final report on the multiport dryer - Argonne National Laboratory
final report on the multiport dryer - Argonne National Laboratory
final report on the multiport dryer - Argonne National Laboratory
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10TpSICAFMITemperaturePressureSight glassOver-temperature interlockTemperature c<strong>on</strong>troller (last heater element)AtomizerFlowmeterTemperature-c<strong>on</strong>trolled valveMultiTherm LoopFM-3T FM3Pressure reliefHeaterHeating elementT s4T minPump (P-3)Pressure reliefPressure reliefICEvaporatorSuperheaterAccumulatorPressure reliefAfter-c<strong>on</strong>denser LoopFM-4After-c<strong>on</strong>denserBuilding waterPump (P-4)Water outT FM4Pressure reliefT s2 T woutpRegulator AccumulatorAccumulatorHigh-pressureN 2 tankFM-1IPump (P-1)T s3Water/Steam LoopT moutTest Secti<strong>on</strong>p∆pT sinT soutC<strong>on</strong>densing channelSST FM1T winT s1Pressure reliefT coutCoolant channelT cinPressure reliefWater/Coolant LoopWater inCoolerAccumulatorpRegulatorAWater inHigh-pressureN 2 tankWater outIPump (P-2)FM-2T FM2Fig. 5. Schematic representati<strong>on</strong> of <strong>multiport</strong> cylinder <strong>dryer</strong> heat transfer test apparatusMultiTherm is heated without boiling to 230°C (446°F) by an electrical resistance heater.The evaporator/superheater heat exchanger is of a shell-and-tube counter-flow design; it wasdesigned with relatively small flow passages for <strong>the</strong> MultiTherm liquid, to keep its flowturbulent. Inside <strong>the</strong> evaporator/superheater, <strong>the</strong> water exchanges heat with <strong>the</strong> MultiTherm loopfluid and changes from <strong>the</strong> liquid state into saturated or slightly superheated steam,corresp<strong>on</strong>ding to <strong>the</strong> system pressure. The water pressure, and thus its temperature at <strong>the</strong> testsecti<strong>on</strong> inlet, is c<strong>on</strong>trolled with <strong>the</strong> accumulator and high-pressure nitrogen tank shown in Fig. 5.