a compliance study of Bangladesh shrimp aquaculture - The United ...

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Seraj5 SHRIMP AQUACULTURE PRACTICES IN BANGLADESHThe shrimp aquaculture of Bangladesh has a long history. Hundreds of years ago, the coastalpeople started using the tidal water within the paddy fields during January to June foraquaculture. There was no fry stocking, no artificial feeding, liming, fertilization or aeration.They used to trap tidal water harvest shrimp and finfish after two to three months time. Onlythe wild seeds of shrimp and fish carried by tidal water were allowed to grow without anyintervention. The production of shrimp was very low at that time. But they got sufficient fishand shrimp for their consumption. By the late 1960’s, almost all the canals and small andmedium sized rivers were closed by cross dams because of construction of embankmentsthrough the coastal belt to protect intrusion of saline water into rice fields.5.1 Development PhaseAfter the independence of Bangladesh in 1971, people grew interested in increased shrimpproduction because of increased price and demand in the international market. Some localpeople forcibly cut open the embankments in some areas and started shrimp culture in theirrice fields. From the late seventies or early eighties, the shrimp culture expanded steadily. Inaddition to trapping natural shrimp seed, farmers started stocking of Bagda (Panaeusmonodon) PL caught from the rivers and coast line. Since then there has been a continuousexpansion of shrimp farming area and production (Figure 6). Before 1980, shrimpaquaculture area was only 20,000 ha, in 30 years it expanded 10 fold and presently 217,877 ha(Karim, 1986 and DoF, 2008b).Figure 6: Increase of shrimp farming area of Bangladesh, 1980-2007 (DoF 2008b)Shrimp production before 1980 was low. It started increasing rapidly during the 1990’s and itstill increasing in a good pace (Figure 7). During the last 30 years, shrimp production fromaquaculture has increased more than five fold, from 14773 mt in 1986-87 to 86840 mt in thefiscal year 2006-07 (DoF, 2008b).UNU-Fisheries Training Programme 22
SerajFigure 7: Shrimp production from Aquaculture 1986-2007 (DoF 2008b).5.2 Location of shrimp farmsShrimp farms are mostly concentrated in the southwestern districts of Khulna, Satkhira andBagerhat and the southeastern district of Cox’s Bazar. The farms are mainly located withinpolders. In Khulna and Satkhira, farms largely alternate between shrimp and rice production,but in Cox’s Bazar, they alternate between shrimp and salt production (Table 11 and Figure8).Table 11: Major shrimp farming districts and their share in shrimp production andfarming area (DoF, 2008b).Sl. Name of Farm Area % Farming Production %Number District (ha)Area(mt)Production1 Bagerhat 59424 27.27 26384 30.382 Khulna 51921 23.83 20249 23.323 Satkhira 52356 24.03 18796 21.644 Cox's Bazar 32018 14.70 14568 16.785 Jessore 6544 3.00 2421 2.796 Pirojpur 4484 2.06 1237 1.427 Chittagong 2610 1.20 1104 1.278 Bhola 3214 1.48 919 1.069 Patuakhali 3115 1.43 530 0.6110 Narail 1214 0.56 358 0.4111 Barguna 408 0.19 108 0.1212 Other districts 569 0.26 166 0.19Total 217877 100.00 86840 100.00UNU-Fisheries Training Programme 23
Page 2 and 3: {xe "TABLE OF CONTENTS"}TABLE OF CO
Page 4 and 5: LIST OF FIGURES{xe "LIST OF FIGURES
Page 6 and 7: LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS{xe "LIST OF A
Page 8 and 9: SerajBangladeshi waters. Among them
Page 10 and 11: SerajTable 4: Price variation of pe
Page 12 and 13: Serajsubstantial standard regarding
Page 14 and 15: Seraj2 MATERIALS AND METHODSInforma
Page 16 and 17: Serajissues certificates stating th
Page 18 and 19: SerajTable 7 : Examples of principl
Page 20 and 21: SerajMario et al. (2002) revealed t
Page 22 and 23: Seraj4.2 Export market of Banglades
Page 24 and 25: Seraj4.4.1 Guiding laws and directi
Page 26 and 27: Seraj4.4.6 General health requireme
Page 30 and 31: SerajFigure 8: Shrimp farming upazi
Page 32: Seraj5.6 Farming systemsBangladeshi
Page 35 and 36: Serajbrand names as these brands en
Page 37 and 38: SerajIn the current management syst
Page 39 and 40: Seraj5.9.12 Ban on wild fry collect
Page 41 and 42: SerajTable 14: Summery of SWOT anal
Page 43 and 44: SerajMinimum Substantive CriteriaBa
Page 45 and 46: SerajMinimum Substantive Criteriapr
Page 47 and 48: SerajMinimum Substantive CriteriaId
Page 49 and 50: Seraj6.2.4 Social ResponsibilityAcc
Page 51 and 52: SerajEnforcement of fish quarantine
Page 53 and 54: SerajDevelopment of guiding documen
Page 55 and 56: SerajACKNOWLEDGEMENTAll my gratitud
Page 57 and 58: SerajEJF. (2003). Grab: Conflict, C
Page 59 and 60: SerajMario, F. T., Brian, R., & Rob
Page 61 and 62: SerajAnnexure 1:QuestionnaireThe FA
Page 63 and 64: SerajMinimum Substantive Criteria B
Page 65 and 66: SerajAnnexure 3:Articles of FAO Cod
Page 67: SerajExample 2:Sl.no.Particulars1.

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