Hydromagnetic waves in Earth's core and their influence on ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

294 ReferencesRoberts, P. H. Fundamentals of dynamo theroy. Lectures on Solar <strong>and</strong> Planetary Dynamos,Edited by Proctor, M. R. E. <strong>and</strong> Gilbert, A. D., pages 1–58, 1994.Roberts, P. H. <strong>and</strong> Glatzmaier, G. A. Geodynamo theory <strong>and</strong> simulations. Rev. Mod. Phys., 72(4), 1081–1123, 2000a.Roberts, P. H. <strong>and</strong> Glatzmaier, G. A. A test of the frozen flux approximation us<strong>in</strong>g a newgeodynamo model. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A, 358, 1109–1121, 2000b.Roberts, P. H. <strong>and</strong> Jones, C. A. The onset of magnetoconvection at large Pr<strong>and</strong>tl number <strong>in</strong> arotat<strong>in</strong>g layer I. F<strong>in</strong>ite magnetic diffusion. Geophys. Astrophys. Fluid Dyn., 92, 289–325, 2000.Roberts, P. H., Jones, C. A., <strong>and</strong> Calderwood, A. R. Energy fluxes <strong>and</strong> Ohmic dissipation.In Earth’s <strong>core</strong> <strong>and</strong> lower mantle, Ed. Jones, C. A. <strong>and</strong> Soward, A. <strong>and</strong> Zhang, K., pages100–129, 2003.Roberts, P. H. <strong>and</strong> Loper, D. E. On the diffusive <strong>in</strong>stability of some simple, steady magnetohydrodynamicflows. J. Fluid Mech., 90, 641–668, 1979.Roberts, P. H. <strong>and</strong> Scott, S. On the analysis of the secular variation — 1 : A hydromagneticconstra<strong>in</strong>t. J. Geomagn. Geoelectr., 17(2), 137–151, 1965.Roberts, P. H. <strong>and</strong> Soward, A. M. Magnetohydrodynamics of the Earth’s <strong>core</strong>. Annu. Rev. FluidMech., 4, 117–153, 1972.Roberts, P. H. <strong>and</strong> Stewartson, K. On f<strong>in</strong>ite amplitude convection <strong>in</strong> a rotat<strong>in</strong>g magnetic system.Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond., 277, 287–315, 1974.Romanowicz, B. Inversion of surface <strong>waves</strong>: a review. IASPEI H<strong>and</strong>book (W. Lee Editor), 1,1–26, 2002.Rossby, C.-G. Relation between variations <strong>in</strong> the <strong>in</strong>tensity of the zonal circulation of the atmosphere<strong>and</strong> the displacements of the semi-permanent centres of action. J.Mar. Res., 2(0),33–55, 1939.Rotvig, J. <strong>and</strong> Jones, C. A. Rotat<strong>in</strong>g convection driven dynamos at low Ekman number. Phys.Rev. E, 66, 056308, 2002.Rüdiger, G. <strong>and</strong> Hollerbach, R. The magnetic universe. Wiley-VCH, 2004.Sabaka, T. J., Olsen, N., <strong>and</strong> Langel, R. A. A comprehensive model of the quiet-time, near-earthmagnetic field: phase 3. Geophys. J. Int., 151, 32–68, 2002.Sabaka, T. J., Olsen, N., <strong>and</strong> Purucker, M. E. Extend<strong>in</strong>g comprehensive models of the Earth’smagnetic field with Oersted <strong>and</strong> CHAMP data. Geophys. J. Int., 159, 521–547, 2004.Sakuraba, A. <strong>and</strong> Kono, M. Effect of a uniform magnetic field on nonl<strong>in</strong>ear magnetoconvection<strong>in</strong> a rotat<strong>in</strong>g fluid spherical shell. Geophys. Astrophys. Fluid Dyn., 92, 255–287, 2000.Sarson, G. R. K<strong>in</strong>ematic dynamo calculations for geomagnetism. Ph. D. Thesis, University ofLeeds, 1994.Secco, R. A. <strong>and</strong> Schloess<strong>in</strong>, H. H. The electrical reistivity of solid <strong>and</strong> liquid Fe at pressures upto 7 GPa. J. Geophys. Res., 94, 5887–5894, 1989.Shankl<strong>and</strong>, T. J., Peyronneau, J., <strong>and</strong> Poirier, J.-P. Electrical conductivity of the Earth’s lowermantle. Nature, 366, 453–455, 1993.Shearer, P. M. Introduction to Seismology. Cambridge Univeristy Press, 2001.Shepp, K. L. <strong>and</strong> Kruskal, J. B. Computerised tomography: The new medical X-Ray technology.Amer. Math. Monthly, 85, 420–439, 1978.Shure, L., Parker, R. L., <strong>and</strong> Langel, R. A. A prelim<strong>in</strong>ary harmonic spl<strong>in</strong>e model from Magsatdata. J. Geophys. Res., 90(B13), 11505–11512, 1985.Simons, F. J., Dahlen, F. A., <strong>and</strong> Wieczorek, M. A. Spatiospectral concentration on a sphere.SIAM Review (submitted), 2005.Smith, S. W. The Scientist <strong>and</strong> Eng<strong>in</strong>eer’s Guide to Digital Signal Process<strong>in</strong>g. California TechnicalPublish<strong>in</strong>g, 1997.
295 ReferencesSoward, A. M. Convection driven dynamos. Phys. Earth Planet. Int., 20, 134–151, 1979a.Soward, A. M. Thermally <strong>and</strong> magnetically driven convection <strong>in</strong> a rapidly rotat<strong>in</strong>g fluid layer.J. Fluid Mech., 90, 669–684, 1979b.Soward, A. M. <strong>and</strong> Dormy, E. Dynamics <strong>in</strong> rotat<strong>in</strong>g spheres: Boundary layers <strong>and</strong> <strong>waves</strong>.Mathematical Aspects of Natural Dynamos (Ed. E. Dormy), 2005.Stellmach, S. <strong>and</strong> Hansen, U. Cartesian convection driven dynamos at low Ekman number. Phys.Rev. E, 70, 056312, 2004.Stewartson, K. Slow oscillations <strong>in</strong> a rotat<strong>in</strong>g cavity <strong>in</strong> the presence of a toroidal magnetic field.Proc. R. Soc. Lond., 299, 173–187, 1967.Stewartson, K. Waves <strong>in</strong> homogeneous fluids. Rotat<strong>in</strong>g fluids <strong>in</strong> geophysics, Ed. Roberts, P.H.<strong>and</strong> Soward, A.M., pages 67–103, 1978.Stewartson, K. <strong>and</strong> Rickard, J. A. Pathological oscillations of a rotat<strong>in</strong>g fluid. J. Fluid Mech.,35, 759–773, 1969.Sutton, R. R. <strong>and</strong> Allen, M. R. Decadal predictability of North Atlantic sea surface temperature<strong>and</strong> climate. Nature, 388, 563–567, 1997.Tackley, P. J. Three-dimensional simulations of mantle convection with a thermo-chemical basalboundary layer: D”? 1998.Tapley, B. D., Bettadpur, S., Ries, J. C., Thompson, P. F., <strong>and</strong> Watk<strong>in</strong>s, M. M. GRACEmeasurements of mass variability <strong>in</strong> the Earth system. Science, 305, 502–505, 2004.Taylor, J.B. The magneto-hydrodynamics of a rotat<strong>in</strong>g fluid <strong>and</strong> the Earth’s dynamo problem.Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A, 9, 274–283, 1963.Tritton, D. J. Physical fluid dynamics. Oxford University Press, 1987.Valet, J.-P. Time variations <strong>in</strong> geomagnetic <strong>in</strong>tensity. Rev. Geophys., 41, 1004,doi:10.1029/2001RG000104, 2003.Valet, J.-P., Meynadier, L., <strong>and</strong> Guyodo, Y. Geomagnetic dipole strength <strong>and</strong> reversal rate overthe past two million years. Nature, 435, 802–805, 2005.Vest<strong>in</strong>e, E. H. <strong>and</strong> Kahle, E. The small amplitude of magnetic secular change <strong>in</strong> the pacific area.J. Geophys. Res., 71(2), 527–530, 1966.Vest<strong>in</strong>e, E. H. <strong>and</strong> Kahle, E. The weswtard drift <strong>and</strong> the geomagnetic secular change. Geophys.J. R. Astr. Soc., 15, 29–37, 1968.Voorhies, C. V. <strong>and</strong> Backus, G. E. Steady flows at the top of the <strong>core</strong> from geomagnetic fieldmodels. Geophys. Astrophys. Fluid Dyn., 32, 163–173, 1985.Walker, A. D. <strong>and</strong> Backus, G. E. On the difference between the average values of Br2atlantic <strong>and</strong> pacific hemipheres. Geophys. Res. Lett., 23, 1965–1968, 1996.<strong>in</strong> theWalker, M. R. <strong>and</strong> Barenghi, C. F. Magnetoconvection <strong>in</strong> a rapidly rotat<strong>in</strong>g sphere. Geophys.Astrophys. Fluid Dyn., 85, 129–162, 1997.Walker, M. R. <strong>and</strong> Barenghi, C. F. Nonl<strong>in</strong>ear magnetoconvection <strong>and</strong> the geostrophic flow. Phys.Earth Planet. Int., 111, 35–46, 1999.Walker, M. R., Barenghi, C. F., <strong>and</strong> Jones, C. A. A note on dynamo action at asymptoticallysmall Ekman number. Geophys. Astrophys. Fluid Dyn., 88, 261–275, 1998.Walker, M. R. <strong>and</strong> Jackson, A. Robust modell<strong>in</strong>g of the Earth’s magnetic field. Geophys. J. Int.,143, 799–808, 2001.Ward<strong>in</strong>ski, I. Core flow models from decadal <strong>and</strong> sub-decadal secular variation of the ma<strong>in</strong>geomagnetic field. Ph.D. Thesis, Der Freien Universität Berl<strong>in</strong>, 2005.Wheeler, M. <strong>and</strong> Kiladis, G. N. Convectively coupled equatorial <strong>waves</strong>: Analysis of clouds <strong>and</strong>temperature <strong>in</strong> the wavenumber-frequency doma<strong>in</strong>. J. Atmos. Sci., 56, 374–399, 1999.Whitham, K. The relationships between the secular change <strong>and</strong> the non-dipole fields. Can. J.Phys.,, 36, 1372–1396, 1958.
Page 3:
iAbstractIn this thesis east-west m
Page 6 and 7:
iv2.5.3 Filter warm-up effects <str
Page 8 and 9:
vi7.2.1 Governing
Page 10 and 11:
viiiList of Figures1.1 The geomagne
Page 12 and 13:
x5.5 Snapshots of ˜B r from DYN1 a
Page 14 and 15:
xiiList of Tables6.1 Hydrom
Page 16 and 17:
xiv̂φ Unit vector in</str
Page 18 and 19:
xviĤ Time-averaged Ĥ˜H Time-ave
Page 20 and 21:
xviiiu yu zVv nXx̂xxYŷyZẑzFlow
Page 22 and 23:
xxAcknowledgementsI would like firs
Page 24 and 25:
2 Chapter 1 — Introductionangle b
Page 26 and 27:
4 Chapter 1 — Introductionseen by
Page 28 and 29:
6 Chapter 1 — IntroductionThe ori
Page 30 and 31:
8 Chapter 1 — IntroductionPoirier
Page 32 and 33:
10 Chapter 1 — Introductionimport
Page 34 and 35:
12 Chapter 1 — IntroductionRau et
Page 36 and 37:
14 Chapter 1 — Introductionof geo
Page 38 and 39:
16Chapter 2A space-time process<str
Page 40 and 41:
18 Chapter 2 — Space-time analysi
Page 42 and 43:
Page 44 and 45:
Page 46 and 47:
Page 48 and 49:
Page 50 and 51:
Page 52 and 53:
Page 54 and 55:
Page 56 and 57:
Page 58 and 59:
Page 60 and 61:
Page 62 and 63:
Page 64 and 65:
Page 66 and 67:
Page 68 and 69:
Page 70 and 71:
Page 72 and 73:
Page 74 and 75:
Page 76 and 77:
54Chapter 3Application of the space
Page 78 and 79:
56 Chapter 3 — Historical field(a
Page 80 and 81:
58 Chapter 3 — Historical field
Page 82 and 83:
Page 84 and 85:
62 Chapter 3 — Historical field10
Page 86 and 87:
Page 88 and 89:
Page 90 and 91:
68 Chapter 3 — Historical fieldTh
Page 92 and 93:
70 Chapter 3 — Historical fieldso
Page 94 and 95:
72 Chapter 3 — Historical fieldea
Page 96 and 97:
Page 98 and 99:
Page 100 and 101:
78 Chapter 3 — Historical field40
Page 102 and 103:
Page 104 and 105:
82 Chapter 4 — Archeomagnetic fie
Page 106 and 107:
Page 108 and 109:
Page 110 and 111:
Page 112 and 113:
Page 114:
Page 117 and 118:
4.3.3 Hemispherical differences <st
Page 119 and 120:
Page 121 and 122:
Page 123 and 124:
5.2.1 Radial magnetic field (B r )
Page 125 and 126:
103 Chapter 5 — Dynamo model outp
Page 127 and 128:
Page 129 and 130:
Page 131 and 132:
Page 133 and 134:
Page 135 and 136:
Page 137 and 138:
Page 139 and 140:
Page 141 and 142:
Page 143 and 144:
Page 145 and 146:
Page 147 and 148:
Page 149 and 150:
Page 151 and 152:
Page 153 and 154:
Page 155 and 156:
Page 157 and 158:
6.2 Survey of hydromagnetic wave li
Page 159 and 160:
137 Chapter 6 — TheoryIn rapidly
Page 161 and 162:
139 Chapter 6 — Theorywav
Page 163 and 164:
141 Chapter 6 — TheoryProperties
Page 165 and 166:
143 Chapter 6 — Theory6.5 Influen
Page 167 and 168:
145 Chapter 6 — TheoryPlane wave
Page 169 and 170:
147 Chapter 6 — Theory6.5.2 Full
Page 171 and 172:
149 Chapter 6 — TheoryThe solutio
Page 173 and 174:
151 Chapter 6 — Theory(i) Topogra
Page 175 and 176:
153 Chapter 6 — Theoryfield where
Page 177 and 178:
155 Chapter 6 — Theorythe length
Page 179 and 180:
157 Chapter 6 — Theory(iii) Therm
Page 181 and 182:
159 Chapter 6 — Theoryuniform bac
Page 183 and 184:
161 Chapter 6 — Theorythermal Ros
Page 185 and 186:
163 Chapter 6 — Theorybetween the
Page 187 and 188:
165 Chapter 6 — Theoryfield becau
Page 189 and 190:
167 Chapter 6 — Theorydue to the
Page 191 and 192:
169 Chapter 6 — Theoryfocus<stron
Page 193 and 194:
171 Chapter 7 — Lin</stro
Page 195 and 196:
Page 197 and 198:
Page 199 and 200:
Page 201 and 202:
Page 203 and 204:
Page 205 and 206:
Page 207 and 208:
Page 209 and 210:
Page 211 and 212:
Page 213 and 214:
Page 215 and 216:
Page 217 and 218:
195 Chapter 8 — Wave flows8.2 1D
Page 219 and 220:
197 Chapter 8 — Wave flowsthe fro
Page 221 and 222:
199 Chapter 8 — Wave flowsso that
Page 223 and 224:
201 Chapter 8 — Wave flows<strong
Page 225 and 226:
203 Chapter 8 — Wave flowsbe cons
Page 227 and 228:
205 Chapter 8 — Wave flows(a) U=1
Page 229 and 230:
207 Chapter 8 — Wave flowsfor one
Page 231 and 232:
209 Chapter 8 — Wave flowsIntegra
Page 233 and 234:
211 Chapter 8 — Wave flowsField A
Page 235 and 236:
213 Chapter 8 — Wave flows(a) m=8
Page 237 and 238:
215 Chapter 8 — Wave flowsto aid
Page 239 and 240:
217 Chapter 8 — Wave flowsthan th
Page 241 and 242:
219 Chapter 8 — Wave flowssuite o
Page 243 and 244:
221 Chapter 8 — Wave flows(a) Max
Page 245 and 246:
223 Chapter 8 — Wave flows(a)B r
Page 247 and 248:
Page 249 and 250:
Page 251 and 252:
229 Chapter 8 — Wave flowsFigure
Page 253 and 254:
231 Chapter 8 — Wave flowsconcent
Page 255 and 256:
Page 257 and 258:
235 Chapter 8 — Wave flowsobserve
Page 259 and 260:
237 Chapter 8 — Wave flowsonly we
Page 261 and 262:
239 Chapter 8 — Wave flows<strong
Page 263 and 264:
241Chapter 9Conclusions and
Page 265 and 266: 243 Chapter 9 — ConclusionsR=0.95
Page 267 and 268: 245 Chapter 9 — Conclusionsresolu
Page 269 and 270: 247 Chapter 9 — Conclusionsso lon
Page 271 and 272: 249Appendix AHistorical geomagnetic
Page 273 and 274: 251 Appendix A — gufm125000Freque
Page 275 and 276: ⎢I = Arctan ⎣253 Appendix A —
Page 277 and 278: 255 Appendix A — gufm1(a) Annual
Page 279 and 280: 257 Appendix A — gufm1the secular
Page 281 and 282: 259Appendix BThe archeomagnetic fie
Page 283 and 284: 261 Appendix B — CALS7K.1Temporal
Page 285 and 286: B.5 Field modellin
Page 287 and 288: 265Appendix CA 3D, convection-drive
Page 289 and 290: 267 Appendix C — MAGICshell is re
Page 291 and 292: 269 Appendix C — MAGICmagnetic di
Page 293 and 294: 271 Appendix D — Governin
Page 295 and 296: 273 Appendix D — Governin
Page 297 and 298: 275 Appendix E — Symmetrywhile fo
Page 299 and 300: 277 Appendix E — SymmetryOn the o
Page 301 and 302: 279 Appendix F — AnimationsRefere
Page 303 and 304: 281 Appendix F — AnimationsRefere
Page 305 and 306: 283ReferencesAbramowitz, M. <strong
Page 307 and 308: 285 ReferencesBragin</stron
Page 309 and 310: 287 ReferencesDrazin</stron
Page 311 and 312: 289 ReferencesGubbin</stron
Page 313 and 314: 291 ReferencesJiang, W., Kuang, W.,
Page 315: 293 ReferencesMete Uz, B., Yoder, J
Page 319: 297 ReferencesZhang, K. and
show all

Hydromagnetic waves in Earth's core and their influence on ...

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?