<strong>on</strong> of a steady velocity field <str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g> a rotat<str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g>g frame ofreference at the surface of Earth’s <str<strong>on</strong>g>core</str<strong>on</strong>g>. Geophys. J. Int., 1126, 92–100, 1996.Deans, S. R. The Rad<strong>on</strong> transform <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> some of its applicati<strong>on</strong>s. John Wiley, New York, 1988.deWijs, G. A., Kresse, G., Vo˘cadlo, L., D., Dobs<strong>on</strong>, Alfeé, D., J., Gillan M., <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> D., Price G. Theviscosity of liquid ir<strong>on</strong> at the physical c<strong>on</strong>diti<strong>on</strong>s of the Earth’s <str<strong>on</strong>g>core</str<strong>on</strong>g>. Nature, 392, 805–808,1998.Dick<str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g>s<strong>on</strong>, R. E. Rossby <str<strong>on</strong>g>waves</str<strong>on</strong>g>— l<strong>on</strong>g-period oscillati<strong>on</strong>s of oceans <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> atmospheres. Annu. Rev.Fluid Mech., 10, 159–195, 1978.Doell, R. R. <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> Cox, A. J. Geophys. Res., 70, 3377–3405, 1965.Doell, R. R. <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> Cox, A. Pacific Geomagnetic Secular Variati<strong>on</strong>. Science, 171, 248–254, 1971.Dormy, E., Soward, A. M., J<strong>on</strong>es, C.A., Jault, D., <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> Card<str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g>, P. The <strong>on</strong>set of thermal c<strong>on</strong>vecti<strong>on</strong><str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g> rotat<str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g>g spherical shells. J. Fluid Mech., 501, 43–70, 2004.Dormy, E., Valet, J.-P., <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> Courtillot, V. Numerical models of the geodynamo <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> observati<strong>on</strong>alc<strong>on</strong>stra<str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g>ts. Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 1, 1–42, October 2000.
287 ReferencesDraz<str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g>, P. G. Introducti<strong>on</strong> to hydrodynamic <str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g>stability. Cambridge Univeristy Press, 2002.Drew, S. The effect of a stable layer at the <str<strong>on</strong>g>core</str<strong>on</strong>g>-mantle boundary <strong>on</strong> thermal c<strong>on</strong>vecti<strong>on</strong>. Geophys.Astrophys. Fluid Dyn., 65, 173–182, 1992.Drew, S. Magnetic field l<str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g>e expulsi<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g>to a c<strong>on</strong>duct<str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g>g mantle. Geophys. J. Int., 115, 303–312,1993.Dumberry, M. <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> Bloxham, J. Torque balance, Taylor’s c<strong>on</strong>stra<str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g>t <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> torsi<strong>on</strong>al oscillati<strong>on</strong>s <str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g>a numerical model of the geodynamo. Phys. Earth Planet. Int., 140, 29–51, 2003.Dumberry, M. <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> Bloxham, J. Variati<strong>on</strong>s <str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g> Earth’s gravity field caused by torsi<strong>on</strong>al oscillati<strong>on</strong>s<str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g> the <str<strong>on</strong>g>core</str<strong>on</strong>g>. Geophys. J. Int., 159, 417–434, 2004.Dumberry, M. <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> Bloxham, J. Azimuthal flows <str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g> the Earth’s <str<strong>on</strong>g>core</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> changes <str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g> the lengthof day <strong>on</strong> millennial timescales. Geophys. J. Int., page submitted, 2005.Dziew<strong>on</strong>ski, A. M. <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> Anders<strong>on</strong>, D. L. Prelim<str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g>ary reference Earth model. Phys. Earth Planet.Int., 25, 297–356, 1981.El Sawi, M. <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> Eltayeb, I. A. Wave acti<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> critcial surfaces for hydromagnetic-<str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g>ertialgravity<str<strong>on</strong>g>waves</str<strong>on</strong>g>. Quart. App. Math., 34, 187–202, 1981.Elsasser, W.M. Inducti<strong>on</strong> effects <str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g> terrestrial magnetism I. Phys. Rev., 69(3-4), 106–116, 1946.Eltayeb, I. A. <str<strong>on</strong>g>Hydromagnetic</str<strong>on</strong>g> c<strong>on</strong>vecti<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g> a rapidly rotat<str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g>g fluid layer. Proc. R. Soc. L<strong>on</strong>d.,326, 229–254, 1972.Eltayeb, I. A. Propagati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> stability of wave moti<strong>on</strong>s <str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g> rotat<str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g>g magnetic systems. Phys.Earth Planet. Int., 24, 259–271, 1981.Eltayeb, I. A. The propagati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> stability of l<str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g>ear wave moti<strong>on</strong>s <str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g> rapidly rotat<str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g>g sphericalshells: weak magnetic fields. Geophys. Astrophys. Fluid Dyn., 67, 211–239, 1992.Eltayeb, I. A. <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> Kumar, S. <str<strong>on</strong>g>Hydromagnetic</str<strong>on</strong>g> c<strong>on</strong>vective <str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g>stability of a rotat<str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g>g, self-gravitat<str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g>gfluid sphere c<strong>on</strong>ta<str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g><str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g>g a uniform distributi<strong>on</strong> of heat sources. Proc. R. Soc. L<strong>on</strong>d., 353,145–162, 1977.Ewen, S. A. <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> Soward, A. M. Phase mixed rotat<str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g>g magnetoc<strong>on</strong>vecti<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> Taylor’s c<strong>on</strong>diti<strong>on</strong>I. Amplitide equati<strong>on</strong>s. Geophys. Astrophys. Fluid Dyn., 77, 209–230, 1994a.Ewen, S. A. <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> Soward, A. M. Phase mixed rotat<str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g>g magnetoc<strong>on</strong>vecti<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> Taylor’s c<strong>on</strong>diti<strong>on</strong>II. Travell<str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g>g pulses. Geophys. Astrophys. Fluid Dyn., 77, 231–262, 1994b.Ewen, S. A. <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> Soward, A. M. Phase mixed rotat<str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g>g magnetoc<strong>on</strong>vecti<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> Taylor’s c<strong>on</strong>diti<strong>on</strong>III. Wave tra<str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g>s. Geophys. Astrophys. Fluid Dyn., 77, 263–283, 1994c.Farrell, B. <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> Ioannou, P.J. Generalized stability theory, part i: Aut<strong>on</strong>omous operators. J.Atmos. Sci., 53, 2025–2040, 1996.Fearn, D. R. Thermally-driven hydromagnetic c<strong>on</strong>vecti<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g> a rapidly rotat<str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g>g sphere. Proc. R.Soc. L<strong>on</strong>d., 369, 227–242, 1979a.Fearn, D. R. Thermal <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> magnetic <str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g>stabilities <str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g> a rapidly rotat<str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g>g fluid sphere. Geophys.Astrophys. Fluid Dyn., 14, 102–126, 1979b.Fearn, D. R. <str<strong>on</strong>g>Hydromagnetic</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>waves</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g> a differentially rotat<str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g>g annulus I: A test of local stabilityanalysis. Geophys. Astrophys. Fluid Dyn., 27, 137–162, 1983.Fearn, D. R. <str<strong>on</strong>g>Hydromagnetic</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>waves</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g> a differentially rotat<str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g>g annulus II. resistive <str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g>stabilities.Geophys. Astrophys. Fluid Dyn., 30, 227–239, 1984.Fearn, D. R. <str<strong>on</strong>g>Hydromagnetic</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>waves</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g> a differentially rotat<str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g>g annulus IV. <str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g>sulat<str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g>g boundaries.Geophys. Astrophys. Fluid Dyn., 44, 55–75, 1988.Fearn, D. R. Differential rotati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> thermal c<strong>on</strong>vecti<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g> a rapidly rotat<str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g>g hydromagneticsystem. Geophys. Astrophys. Fluid Dyn., 49, 173–193, 1989.Fearn, D. R. Magnetic <str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g>stabilities <str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g> rapidly rotat<str<strong>on</strong>g>in</str<strong>on</strong>g>g systems. Theory of solar <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> planetarydynamos, Edited by Proctor, M. R. E., Matthews, P. C. <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> Rucklidge, A. M., pages 59–68,1993.
- Page 3:
iAbstractIn this thesis east-west m
- Page 6 and 7:
iv2.5.3 Filter warm-up effects <str
- Page 8 and 9:
vi7.2.1 Governing
- Page 10 and 11:
viiiList of Figures1.1 The geomagne
- Page 12 and 13:
x5.5 Snapshots of ˜B r from DYN1 a
- Page 14 and 15:
xiiList of Tables6.1 Hydrom
- Page 16 and 17:
xiv̂φ Unit vector in</str
- Page 18 and 19:
xviĤ Time-averaged Ĥ˜H Time-ave
- Page 20 and 21:
xviiiu yu zVv nXx̂xxYŷyZẑzFlow
- Page 22 and 23:
xxAcknowledgementsI would like firs
- Page 24 and 25:
2 Chapter 1 — Introductionangle b
- Page 26 and 27:
4 Chapter 1 — Introductionseen by
- Page 28 and 29:
6 Chapter 1 — IntroductionThe ori
- Page 30 and 31:
8 Chapter 1 — IntroductionPoirier
- Page 32 and 33:
10 Chapter 1 — Introductionimport
- Page 34 and 35:
12 Chapter 1 — IntroductionRau et
- Page 36 and 37:
14 Chapter 1 — Introductionof geo
- Page 38 and 39:
16Chapter 2A space-time process<str
- Page 40 and 41:
18 Chapter 2 — Space-time analysi
- Page 42 and 43:
20 Chapter 2 — Space-time analysi
- Page 44 and 45:
22 Chapter 2 — Space-time analysi
- Page 46 and 47:
24 Chapter 2 — Space-time analysi
- Page 48 and 49:
26 Chapter 2 — Space-time analysi
- Page 50 and 51:
28 Chapter 2 — Space-time analysi
- Page 52 and 53:
30 Chapter 2 — Space-time analysi
- Page 54 and 55:
32 Chapter 2 — Space-time analysi
- Page 56 and 57:
34 Chapter 2 — Space-time analysi
- Page 58 and 59:
36 Chapter 2 — Space-time analysi
- Page 60 and 61:
38 Chapter 2 — Space-time analysi
- Page 62 and 63:
40 Chapter 2 — Space-time analysi
- Page 64 and 65:
42 Chapter 2 — Space-time analysi
- Page 66 and 67:
44 Chapter 2 — Space-time analysi
- Page 68 and 69:
46 Chapter 2 — Space-time analysi
- Page 70 and 71:
48 Chapter 2 — Space-time analysi
- Page 72 and 73:
50 Chapter 2 — Space-time analysi
- Page 74 and 75:
52 Chapter 2 — Space-time analysi
- Page 76 and 77:
54Chapter 3Application of the space
- Page 78 and 79:
56 Chapter 3 — Historical field(a
- Page 80 and 81:
58 Chapter 3 — Historical field
- Page 82 and 83:
60 Chapter 3 — Historical field(a
- Page 84 and 85:
62 Chapter 3 — Historical field10
- Page 86 and 87:
64 Chapter 3 — Historical field(a
- Page 88 and 89:
66 Chapter 3 — Historical field(a
- Page 90 and 91:
68 Chapter 3 — Historical fieldTh
- Page 92 and 93:
70 Chapter 3 — Historical fieldso
- Page 94 and 95:
72 Chapter 3 — Historical fieldea
- Page 96 and 97:
74 Chapter 3 — Historical field(a
- Page 98 and 99:
76 Chapter 3 — Historical field(a
- Page 100 and 101:
78 Chapter 3 — Historical field40
- Page 102 and 103:
80Chapter 4Application of the space
- Page 104 and 105:
82 Chapter 4 — Archeomagnetic fie
- Page 106 and 107:
84 Chapter 4 — Archeomagnetic fie
- Page 108 and 109:
86 Chapter 4 — Archeomagnetic fie
- Page 110 and 111:
88 Chapter 4 — Archeomagnetic fie
- Page 112 and 113:
90 Chapter 4 — Archeomagnetic fie
- Page 114:
92 Chapter 4 — Archeomagnetic fie
- Page 117 and 118:
4.3.3 Hemispherical differences <st
- Page 119 and 120:
97 Chapter 4 — Archeomagnetic fie
- Page 121 and 122:
99Chapter 5Application of the space
- Page 123 and 124:
5.2.1 Radial magnetic field (B r )
- Page 125 and 126:
103 Chapter 5 — Dynamo model outp
- Page 127 and 128:
105 Chapter 5 — Dynamo model outp
- Page 129 and 130:
107 Chapter 5 — Dynamo model outp
- Page 131 and 132:
109 Chapter 5 — Dynamo model outp
- Page 133 and 134:
111 Chapter 5 — Dynamo model outp
- Page 135 and 136:
113 Chapter 5 — Dynamo model outp
- Page 137 and 138:
115 Chapter 5 — Dynamo model outp
- Page 139 and 140:
117 Chapter 5 — Dynamo model outp
- Page 141 and 142:
119 Chapter 5 — Dynamo model outp
- Page 143 and 144:
121 Chapter 5 — Dynamo model outp
- Page 145 and 146:
123 Chapter 5 — Dynamo model outp
- Page 147 and 148:
125 Chapter 5 — Dynamo model outp
- Page 149 and 150:
127 Chapter 5 — Dynamo model outp
- Page 151 and 152:
129 Chapter 5 — Dynamo model outp
- Page 153 and 154:
131 Chapter 5 — Dynamo model outp
- Page 155 and 156:
133 Chapter 5 — Dynamo model outp
- Page 157 and 158:
6.2 Survey of hydromagnetic wave li
- Page 159 and 160:
137 Chapter 6 — TheoryIn rapidly
- Page 161 and 162:
139 Chapter 6 — Theorywav
- Page 163 and 164:
141 Chapter 6 — TheoryProperties
- Page 165 and 166:
143 Chapter 6 — Theory6.5 Influen
- Page 167 and 168:
145 Chapter 6 — TheoryPlane wave
- Page 169 and 170:
147 Chapter 6 — Theory6.5.2 Full
- Page 171 and 172:
149 Chapter 6 — TheoryThe solutio
- Page 173 and 174:
151 Chapter 6 — Theory(i) Topogra
- Page 175 and 176:
153 Chapter 6 — Theoryfield where
- Page 177 and 178:
155 Chapter 6 — Theorythe length
- Page 179 and 180:
157 Chapter 6 — Theory(iii) Therm
- Page 181 and 182:
159 Chapter 6 — Theoryuniform bac
- Page 183 and 184:
161 Chapter 6 — Theorythermal Ros
- Page 185 and 186:
163 Chapter 6 — Theorybetween the
- Page 187 and 188:
165 Chapter 6 — Theoryfield becau
- Page 189 and 190:
167 Chapter 6 — Theorydue to the
- Page 191 and 192:
169 Chapter 6 — Theoryfocus<stron
- Page 193 and 194:
171 Chapter 7 — Lin</stro
- Page 195 and 196:
173 Chapter 7 — Lin</stro
- Page 197 and 198:
175 Chapter 7 — Lin</stro
- Page 199 and 200:
177 Chapter 7 — Lin</stro
- Page 201 and 202:
179 Chapter 7 — Lin</stro
- Page 203 and 204:
181 Chapter 7 — Lin</stro
- Page 205 and 206:
183 Chapter 7 — Lin</stro
- Page 207 and 208:
185 Chapter 7 — Lin</stro
- Page 209 and 210:
187 Chapter 7 — Lin</stro
- Page 211 and 212:
189 Chapter 7 — Lin</stro
- Page 213 and 214:
191 Chapter 7 — Lin</stro
- Page 215 and 216:
193 Chapter 7 — Lin</stro
- Page 217 and 218:
195 Chapter 8 — Wave flows8.2 1D
- Page 219 and 220:
197 Chapter 8 — Wave flowsthe fro
- Page 221 and 222:
199 Chapter 8 — Wave flowsso that
- Page 223 and 224:
201 Chapter 8 — Wave flows<strong
- Page 225 and 226:
203 Chapter 8 — Wave flowsbe cons
- Page 227 and 228:
205 Chapter 8 — Wave flows(a) U=1
- Page 229 and 230:
207 Chapter 8 — Wave flowsfor one
- Page 231 and 232:
209 Chapter 8 — Wave flowsIntegra
- Page 233 and 234:
211 Chapter 8 — Wave flowsField A
- Page 235 and 236:
213 Chapter 8 — Wave flows(a) m=8
- Page 237 and 238:
215 Chapter 8 — Wave flowsto aid
- Page 239 and 240:
217 Chapter 8 — Wave flowsthan th
- Page 241 and 242:
219 Chapter 8 — Wave flowssuite o
- Page 243 and 244:
221 Chapter 8 — Wave flows(a) Max
- Page 245 and 246:
223 Chapter 8 — Wave flows(a)B r
- Page 247 and 248:
225 Chapter 8 — Wave flows(a)B r
- Page 249 and 250:
227 Chapter 8 — Wave flows(a)B r
- Page 251 and 252:
229 Chapter 8 — Wave flowsFigure
- Page 253 and 254:
231 Chapter 8 — Wave flowsconcent
- Page 255 and 256:
233 Chapter 8 — Wave flows(a)B r
- Page 257 and 258: 235 Chapter 8 — Wave flowsobserve
- Page 259 and 260: 237 Chapter 8 — Wave flowsonly we
- Page 261 and 262: 239 Chapter 8 — Wave flows<strong
- Page 263 and 264: 241Chapter 9Conclusions and
- Page 265 and 266: 243 Chapter 9 — ConclusionsR=0.95
- Page 267 and 268: 245 Chapter 9 — Conclusionsresolu
- Page 269 and 270: 247 Chapter 9 — Conclusionsso lon
- Page 271 and 272: 249Appendix AHistorical geomagnetic
- Page 273 and 274: 251 Appendix A — gufm125000Freque
- Page 275 and 276: ⎢I = Arctan ⎣253 Appendix A —
- Page 277 and 278: 255 Appendix A — gufm1(a) Annual
- Page 279 and 280: 257 Appendix A — gufm1the secular
- Page 281 and 282: 259Appendix BThe archeomagnetic fie
- Page 283 and 284: 261 Appendix B — CALS7K.1Temporal
- Page 285 and 286: B.5 Field modellin
- Page 287 and 288: 265Appendix CA 3D, convection-drive
- Page 289 and 290: 267 Appendix C — MAGICshell is re
- Page 291 and 292: 269 Appendix C — MAGICmagnetic di
- Page 293 and 294: 271 Appendix D — Governin
- Page 295 and 296: 273 Appendix D — Governin
- Page 297 and 298: 275 Appendix E — Symmetrywhile fo
- Page 299 and 300: 277 Appendix E — SymmetryOn the o
- Page 301 and 302: 279 Appendix F — AnimationsRefere
- Page 303 and 304: 281 Appendix F — AnimationsRefere
- Page 305 and 306: 283ReferencesAbramowitz, M. <strong
- Page 307: 285 ReferencesBragin</stron
- Page 311 and 312: 289 ReferencesGubbin</stron
- Page 313 and 314: 291 ReferencesJiang, W., Kuang, W.,
- Page 315 and 316: 293 ReferencesMete Uz, B., Yoder, J
- Page 317 and 318: 295 ReferencesSoward, A. M. Convect
- Page 319: 297 ReferencesZhang, K. and